Artículos de conferencia

Permanent URI for this collection

https://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/23156

Browse

Now showing 1 - 15 of 15

Analysis of Emergency Room Episodes Duration Through Process Mining
(2019) Rojas, Eric; Cifuentes Soto, Andrés Alonso; Burattin, A.; Muñoz Gama, Jorge; Sepúlveda, Marcos; Capurro, Daniel
This study presents the proposal of a performance analysis method for ER Processes through Process Mining. This method helps to determine which activities, sub-processes, interactions and characteristics of episodes explain why the process has long episode duration, besides providing decision makers with additional information that will help to decrease waiting times, reduce patient congestion and increment quality of provided care. By applying the exposed method to a case study, it was discovered that when a loop is formed between the Examination and Treatment sub-processes, the episode duration lengthens. Moreover, the relationship between case severity and the number of repetitions of the Examination-Treatment loop was also studied. As the case severity increases, the number of repetitions increases as well.
Application of MM5/CALMET/CAMx in Santiago, Chile
(2003) Jorquera, Héctor; Castro, Julio; Escobar, Jaime; Jakobs, Hermann
The Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) has been applied to two summer photochemical episodes in the greater metro area of Santiago, Chile. It is shown that the CAMx model predicts reasonably well the spatial gradients of gaseous pollutants and the weekly cycle of variation for CO and NOx. The emission estimates for CO seem to be quite on agreement with actual emissions in 2000. NOx emissions are more appropriate for the 1998 scenario, whereas for 2000 they seem to overestimate actual emissions, so the mobile sources emission factors need to be verified. The SO2 simulations indicate that there relevant sources not accounted for in the inventory. There are problems with the VOC emissions for the area sources, because the model predictions for ozone are quite below what is being observed, for all network stations in 1998, a scenario with reliable NOx simulated levels. For the 2000 scenario, this problem is worsened because of excessive ozone scavenging. When we use the results of a comprehensive VOC campaign to produce a synthetic VOC profile of emissions for the whole city, simulated ozone gets closer to ambient measurements for the 1998 scenario. For the 2000 scenario, the overestimation in the simulated NOx levels is large enough to prevent any significant ozone sensitivity with respect to VOC increases. All things considered, CAMx has passed the "proof of the concept" for studying photochemical episodes at Santiago, Chile. The major sources of uncertainty are the emission inventory estimates for NOx and VOC. As a second source of uncertainty, meteorology was not properly represented on the second half of the January 1998 episode, and there are some problems with the stations closer to the Andes foothills overnight, particularly regarding ozone nocturnal profiles, that deserve further research.
Clinical processes and its data, what can we do with them?
(2015) Rojas, Eric; Arias, Michael; Sepúlveda Fernández, Marcos Ernesto
Global healthcare services have evolved over time, and nowadays they are expected to follow high-quality optimized standards. Analyzing healthcare processes has become a relevant field of study, and different techniques and tools have been developed to promote improvements in the efficiency and effectiveness of these processes. There is a research field called process mining that can be used to extract knowledge from the event data stored in the hospital information systems. With the help of this, it is possible to discover the real executed process, examine its performance and analyze the resource interaction during its execution. The goal of this article is to provide a bibliographic survey about the use of process mining algorithms, techniques, and tools in the analysis of healthcare processes, providing a general overview about the main approaches previously used and the information required to apply them in the medical field. We provide important insights about data, algorithms, techniques and methodologies that are required to help answer medical expert questions about their processes, motivating and inspiring a broader usage. So, if we have the information and it is possible to analyze and understand the healthcare processes, why are we not doing it?
Comparison of indoor and outdoor air quality in latino communities in Peru, Chile, and USA
(International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, 2015) Champion, Wyatt M.; Barraza Saavedra, Francisco Javier; Jorquera, Héctor; Montoya, Lupita D.
The air quality inside and outside the homes of three Latino communities (rural Peru, urban Chile and suburban USA) was compared in this study. Filter samples were collected and analysed for fine mass (PM2.5) and elemental and organic carbon (ECOC). An optical particle sensor was used in lieu of filter samples for PM2.5 mass in Peru. Results indicated that rural Peruvian homes burning dung for heating and cooking had the highest average level of PM2.5 indoors (140 μg/m3) and relatively clean outdoor air. Urban Chilean homes had a lower average indoor PM2.5 concentration (22 μg/m3), while suburban USA homes showed elevated concentrations of PM2.5 indoors (7.0 μg/m3) compared to outdoors, but lower indoor levels than the other two communities studied.
Constructive standards for adapted thermal performance of educational buildings in Chile
(2012) Ossio Castillo, Felipe Antonio; Veas Pérez, Leonardo; Herde, André de
