Artículos de revistas

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https://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/1156
Esta colección incluye artículos de revistas de profesores de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, publicados en revistas nacionales y extranjeras.

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Browsing Artículos de revistas by browse.metadata.fuente "Historial Académico"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 173
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    A Comprehensive Review of the Natural History of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Children
    (2000) Harris Diez, Paul Richard; Atherton, J; Gold, B; Goodman, K; Guarner, J; Madrazo de la Garza, A; Muñoz, O; Pérez-Pérez, G; Torres, J
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    A Lessons-learned Mobile System for Construction Companies: Motivation and Design
    (2014) Ferrada Calvo, Ximena Veronica; Sepúlveda Fernández, Marcos Ernesto; Serpell Bley, Alfredo; Daniela Núñez; Neyem, Andres
    Construction projects are an important source of organizational knowledge. Though, it is common to find that most lessons learned in construction projects are lost because most companies never take care of collecting them. To change this situation, a mobile lesson-learned system application with interface for smartphones and web in a cloud environment is proposed. This article focuses on the design of a prototype of the system and the main characteristics of its architecture. It is concluded that the application of mobile technology on the field would facilitate the use of the system, been an appropriate tool for knowledge management. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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    A review of steel plate shear wall design requirements and research
    (2007) López-García D; Berman JW; Bruneau M; Vian D
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    A Systematic Approach for Evaluating Innovation Management in Construction Companies
    (2014) Serpell Bley, Alfredo; Álvarez Parra, Romina Vanesa
    The increasing competition within the construction industry has created a growing concern for innovation, being appreciated as an important lever for competitive advantage. However, despite its need, there are some critical barriers that make innovation in construction very difficult. In addition, the perceived risk of innovation is almost unacceptable to the sector's culture. These factors limit the innovation efforts being made. Thus, appropriate mechanisms are needed to overcome these limitations and propose actions to promote innovation and innovation management in constructions' firms. The aim of this paper is to describe an approach to innovation management that includes a system for evaluating the status of innovation management in construction companies (SEGi by its acronym in Spanish), i.e., all activities undertaken by a company to integrate innovation opportunities to improve its performance. The system has been structured based on both quantitative and qualitative methods, whose application allows evaluating the state of innovation management and generating proposals for actions to solve the detected limitations. The research methodology is described together with the development of the system for evaluating innovation management, the results of the study of three construction companies that participated in the application of the system and the main conclusions of the study. The proposed evaluation system can be used to promote the development and improvement of innovation capabilities within construction companies. Additional results of the study are the identification of six major innovation drivers that are important for construction companies. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under he CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).
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    Abnormalities of lipid metabolism, gallstone disease and gallbladder function
    (2011) Zanlungo Matsuhiro, Silvana; Miquel P., Juan Francisco; Rigotti Rivera, Attilio; Nervi, Flavio
    Gallstone disease is highly prevalent with a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis. Gallstones are closely related to the metabolic syndrome associated disease conditions in which abnormal regulation of lipid metabolism secondary to insulin resistance plays a major pathogenic role. Insulin resistance increases biliary cholesterol secretion and affects gallbladder (GB) motility. Regulation of lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis is complex and the GB has been considered to have a minor regulatory role in both the intestinal absorption of lipids and metabolic homeostasis of the whole body. In fact, ablation of the GB does not affect nutrient absorption or the ability to lead a normal life. GB function regulates the cycling of bile salts through the enterohepatic circulation. Bile salts have important signaling effects that can affect whole body metabolic homeostasis. The GB and intestinal mucosa are rich in the hormone FGF15/19 and the receptor TGR5, which participate in metabolic regulation. Recent evidence supports the hypothesis that cholecystectomy may not be innocuous and that the GB has a significant role in the regulation of hepatic triglyceride metabolism. This article provides information regarding recent advances in the understanding of the interaction between regulation of lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, gallstone disease and GB function.
