Artículos de revistas

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Esta colección incluye artículos de revistas de profesores de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, publicados en revistas nacionales y extranjeras.

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 697

1,4-Dihydropyridines: Reactivity of nitrosoaryl and nitroaryl derivatives with alkylperoxyl radicals and ABTS radical cation
(2004) Valenzuela, V.; Santander, P.; Camargo, C.; Squella, J.A.; López Alarcón, Camilo Ignacio; Nuñez Vergara, L.J.
(13)C NMR studies of heterocyclic naphtho- and anthraquinones. Deshielding effect on the carbonyl carbon with methyl substitution
(2008) Salas Sánchez, Cristián Osvaldo; Armstrong Lattapiat, Ana Verónica; López Astorga, Claudio; Tapia Apati, Ricardo
7-(tert-Butyldiphenylsilyloxy)-2,2-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-3(2H)-one
(2011) Salas Sánchez, Cristián Osvaldo; Tapia Apati, Ricardo; Macias, Alejandro
A Bayesian approach for nonlinear regression models with continuous errors
(2003) Cruz Mesía, Rolando J. de la; Marshall Rivera, Guillermo
A Chilean survey of perinatal women and health care professionals? views towards perinatal apps
(AME Publishing Company, 2023) Franco Vivanco, Pamela Verónica; Kelders, Saskia; Muzard, Antonia; Olhaberry Huber, Marcia
Background: Women around the globe are increasingly engaging with pregnancy and parenting apps, almost becoming a routine part of the maternity experience. However, little is known about what perinatal women and health care professionals feel about those apps in Latin American countries, where the digital transformation has been slower but where digital technologies could also bridge gaps in access to quality health care.Methods: This study aimed to assess views towards pregnancy and parenting apps in perinatal women and perinatal health care professionals in Chile through an online survey. In perinatal women, we explored app use, what they value in the apps they use, and what an "ideal app" would be for them. In health professionals, we explored opinions about women using perinatal apps and what they think a perfect app for their clients would be. Results: The survey was completed by 451 perinatal women and 54 perinatal health care professionals.Results show that perinatal women in Chile frequently use perinatal apps, and they and health care professionals show a positive attitude towards them. The most valued attributes are information and monitoring of body changes during pregnancy, information and monitoring of the baby's development (in the uterus and after birth), information and tips on how to stay healthy, and having the possibility to interact with other women.Conclusions: Perinatal apps are accepted by perinatal women and health care professionals in Chile. Some needs for an "ideal app" emerged. Participants mentioned the need to address mental health, including the mental health of their partner, and the need for support during the transition to parenthood.
A circadian clock in Neurospora crassa functions during plant cell wall deconstruction
(2020) Diaz, R. D.; Larrondo Castro, Luis Fernando
