Capítulos de libros

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Browsing Capítulos de libros by browse.metadata.categoria "Lenguas"

Now showing 1 - 10 of 10
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    Analysing knowledge building through language: a case in Mandarin Chinese
    (2022) Hao, Jing
    Exploring the relationship between theory and practice in Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), this volume offers a state-of-the-art overview of Appliable Linguistics. Featuring both internationally-renowned scholars and rising stars from Argentina, Australia, Austria, Brazil, Chile, Denmark, Indonesia, New Zealand, Singapore and the USA, Appliable Linguistics and Social Semiotics examines the theoretical insights, questions, and developments that have emerged from the application of Systemic Functional theory to a range of fields.
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    Chapter 7 : Functional language typology : a discourse semantic perspective 1
    (Routledge, 2019) Quiroz, Beatriz; Martin, J. R.; Martin, J. R.; Doran, Y. J.; Figueredo, Giacomo
    Butler (2005: 4), in one of his many overviews of the major tenets of ‘functionalism,’ argues that “a functional theory must take fully into account the essential connection between language and (a) cognition and (b) the social and cultural context of language use.” What tends to be elided in these discussions is the place of co-textual relations as we attempt to interface (1) grammar and cognition or (2) grammar and social context. In this chapter we will address this elision from the perspective of discourse semantics, as developed in Systemic Functional Linguistic theory (hereafter SFL). In particular we will focus on some typological issues arising from consideration of the systems of ideation, conjunction, identification, periodicity, appraisal and negotiation as we try to understand how language has been shaped by its use.
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    Chapter 13 : Origin and evolution of human speech : emergence from a trimodal auditory, visual and vocal network
    (2019) Michon Desbiey, Maëva; López Hernández, Vladimir; Aboitiz, Francisco
    In recent years, there have been important additions to the classical model of speech processing as originally depicted by the Broca–Wernicke model consisting of an anterior, productive region and a posterior, perceptive region, both connected via the arcuate fasciculus. The modern view implies a separation into a dorsal and a ventral pathway conveying different kinds of linguistic information, which parallels the organization of the visual system. Furthermore, this organization is highly conserved in evolution and can be seen as the neural scaffolding from which the speech networks originated. In this chapter we emphasize that the speech networks are embedded in a multimodal system encompassing audio-vocal and visuo-vocal connections, which can be referred to an ancestral audio-visuo-motor pathway present in nonhuman primates. Likewise, we propose a trimodal repertoire for speech processing and acquisition involving auditory, visual and motor representations of the basic elements of speech: phoneme, observation of mouth movements, and articulatory processes. Finally, we discuss this proposal in the context of a scenario for early speech acquisition in infants and in human evolution.
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    Efectos de la barrera lingüística en estudiantes niños y adolescentes no hispanohablantes en la escuela pública chilena.
    (2021) Toledo Vega, Gloria
    La siguiente investigación atiende a la inmersión académica y social de niños y adolescentes no hispanohablantes en la escuela pública chilena, considerando la ausencia de políticas públicas para la enseñanza-aprendizaje del español como lengua adicional en dicho contexto. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar de qué manera la barrera idiomática afecta a escolares niños y adolescentes en la escuela, para lo cual se recolectó información mediante revisión bibliográfica y entrevistas a profesores, expertos y escolares hispanohablantes y no hispanohablantes. A partir de estas entrevistas se realizó un análisis de contenido que muestra la importancia de la lengua de acogida para la mejor inmersión de escolares inmigrantes no hispanohablantes en Chile, especialmente en el caso de los adolescentes. Este hallazgo evidencia la necesidad de políticas públicas que atiendan el problema de la brecha idiomática de escolares migrantes en Chile y de un mayor involucramiento a nivel de Estado, con un mayor enfoque en la educación de los escolares migrantes no hispanohablantes.
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    Experiential cryptotypes : reasoning about process type 1
    (Routledge, 2019) Quiroz, Beatriz; Martin, J. R.; Doran, Y. J.; Figueredo, Giacomo
    Conceptualizing how language construes experience has been a pervasive thread through the modern history of linguistics. This chapter explores how we can describe languages models of experience through a focus on the reasoning underlying an explicit account of process types in SFL. It takes seriously the claim developed through Whorf, Gleason, Halliday and Davidse that, cross-linguistically, clausal configurations are based on ‘covert or cryptogrammatical patterns that do not necessarily maintain any explicit markings. In doing so, it makes clear a method based on the interdependency of system and structure, known as axial argumentation, that enables description to move beyond unsystematic interpretations of the meanings of isolated items such as work classifying verb types based on their ‘lexical meaning. In doing so, this method offers a path toward responsibly accounting for the agnation patterns, structural configurations and discourse semantic realizations that underpin grammatical organization. This approach is illustrated by exploring the cryptogrammar of ‘sensing in Chilean Spanish, with a particular focus on the covert patterns that are key for distinguishing mental processes from other experiential types in this language.
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    Interpersonal Grammar in Spanish
    (Cambridge University Press, 2021) Quiroz, Beatriz
    This chapter develops a carefully reasoned analysis of Spanish resources enacting the negotiability of propositions and proposals. Following a review of the ways in which English and French structure the negotiability of moves in conversation, the chapter turns to Spanish – demonstrating that it is the Predicator function, realised by verbal group resources, that manages the negotiability of the clause (with respect to those resources ‘most at risk’ in the exchange). The chapter shows that functions such as Subject or Finite have no place in the interpersonal grammar of a Spanish clause and closes with an overview of basic negotiatory structures in Romance languages, from the perspective of functional language typology.
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    ¿Lenguaje para todes?
    (Editorial Catalonia, 2020) Meneses, Alejandra
    En el 2018 ha resurgido el debate sobre el lenguaje inclusivo. Nuevamente, las y los universitarios chilenos se han movilizado para dar voz y vida, esta vez, a una nueva versión del movimiento feminista. En los petitorios se ha demandado el uso de un "lenguaje inclusivo", en particular, no sexista. Estamos, sin duda, viviendo transformaciones sociales y culturales notables que problematizan la construcción de la identidad a partir de sistema formal binario hombre-mujer. Como plantean Stahlberg, Braun, Irmen y Sczesny (2007), el debate sobre una lengua no sexista no es un tema actual, sino que se ha sostenido por más de treinta años y convoca no solo a la lingüística sino también a disciplinas de las ciencias sociales tales como la sociología, la antropología, la etnografía, entre otras. Valdivia (2019) señala que la cuestión del lenguaje inclusivo "trata de políticas de identidad que atraviesan y cuestionan esencialismos basales de nuestras sociedades patriarcales. Es la demanda por el derecho de ser nombrada y, por lo tanto, de existir. Esto en el entendido del poder y potencia constructiva y performática del lenguaje".
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    Reflexives and intensifiers in word-formations with auto-: a historical perspective
    (2017) Orqueda, Verónica Mariel; Squadrito, Karem.
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    Twenty Years of Research on Reading and Writing in Latin American Higher Education: Lessons Learned from the ILEES Initiative
    (The Wac Clearinghouse, 2023) Ávila Reyes, Natalia; Narváez Cardona, Elizabeth; Navarro, Federico