in the last years, there has been growing concerns on the impact of the conditions of comfort, on the performance of the students in educational buildings. Research has provided evidence that when the quality of indoor environment increases, there are positive impacts on productivity and reducing of absenteeism, among others benefits for the students and teachers. The quality of indoor environment depends, to a great extent, on the thermal behavior of the building. This behavior is determined, in turn, by the constructive characteristics. However, there is a lack of Chilean regulations to determine how more than 12,000 educational buildings should perform with regards to constructive characteristics in order to guarantee suitable quality indoor environment and comfort to their users. This study is based on the measurements performed, during winter and summer, to a school located in the Chilean Patagonia. At this school, the U-value and the air infiltrations of the envelope were experimentally measured. The thermal comfort was measured, according to the methodology proposed by Fanger. With this data, the theoretical energy consumption necessary to reach suitable levels of comfort were determined by means of a simplified method. Later, using the simplified method the power consumption, in other 3 climatic zones of the country was determined. The work concludes with recommendations of minimum standards for the educational dwellings with regards to their constructive characteristics which guarantee a suitable comfort of their users for the 4 climatic zones of Chile.
Hybrid OSC-RL Control for Task Optimization of Dual-Arm Robots
(2024) Galarce Acevedo, Patricio; Torres Torriti, Miguel Attilio
In this work we present a strategy to solve the task optimization problem for dual-arm mobile manipulators in the context of agricultural tasks. The strategy combines a Reinforcement Learning (RL) agent with a low-level Operational Space Controller (OSC). The agent is responsible for motion planning, as well as compensatory torque computation. Preliminary results obtained through physically accurate simulation using MuJoCo show that the method proposed achieves a higher task success rate in task completion.
IAP: mediación tecnológica entre los usuarios y sus problemáticas en los territorios (poster)
(2023) Vera Álvarez, Rodrigo Andrés; Mollenhauer Gajardo, Katherine Alexandra; Truffello Robledo, Ricardo Enrique; Encinas Pino, Felipe Alfonso
La investigación tiene como objetivo principal diseñar un instrumento de investigación interdisciplinario que facilite la recopilación de información empírica de manera participativa sobre problemáticas complejas, fenómenos y nuevas dinámicas emergentes. Los objetivos específicos incluyen la determinación de la falta de datos sobre el fenómeno desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria, la identificación de métodos cuantitativos utilizados en la planificación urbana y en el diseño de servicios que puedan integrarse en un instrumento interdisciplinario, la creación de un prototipo de dicho instrumento que combine métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos desde la perspectiva del diseño de servicios y la planificación urbana, y finalmente, la prueba de la eficacia del instrumento en la recopilación participativa de información empírica sobre problemáticas complejas, fenómenos y nuevas dinámicas emergentes a través de un proceso iterativo.
Logical Design Matrix (LDM): How to operationalize systemic projectual design thinking in complex contexts.
(AHFE Open Access, 2023) Mollenhauer Gajardo, Katherine Alexandra; Del Rio Alemparte, Cala; Rodriguez Birke, Javiera Daniela; Bianchi Schlotfeld, Daniela Francisca; Riveros Torres Sara Belen; Karwowski, Waldemar
Native wood revaluation through green gluing: a systemic review
(2022) Rodríguez Grau, Gonzalo; Pinto González, Francisca; Cortés Rodríguez, Patricio; Marín Uribe, Carlos Rodolfo; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Construcción Civil; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Bibliotecas UC
The objective of this study is to identify more representative variables that can be considered during the gluing process of wood from native forests in Chile with the green gluing technique, given that it has the potential to produce structural elements for the construction industry from fine woods that are currently undervalued. In order to do so, the methodology consisted of applying a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and a bibliometric mapping of scientific publications (2000-2019) indexed in the Scopus database. As a result of the analysis, 3 thematic lines were established: "Environmental Impact", "Performance" and "Variable-Influenced Performance". Based on these lines, the most representative variables that determine the production of wet glue laminated wood, were extracted. These identified variables will be the basis for the elaboration of a green gluing methodology that has been adapted to the native timber gluing process.
Neural network model for maximum ozone concentration prediction
(1996) Acuña, Gonzalo; Jorquera, Héctor; Pérez, Ricardo
A neural network dynamic model was used for predicting maximum ozone (O3) concentration at Santiago de Chile. Learning and test data were collected during summer and springtime periods of 1990, 1992 and 1993. A neural network having O3 t, Tt+1 (maximum air temperature) and Tt as inputs for predicting O3 t+1 was chosen because of its low test error. This neural network model greatly reduces the error coming from a pure persistence model when applied to the generalization set of data (1994). Long-term predictions results confirm the good concordance obtained between the observed and forecasted values thus showing the adequacy of neural networks to model the dynamics of this complex environmental phenomena.
On the Accuracy of Eikonal Approximations in Cardiac Electrophysiology in the Presence of Fibrosis