A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2012) Lim, Stephen S.; Vos, Theo; Flaxman, Abraham D.; Danaei, Goodarz; Shibuya, Kenji; Adair Rohani, Heather; Amann, Markus; Anderson, H. Ross; Andrews, Kathryn G.; Aryee, Martin; Atkinson, Charles; Bacchus, Loraine J.; Bahalim, Adil N.; Balakrishnan, Kalpana; Balmes, John; Barker Collo, Suzanne; Baxter, Amanda; Bell, Michelle L.; Blore, Jed D.; Blyth, Fiona; Bonner, Carissa; Borges, Guilherme; Bourne, Rupert; Boussinesq, Michel; Brauer, Michael; Brooks, Peter; Bruce, Nigel G.; Brunekreef, Bert; Bryan Hancock, Claire; Bucello, Chiara; Buchbinder, Rachelle; Bull, Fiona; Burnett, Richard T.; Byers, Tim E.; Calabria, Bianca; Carapetis, Jonathan; Carnahan, Emily; Chafe, Zoe; Charlson, Fiona; Chen, Honglei; Chen, Jian Shen; Cheng, Andrew Tai Ann; Child, Jennifer Christine; Cohen, Aaron; Colson, K. Ellicott; Cowie, Benjamin C.; Darby, Sarah; Darling, Susan; Davis, Adrian; Degenhardt, Louisa; Dentener, Frank; Des Jarlais, Don C.; Devries, Karen; Dherani, Mukesh; Ding, Eric L.; Dorsey, E. Ray; Driscoll, Tim; Edmond, Karen; Ali, Suad Eltahir; Engell, Rebecca E.; Erwin, Patricia J.; Fahimi, Saman; Falder, Gail; Farzadfar, Farshad; Ferrari, Alize; Finucane, Mariel M.; Flaxman, Seth; Fowkes, Francis Gerry R.; Freedman, Greg; Freeman, Michael K.; Gakidou, Emmanuela; Ghosh, Santu; Giovannucci, Edward; Gmel, Gerhard; Graham, Kathryn; Grainger, Rebecca; Grant, Bridget; Gunnell, David; Gutierrez, Hialy R.; Hall, Wayne; Hoek, Hans W.; Hogan, Anthony; Hosgood, H. Dean, III; Hoy, Damian; Hu, Howard; Hubbell, Bryan J.; Hutchings, Sally J.; Ibeanusi, Sydney E.; Jacklyn, Gemma L.; Jasrasaria, Rashmi; Jonas, Jost B.; Kan, Haidong; Kanis, John A.; Kassebaum, Nicholas; Kawakami, Norito; Khang, Young Ho; Khatibzadeh, Shahab; Khoo, Jon Paul; Kok, Cindy; Laden, Francine; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lan, Qing; Lathlean, Tim; Leasher, Janet L.; Leigh, James; Li, Yang; Lin, John Kent; Lipshultz, Steven E.; London, Stephanie; Lozano, Rafael; Lu, Yuan; Mak, Joelle; Malekzadeh, Reza; Mallinger, Leslie; Marcenes, Wagner; March, Lyn; Marks, Robin; Martin, Randall; McGale, Paul; McGrath, John; Mehta, Sumi; Mensah, George A.; Merriman, Tony R.; Micha, Renata; Michaud, Catherine; Mishra, Vinod; Hanafiah, Khayriyyah Mohd; Mokdad, Ali A.; Morawska, Lidia; Mozaffarian, Dariush; Murphy, Tasha; Naghavi, Mohsen; Neal, Bruce; Nelson, Paul K.; Miquel Nolla, Joan; Norman, Rosana; Olives, Casey; Omer, Saad B.; Orchard, Jessica; Osborne, Richard; Ostro, Bart; Page, Andrew; Pandey, Kiran D.; Parry, Charles D. H.; Passmore, Erin; Patra, Jayadeep; Pearce, Neil; Pelizzari, Pamela M.; Petzold, Max; Phillips, Michael R.; Pope, Dan; Pope, C. Arden, III; Powles, John; Rao, Mayuree; Razavi, Homie; Rehfuess, Eva A.; Rehm, Juergen T.; Ritz, Beate; Rivara, Frederick P.; Roberts, Thomas; Robinson, Carolyn; Rodriguez Portales, Jose A.; Romieu, Isabelle; Room, Robin; Rosenfeld, Lisa C.; Roy, Ananya; Rushton, Lesley; Salomon, Joshua A.; Sampson, Uchechukwu; Sanchez Riera, Lidia; Sanman, Ella; Sapkota, Amir; Seedat, Soraya; Shi, Peilin; Shield, Kevin; Shivakoti, Rupak; Singh, Gitanjali M.; Sleet, David A.; Smith, Emma; Smith, Kirk R.; Stapelberg, Nicolas J. C.; Steenland, Kyle; Stoeckl, Heidi; Stovner, Lars Jacob; Straif, Kurt; Straney, Lahn; Thurston, George D.; Tran, Jimmy H.; Van Dingenen, Rita; van Donkelaar, Aaron; Veerman, J. Lennert; Vijayakumar, Lakshmi; Weintraub, Robert; Weissman, Myrna M.; White, Richard A.; Whiteford, Harvey; Wiersma, Steven T.; Wilkinson, James D.; Williams, Hywel C.; Williams, Warwick; Wilson, Nicholas; Woolf, Anthony D.; Yip, Paul; Zielinski, Jan M.; Lopez, Alan D.; Murray, Christopher J. L.; Ezzati, Majid
Background Quantification of the disease burden caused by different risks informs prevention by providing an account of health loss different to that provided by a disease-by-disease analysis. No complete revision of global disease burden caused by risk factors has been done since a comparative risk assessment in 2000, and no previous analysis has assessed changes in burden attributable to risk factors over time.
