Differences of affective and non-affective psychoses in early intervention services from Latin America
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Date
2022
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Abstract
Background: Psychosis presentation can be affected by genetic and environmental factors. Differentiating be-tween affective and non-affective psychosis (A-FEP and NA-FEP, respectively) may influence treatment decisions and clinical outcomes. The objective of this paper is to examine differences between patients with A-FEP or NA-FEP in a Latin American sample.Methods: Patients from two cohorts of patients with a FEP recruited from Brazil and Chile. Subjects included were aged between 15 and 30 years, with an A-FEP or NA-FEP (schizophrenia-spectrum disorders) according to DSM-IV-TR. Sociodemographic data, duration of untreated psychosis and psychotic/mood symptoms were assessed. Generalized estimating equation models were used to assess clinical changes between baseline-follow-up ac-cording to diagnosis status.Results: A total of 265 subjects were included. Most of the subjects were male (70.9 %), mean age was 21.36 years. A-FEP and NA-FEP groups were similar in almost all sociodemographic variables, but A-FEP patients had a higher probability of being female. At baseline, the A-FEP group had more manic symptoms and a steeper reduction in manic symptoms scores during the follow-up. The NA-FEP group had more negative symptoms at baseline and a higher improvement during follow-up. All domains of The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale improved for both groups. No difference for DUP and depression z-scores at baseline and follow-up. Limitations: The sample was recruited at tertiary hospitals, which may bias the sample towards more severe cases.Conclusions: This is the largest cohort comparing A-FEP and NA-FEP in Latin America. We found that features in FEP patients could be used to improve diagnosis and support treatment decisions.
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First-episode, Psychosis, Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder, Depression