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    Adaptación de la Escala Atribucional de Motivación de Logro de Manassero y Vázquez
    (2009) Morales Bueno, Emma Patricia; Gómez Nocetti, Viviana
    En el presente artículo se reportan los resultados del estudio de validez de constructo y fiabilidad de una Escala Atribucional de Motivación de Logro (EAML), adaptada para su aplicación en contextos educativos universitarios, en los cuales se implementan estrategias de aprendizaje colaborativo. En la nueva escala (EAML-M) se reemplazó la dimensión original de Motivación de Competencia del Profesor por la dimensión Motivación de Interacción, en la cual se incorporaron aspectos relacionados con la percepción del estudiante acerca de la influencia de la interacción con sus pares y el profesor, en un contexto de aprendizaje colaborativo. La escala fue aplicada con estudiantes peruanos de primer año de ingeniería, pertenecientes a un curso que implementa la metodología de Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP). Los resultados del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio permiten identificar seis dimensiones en la nueva escala. La confiabilidad estimada es buena (α: 0,9026). Adicionalmente, el perfil dimensional obtenido muestra características que pueden orientar futuras investigaciones en esta línea.
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    Advances in understanding respiratory syncytial virus infection in airway epithelial cells and consequential effects on the immune response
    (2013) Bueno Ramírez, Susan Marcela; Cespedes Donoso, Pablo Francisco; González, Pablo A.; Kalergis Parra, Alexis Mikes; Lay Remolcoi, Margarita Kam-len; León, Miguel A.; Riedel Soria, Claudia
    This article reviews aspects of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in airway epithelial cells (AECs), including cytopathogenesis, entry, replication and the induction of immune response to the virus, including a new role for thymic stromal lymphopoietin in RSV immunopathology. (C) 2012 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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    AFM Study of Elastic Module of Physical-Vapor-Deposited Phospholipid Membranes
    (2018) Volkmann, Ulrich Georg; Catalán López, Rodrigo Esteban; Retamal Ponce, María José; Cisternas Fruns, Marcelo Andrés; Moraga Vent, Nicolás Andrés; Díaz Díaz, Diego Ignacio; Corrales, Tomás P.; Pérez-Acle, Tomás; Soto Arriaza, Marco Antonio; Huber, Patrick
    The physical study of artificial phospholipid membranes on solid substrates has become a relevant way to gain insights into the physical behavior of cell membranes. The study of mechanical properties of artificial membranes (lab-made) has become possible with the use of atomic force microscopy. Here, we analyze the Young's modulus and adhesion force of several phospholipidic membranes as a function of temperature using Scanning Force Spectroscopy (SFS). Phospholipids were deposited onto double-polished silicon substrates by physical vapor deposition (PVD), as we have recently reported [1, 2]. We have used Raman spectroscopy to show that the chemical structure of our deposited phospholipid remains unaltered after PVD. After PVD we performed AFM and SFS measurements on the following phospholipids: DPPC, DMPC and DSPC. Measurements using AFM in liquid confirm the self-assembly of the phospholipid bilayer. By using SFS of the deposited membrane in liquid, we observe 2 phase transitions, both in Younǵs Modulus, as well as adhesion channels. The measured phase transitions are consistent with the ripple-gel transition and the gel-liquid crystalline phases. Furthermore, we have studied the frequency dependence of these phase transitions by changing the tip velocity in SFS experiments. Supported by FONDECYT grant # 1141105 (UGV), FONDECYT INICIACION grant # 11160664 (TPC), CONICYT Fellowships (RC and MC), Postdoctoral Fellowship FONDECYT 3160803 (MJR) and CONICYT-PIA ACT 1409. [1] María J. Retamal, Marcelo A. Cisternas, Sebastian E. Gutierrez-Maldonado, Tomas Perez-Acle, Birger Seifert, Mark Busch, Patrick Huber and Ulrich G. Volkmann, J. Chem. Phys. 141, 104201 (2014). [2] María Jose Retamal, Tomas P. Corrales, Marcelo A. Cisternas, Nicolas H. Moraga, Diego I. Diaz, Rodrigo E. Catalan, Birger Seifert, Patrick Huber, and Ulrich G. Volkmann. Biomacromolecules 17 (3), 1142 (2016).