A consensus definition of internal medicine and the internist
(SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2011) Letelier S, Luz M.; Valdivieso D, Andres; Gazitua P, Raimundo; Echavarri, Sylvia, V; Armas M, Rodolfo
Internal Medicine is a basic clinical specialty in Medicine, but due to it's vast field of action it is quite difficult to define. This consensus article analyzes different definitions and proposes a current definition while analyzing several aspects of the specialty along with its strengths and weaknesses. We propose to define Internal Medicine as a clinical specialty devoted to the comprehensive care of adults, from adolescence to senility, particularly the diagnosis and non surgical treatment as well as primary and secondary prevention of their diseases, in hospital or ambulatory settings. We propose to define Internal Medicine as a clinical specialty devoted to the comprehensive care of adults in hospital or ambulatory settings, from adolescence to end of life, in terms of prevention, diagnosis and non-surgical treatments of disease. (Rev Med Chile 2011; 139: 1081-1088).
A cost-effectiveness evaluation of a home visit program for adolescent mothers
(SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2009) Aracena, Marcela; Krause, Mariane; Perez, Carola; Jesus Mendez, Maria; Salvatierra, Loreto; Soto, Mauricio; Pantoja, Tomas; Navarro, Sandra; Salinas, Alejandra; Farah, Claudio; Altimir, Carolina
A home visit intervention program for adolescents throughout their pregnancy and during the early stages of motherhood was evaluated. The participants (N = 90) were part of a larger group of adolescents treated in two health centers in a poor neighborhood in Santiago, Chile. The program was carried out by volunteer community health monitors and evaluated through an experimental, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Cost-effectiveness was examined in comparison with standard health care. Results show higher scores for the intervention group on the mothers' mental health and nutritional state, as well as on the children's levels of linguistic development.
A critical analysis of the effect of OM-85 for the prevention of recurrent respiratory tract infections or wheezing/asthma from systematic reviews with meta-analysis
(WILEY, 2024) Castro Rodriguez, Jose Antonio; Turi, Kedir N.; Forno, Erick
Acute respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are one of the most common causes of pediatric consultations/hospitalizations and a major trigger for asthma exacerbations. Some consensus statements have recommended the use of immunostimulants to boost natural defenses against severe or repeated infections. One of the most common immunostimulants is OM-85; while several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have evaluated its efficacy in preventing acute RTIs and wheezing/asthma exacerbations, results have been conflicting. Similarly, various systematic reviews with meta-analyses (SRMs) on OM-85 have used different strategies, populations, and outcomes; moreover, SRM conclusions are limited when the original studies are highly heterogeneous or have a low quality, hindering the generalizability of the findings. Here we summarize the evidence on the effect of OM-85 to prevent acute RTIs, wheezing/asthma episodes, or loss of asthma control in children, by including and critically evaluating all SRMs published to date. We searched for SRMs on OM-85 in three publication databases and found nine SRMs (seven for RTI, and two for wheezing/asthma). Among those, one had a high confidence evaluation of quality (AMSTAR-2 tool) and found a reduction in the total number of acute RTIs among the OM-85 group. Overall, no strong recommendations can be derived from the existing literature, mainly due to the high heterogeneity among included RCTs and SRMs. Further, large, high-quality RCTs are needed to confirm the true efficacy of OM-85 for the prevention of acute RTIs, asthma development, and asthma exacerbations.
