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- ItemHumildad y magnanimidad: Fray Luis de León frente a Aristóteles y Tomás de Aquino(Eunsa, 2011) Orrego Sánchez, Santiago
- ItemIntroduction - Exploring avenues for the transformation of teaching and learning English in Chile(Taylor and Francis, 2024) Barahona, Malba; Veliz, Leonardo; Darwin, Stephen; Barahona, Malba; Veliz, Leonardo; Darwin, StephenThis chapter introduces the context and key issues explored in the book, providing a critical overview of each of the chapters. It begins by outlining the historical and contemporary landscape of English language teaching (ELT) in Chile, and then moving to consider how English was integrated into the national curriculum. A critical reality—the persistent socio-economic disparities affecting language acquisition and proficiency—is considered in the context of the persistence of neoliberal educational policies that have led to pronounced levels of school segregation and inequitable resource allocation. Reflecting on the inequities and social injustices in English language education, the chapter details the editors’ collective commitment in developing the volume to critically analysing contemporary ELT practices and exploring prospective opportunities for transformative change. The chapter emphasises that this work can act as a potential catalyst for practitioners, educators, and scholars to use these insights, experiences, and innovations to foster critical dialogue on curriculum, policy, and pedagogical practices with an orientation toward transformative change.
- ItemLooking from the outside in: Action research in initial language teacher education(Taylor and Francis, 2024) Barahona, Malba; Darwin, Stephen; Burns, Anne; Dikilitaş, Kenan© 2025 selection and editorial matter, Anne Burns and Kenan Dikilitas. All rights reserved.In this chapter, we critically explore the potential of action research (AR) for initial language teacher education programmes. In considering the foundations of AR, we assess how these relate to the challenges faced by pre-service teachers as they seek to navigate the language classroom. One of the key challenges we identify is the pre-service teacher as the 'outsider' and the dynamic this creates in building trust and change, often under the already difficult pressures of practicum teaching experiences. Further, using a case study from Latin America, we argue that the democratic-collaborative foundations of AR are also not necessarily suited to all teaching environments, particularly those where more vertical, directive forms of education practice prevail, and teaching conditions are highly challenging. We conclude the chapter by offering some critical questions for teacher educators to consider in designing pre-service teacher research and encourage a more nuanced understanding of the value of situated research for initial language teacher education.
- ItemFruit Firmness and Fruit Retention Strength in Raspberry Cultivars in Chile(2002) Bañados Ortiz, Maria Pilar; Zoffoli Guerra, Juan Pablo; Soto, A.; González, J.; Brennan, R. M.; Gordon, S. L.; Williamson, B.Raspberries have a short shelf life, which limits their fresh market potential. Fruit firmness is one of the most important characteristics for a fresh market cultivar, which is related to both the stage of maturity and the variety itself. Fruit retention strength define as the tension force needed to remove the receptacle from the fruit, decreases as fruit mature, and it is also cultivar dependent. The objectives of this work were to evaluate fruit firmness and fruit retention strength in 14 raspberry cultivars in Chile, and also to examine some morphological changes that occur during the fresh-frozen-thaw cycles fruits at the cellular level. To do these fresh berries were harvested at 3 different maturity stages: pink-red, red-ripe and over-ripe (processing ripe). Fruit firmness was measured using a Texture Expert TA-XT2 with a 2 mm embol. Fruit strength was measured with an adaptation of a Dindometer, an instrument that registers the tension force needed to remove the receptacle from the fruit. Electron microscopy was used to examine changes at cellular level between fresh and freeze-thaw berries in three cultivars. We found that in all 14 cultivars fruit firmness decreased with maturity. The largest differences in fruit firmness among cultivars were established at early stages of maturity. The firmest cultivar at pink-red stage was 'Chilliwack' (1.23 N), followed by 'Tulameen' (0.91 N), 'Heritage' (0.73 N) and 'Skeena' (0.68 N). 'Autumn Bliss' was the softest cultivar (0.24 N). Fruit strength also decreased as fruit matured in all 14 cultivars. In this case larger differences among them were also established at pink-red stage. 'Amity' (6.9 N) and 'Fallgold' (6.22 N) required higher amounts of force to remove the receptacle, producing in many cases broken fruits with missing drupelets. 'Yellow Meeker' (1.61 N) and 'Heritage' (2.12 N) had the lowest retention force, and therefore are the easiest cultivars to pick at early stages of maturity. Cellular dehydration was observed in 'Tulameen' after a freeze-thaw cycle. 'Heritage' showed cell dehydration and partial damaged on its epidermis. In 'Amity' a general plasmolysis was observed after a freeze-thaw cycle. Fruit firmness was not necessarily associated with morphological changes of individually quick frozen (IQF) berries. There are probably some physical characteristics of the epidermis of the fruit in the different cultivars that make some cultivars more susceptible to damage during the freeze-thaw process.
- ItemPostharvest Biology and Handling for Fresh Markets(CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT, 2017) Zoffoli, Juan Pablo; Toivonen, Peter; Wang, Yan