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    Análisis de la enunciación: distinciones operativas para un análisis dialógico del discurso
    (2007) Larraín, Antonia; Medina Morales, Lorena
    El análisis de la enunciación, entendido como un tipo de análisis del discurso que concibe el discurso como siempre marcado subjetivamente, representa para las humanidades, y específicamente par la psicología, una herramienta de gran valor. No obstante lo anterior, este tipo de análisis carece de cohesión y consenso, permaneciendo como un conjunto de planteamientos aislados. Por otro lado, es un tipo de análisis escasamente difundido y poco conocido en el ámbito de las ciencias sociales. Con el fin de difundir este tipo de herramienta, el presente artículo propone un modelo de análisis (categorías y procedimientos), frutos de la discusión e integración del trabajo de sus principales exponentes: Kerbrat-Orecchioni (1993) y Ducrot (1986).
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    Andamios de retiro gradual. Parte 2: Apoyos a la construcción de explicaciones en ciencia primaria
    (2020) Sommer Lohrmann, Martin; Cabello González, Valeria Magaly
    El desarrollo de la competencia de explicar científicamente es un desafío para la educación primaria ya que combina habilidades cognitivas, lingüísticas y sustento científico. En contextos hispanoparlantes la investigación para orientar pedagógicamente la construcción de explicaciones en educación primaria es escasa. Este artículo aborda la implementación de un diseño pedagógico para la construcción de explicaciones científicas escolares con apoyo en un sistema de andamiajes. Se buscó facilitar el desarrollo de las habilidades para explicar y, a su vez, la adquisición de conceptos nuevos que forman parte del sustento científico. Los resultados muestran que los y las estudiantes progresaron paulatinamente en la construcción de explicaciones mientras se aplicó el andamiaje. Se discuten orientaciones para el diseño pedagógico de andamios que permitan apoyar la construcción de explicaciones científicas escolares en primaria, con base en esta experiencia, así como del sustento teórico y empírico detallado en la primera parte de este trabajo.
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    Antithrombotic treatments, outcomes, and prognostic factors in acute childhood-onset arterial ischemic stroke: a multicentre, observational, cohort study
    (2009) Hernández Chávez, Marta Isabel; Goldenberg, Neil A.; Bernard, Timothy J.; Fullerton, Heather; Gordon, Anne; Veber, Gabrielle de; International Pediatric Stroke Study Group
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    Árboles viejos y muertos en pie: un recurso vital para la fauna del bosque templado de Chile
    (2012) Altamirano Oyarzún, Tomás Alberto; Ibarra Eliessetch, José Tomás; Martin, Kathy; Bonacic Salas, Cristián
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    Asystole With Propofol and Remifentanil
    (2001) Muñoz Letelier, Hernán Rodrigo; Altermatt Couratier, Fernando Rene
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    BCG-induced cross-protection and development of trained immunity: implication for vaccine design
    (2019) Covián, Camila; Fernández Fierro, Ayleen Lorena; Retamal Díaz, Angello Ricardo; Díaz Acevedo, Fabián Esteban; Vásquez Veloso, Abel; Lay Remolcoi, Margarita Kam-len; Riedel Soria, Claudia; González Muñoz, Pablo Alberto; Bueno Ramírez, Susan; Kalergis Parra, Alexis Mikes
    The Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is a live attenuated tuberculosis vaccine that has the ability to induce non-specific cross-protection against pathogens that might be unrelated to the target disease. Vaccination with BCG reduces mortality in newborns and induces an improved innate immune response against microorganisms other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis, such as Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. Innate immune cells, including monocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, contribute to this non-specific immune protection in a way that is independent of memory T or B cells. This phenomenon associated with a memory-like response in innate immune cells is known as "trained immunity." Epigenetic reprogramming through histone modification in the regulatory elements of particular genes has been reported as one of the mechanisms associated with the induction of trained immunity in both, humans and mice. Indeed, it has been shown that BCG vaccination induces changes in the methylation pattern of histones associated with specific genes in circulating monocytes leading to a "trained" state. Importantly, these modifications can lead to the expression and/or repression of genes that are related to increased protection against secondary infections after vaccination, with improved pathogen recognition and faster inflammatory responses. In this review, we discuss BCG-induced cross-protection and acquisition of trained immunity and potential heterologous effects of recombinant BCG vaccines.