A deep look into the rib cage compression technique in mechanically ventilated patients: a narrative review
(2022) Jalil Contreras, Yorschua Frederick; Damiani, L. Felipe; Basoalto, Roque; Bachmman, María Consuelo; Bruhn, Alejandro
Defective management of secretions is one of the most frequent complications in invasive mechanically ventilated patients. Clearance of secretions through chest physiotherapy is a critical aspect of the treatment of these patients. Manual rib cage compression is one of the most practiced chest physiotherapy techniques in ventilated patients; however, its impact on clinical outcomes remains controversial due to methodological issues and poor understanding of its action. In this review, we present a detailed analysis of the physical principles involved in rib cage compression technique performance, as well as the physiological effects observed in experimental and clinical studies, which show that the use of brief and vigorous rib cage compression, based on increased expiratory flows (expiratory-inspiratory airflow difference of > 33L/minute), can improve mucus movement toward the glottis. On the other hand, the use of soft and gradual rib cage compression throughout the whole expiratory phase does not impact the expiratory flows, resulting in ineffective or undesired effects in some cases. More physiological studies are needed to understand the principles of the rib cage compression technique in ventilated humans. However, according to the evidence, rib cage compression has more potential benefits than risks, so its implementation should be promoted.
A feared combination: Hypertension and chronic kidney disease
(2019) Varleta, Paola; Tagle, Rodrigo
A genome-wide association scan identifies the hepatic cholesterol transporter ABCG8 as a susceptibility factor for human gallstone disease
(2007) Buch, S.; Schafmayer, C.; Völzke, H.; Becker, C.; Franke, A.; Von Eller-Eberstein, H.; Kluck, C.; Bässmann, I.; Brosch, M.; Lammert, F.; Miquel P., Juan Francisco; Nervi, Flavio; Wittig, M.; Rosskopf, D.; Timm, B.; Höll, C.; Seeger, M.; Elsharawy, A.; Lu, T.; Egberts, J.; Fändrich, F.; Fölsch, U. R.; Krawczak, M.; Schreiber, S.; Nürnberg, P.; Tepel, J.; Hampe, J.
With an overall prevalence of 10-20%, gallstone disease (cholelithiasis) represents one of the most frequent and economically relevant health problems of industrialized countries1,2. We performed an association scan of 4500,000 SNPs in 280 individuals with gallstones and 360 controls. A follow-up study of the 235 most significant SNPs in 1,105 affected individuals and 873 controls replicated the disease association of SNP A-1791411 in ABCG8 (allelic P value P-CCA = 4.1 x 10(-9)), which was subsequently attributed to coding variant rs11887534 (D19H). Additional replication was achieved in 728 German (P = 2.8 x 10(-7)) and 167 Chilean subjects (P = 0.02). The overall odds ratio for D19H carriership was 2.2 (95% confidence interval: 1.8-2.6, P = 1.4 x 10(-14)) in the full German sample. Association was stronger in subjects with cholesterol gallstones (odds ratio = 3.3), suggesting that His19 might be associated with a more efficient transport of cholesterol into the bile.
A healthcare approach to mental integrity
(2024) Wajnerman-Paz, Abel; Aboitiz, Francisco; Alamos, Florencia; Vergara, Paulina Ramos
The current human rights framework can shield people from many of the risks associated with neurotechnological applications. However, it has been argued that we need either to articulate new rights or reconceptualise existing ones in order to prevent some of these risks. In this paper, we would like to address the recent discussion about whether current reconceptualisations of the right to mental integrity identify an ethical dimension that is not covered by existing moral and/or legal rights. The main challenge of these proposals is that they make mental integrity indistinguishable from autonomy. They define mental integrity in terms of the control we can have over our mental states, which seems to be part of the authenticity condition for autonomous action. Based on a fairly comprehensive notion of mental health (ie, a notion that is not limited to the mere absence of illness), we propose an alternative view according to which mental integrity can be characterised both as a positive right to (medical and non-medical) interventions that restore and sustain mental and neural function, and promote its development and a negative right protecting people from interventions that threaten or undermine these functions or their development. We will argue that this notion is dissociated from cognitive control and therefore can be adequately distinguished from autonomy.