(Springer, 2023) Gander, Lia; Krause, Rolf; Weiser, Martin; Sahli Costabal, Francisco; Pezzuto, Simone
Fibrotic tissue is one of the main risk factors for cardiac arrhythmias. It is therefore a key component in computational studies. In this work, we compare the monodomain equation to two eikonal models for cardiac electrophysiology in the presence of fibrosis. We show that discontinuities in the conductivity field, due to the presence of fibrosis, introduce a delay in the activation times. The monodomain equation and eikonal-diffusion model correctly capture these delays, contrarily to the classical eikonal equation. Importantly, a coarse space discretization of the monodomain equation amplifies these delays, even after accounting for numerical error in conduction velocity. The numerical discretization may also introduce artificial conduction blocks and hence increase propagation complexity. Therefore, some care is required when comparing eikonal models to the discretized monodomain equation.
PALIA-ER: Bringing question-driven process mining closer to the emergency room
(2017) Rojas, Eric; Fernández-Llatas, Carlos; Traver, Vicente; Muñoz-Gama, Vicente; Sepúlveda, Marcos; Herskovic, Valeria; Capurro, Daniel
This paper presents PALIA-ER, a web-based tool for question-driven process mining in Emergency Room. PALIA-ER uses Palia discovery algorithm and includes model simplification and filtering features specially domain-specific for ER. Most PALIA-ER functionalities can be easily applied to other interdisciplinary contexts such as other healthcare units, education, or logistics.
Semantics and validation of recursive SHACL
(Springer Verlag, 2018) Corman, Julien; Reutter de la Maza, Juan; Savković, Ognjen
With the popularity of RDF as an independent data model came the need for specifying constraints on RDF graphs, and for mechanisms to detect violations of such constraints. One of the most promising schema languages for RDF is SHACL, a recent W3C recommendation. Unfortunately, the specification of SHACL leaves open the problem of validation against recursive constraints. This omission is important because SHACL by design favors constraints that reference other ones, which in practice may easily yield reference cycles. In this paper, we propose a concise formal semantics for the so-called “core constraint components” of SHACL. This semantics handles arbitrary recursion, while being compliant with the current standard. Graph validation is based on the existence of an assignment of SHACL “shapes” to nodes in the graph under validation, stating which shapes are verified or violated, while verifying the targets of the validation process. We show in particular that the design of SHACL forces us to consider cases in which these assignments are partial, or, in other words, where the truth value of a constraint at some nodes of a graph may be left unknown. Dealing with recursion also comes at a price, as validating an RDF graph against SHACL constraints is NP-hard in the size of the graph, and this lower bound still holds for constraints with stratified negation. Therefore we also propose a tractable approximation to the validation problem.
The Fibrotic Kernel Signature: Simulation-Free Prediction of Atrial Fibrillation
(2023) Sahli Costabal, Francisco; Banduc, Tomás; Gander, Lia; Pezzuto, Simone
We propose a fast classifier that is able to predict atrial fibrillation inducibility in patient-specific cardiac models. Our classifier is general and it does not require re-training for new anatomies, fibrosis patterns, and ablation lines. This is achieved by training the classifier on a variant of the Heat Kernel Signature (HKS). Here, we introduce the “fibrotic kernel signature” (FKS), which extends the HKS by incorporating fibrosis information. The FKS is fast to compute, when compared to standard cardiac models like the monodomain equation. We tested the classifier on 9 combinations of ablation lines and fibrosis patterns. We achieved maximum balanced accuracies with the classifiers ranging from 75.8% to 95.8%, when tested on single points. The classifier is also able to predict very well the overall inducibility of the model. We think that our classifier can speed up the calculation of inducibility maps in a way that is crucial to create better personalized ablation treatments within the time constraints of the clinical setting.
Using blogs as a skill development tool for construction management students
(2010) Latorre Benavides, M. Verónica; Riley, Michael J.; Ossio Castillo, Felipe Antonio
Information and communication technologies (ICTs) offer a growing range of teaching and learning tools. This paper explores the use of blogging as a means of achieving a greater understanding of teaching and learning, and the impact ICTs can have on professional practice. This research has been developed with a group of final year construction management students, and is presented here in two stages. The first stage enabled the cohort to explore the scope of blogging as a tool for learning through reflection, and the second stage was designed to measure the impact this blogging forum had in facilitating the development of skills, particularly those in high demand by the construction industry. This study identifies which interventions are perceived as most relevant by the cohort as a means of developing skills. Results also indicate that the blogging platform format influences the impact blogging may produce. Collected data shows that undergraduate students perceive they improve their critical, analytical and communicational skills; however they don't perceive they have learned or that better prepares them for professional practice. Students conceive blogging as having potential far beyond the objectives of the curricula.

Browse

Browsing Artículos de conferencia by browse.metadata.categoria "Tecnología"

Results Per Page

Sort Options