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    Bio-analytical Assay Methods used in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antiretroviral Drugs-A Review
    (2019) Charbe, N.; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Amnerkar, N.; Murtaza, R.; Tambuwala, M.; Clementi, E.
    Background: Several clinical trials, as well as observational statistics, have exhibited that the advantages of antiretroviral [ARV] treatment for humans with Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome HIV/AIDS exceed their risks. Therapeutic drug monitoring [TDM] plays a key role in optimization of ARV therapy. Determination of ARV's in plasma, blood cells, and other biological matrices frequently requires separation techniques capable of high effectiveness, specific selectivity and high sensitivity. High-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] coupled with ultraviolet [UV], Photodiode array detectors [PDA], Mass spectrophotometer [MS] detectors etc. are the important quantitative techniques used for the estimation of pharmaceuticals in biological samples. Objective: This review article is aimed to give an extensive outline of different bio-analytical techniques which have been reported for direct quantitation of ARV's. This article aimed to establish an efficient role played by the TDM in the optimum therapeutic outcome of the ARV treatment. It also focused on establishing the prominent role played by the separation techniques like HPLC and UPLC along with the detectors like UV and Mass in TDM. Methods: TDM is based on the principle that for certain drugs, a close relationship exists between the plasma level of the drug and its clinical effect. TDM is of no value if the relationship does not exist. The analytical methodology employed in TDM should: 1) distinguish similar compounds; 2) be sensitive and precise and 3) is easy to use Results: This review highlights the advancement of the chromatographic techniques beginning from the HPLC-UV to the more advanced technique like UPLC-MS/MS. TDM is essential to ensure adherence, observe viral resistance and to personalize ARV dose regimens. It is observed that the analytical methods like immunoassays and liquid chromatography with detectors like UV, PDA, Florescent, MS, MS/MS and Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-MS/MS have immensely contributed to the clinical outcome of the ARV therapy. Assay methods are not only helping physicians in limiting the side effects and drug interactions but also assisting in monitoring patient's compliance. Conclusion: The present review revealed that HPLC has been the most widely used system irrespective of the availability of more sensitive chromatographic technique like UPLC.
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    Bioactive compounds in Apis mellifera monofloral honeys
    (2021) Viteri Espinoza, Rafael Antonio; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Montenegro Rizzardini, Gloria; Giordano Villatoro, Ady Iveth
    Honey is a natural product with a sweet flavor. Honey is made by the honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) from the nectar of flowers or other plant secretions that are collected near the hive. These products are mixed with bee saliva and stored. Several studies have demonstrated that honey exhibits antioxidant, antimicrobial, nematicidal, antifungal, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. These properties are influenced by the plants from which the secretions are harvested, from the naturally occurring compounds present in the nectar. Studies of the properties and applications of honey have distinguished honey from other natural products due to the presence of certain compounds and due its bioactive properties. The focus of this review is to discuss the identified and isolated compounds from monofloral honey produced by A. mellifera, with specific emphasis on antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of honey and its therapeutic health benefits.
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    Biocatalysts
    (2013) Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Arias, Hugo R.