A longitudinal study of depressive symptoms and marijuana use in a sample of inner-city African Americans
(WILEY, 2008) Repetto, Paula B.; Zimmerman, Marc A.; Caldwell, Cleopatra H.
The association between marijuana use and depressive symptoms was examined longitudinally in a sample of 622 African American youth, interviewed on six occasions, using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM). We considered whether depressive symptoms predicted changes in marijuana use and vice versa from high school through the transition into young adulthood. We also examined gender differences in these behaviors over time. The results indicated that depressive symptoms predicted later marijuana use only for males. Marijuana use did not predict later depressive symptoms for females or males. These findings are consistent with a unidirectional hypothesis indicating that marijuana use may play a role as mood regulator among young males, but not among females. Research findings also indicate that females with lower depressive symptoms use more marijuana than females who report high depressive symptoms. These findings did not change even after controlling for the effects of using other substances at previous stages, school achievement, and demographics factors. These results suggest that depressive symptoms may be an antecedent of marijuana use among African American males.
A Longitudinal Study of the Relation Between Depressive Symptomatology and Parenting Practices
(2012) Errázuriz Arellano, Paula A.; Harvey, Elizabeth A.; Thakar, Dhara A.
A multi-scale variational neural network for accelerating motion-compensated whole-heart 3D coronary MR angiography
(2020) Fuin, N.; Bustin, A.; Kustner, T.; Oksuz, I.; Clough, J.; King, A. P.; Schnabel, J. A.; Botnar, René Michael; Prieto Vásquez, Claudia
A national online survey applied to patients with celiac disease in Chile
(SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2011) Espino, Alberto; Castillo L, Cecilia; Guiraldes, Ernesto; Santibanez, Helga; Francisco Miquel, Juan
Background: Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. Its prevalence in Europe and the USA is 0.5 to 1%. Aim: To analyze epidemiological aspect's and degree of compliance with gluten-free diet (GFD) among Chilean individuals with CD. Material and Methods: Subjects with confirmed or suspected CD were invited to answer an online survey published on the web at www.ftmdacionconvivir.cl. The answers were reinforced with a telephone interview. Results: The survey was answered by 1212 subjects (79% females). Median age at diagnosis was 25.8 years (range 1 to 84 years), with a bimodal curve with two peaks at less than 3 years and at 20 to 40 years of age. The diagnosis was made only by serologic markers in 9%, only by intestinal biopsy in 17.5%, and by a combination of both methods in 70%. Conditions associated with CD were reported by 30% of subjects and 20% had relatives with CD. The GFD was strictly adhered to by 70%, occasionally by 27% and never by 3%. Seventy five percent of subjects with a strict adherence to GFD had a favorable clinical response compared with 42% of those with incomplete or lack of adherence (odds ratio 4.0, 95% confidence intervals 2.8-5.7 p < 0.01). Conclusions: In 30% of respondents, the diagnosis of CD was not confirmed according to international guidelines that require serology and duodenal biopsy. One third of subjects recognized a poor compliance with GFD. Those with a strict adherence to it had a more favorable clinical course. However, 25% did not experience a clinical improvement despite a strict GFD, a finding which requires further study (Rev Med Chile 2011; 139: 841-847).
A new class of skew-normal distributions
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2004) Arellano Valle, RB; Gomez, HW; Quintana, FA
We introduce a new family of asymmetric normal distributions that contains Azzalini's skew-normal (SN) distribution as a special case. We study the main properties of this new family, showing in particular that it may be generated via mixtures on the SN asymmetry parameter when the mixing distribution is normal. This property provides a Bayesian interpretation of the new family.
A novel intraoperative technique seeding morselized bone tissue into pediatric blood culture bottles improves microbiological diagnosis in patients with foot and ankle osteomyelitis
(2020) Ledermann, G.; Klaber Rosenberg, Ianiv; Urrutia Escobar, Julio Octavio; Mery Ponce, Pablo Agustín

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