Artículos de conferencia

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Architectural design strategies based on experimental analysis in office buildings in Santiago, Chile.
(2012) Bustamante Gómez, Waldo; Encinas Pino, Felipe; Vásquez Z., Claudio; Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo
Building a geographic data repository for urban research with free software - Learning from Observatorio.Cedeus.cl
(2017) Steiniger, Stefan; De La Fuente, H.; Fuentes, C.; Barton Jonathan Richard; Muñoz Abogabir, Juan Carlos; CEDEUS (Chile)
The recent trend towards open data and open science as well as a demand for holistic and interdisciplinary research requires platforms that allow the distribution and exchange of research data, including geographic information. While the requirements and benefits of data exchange are widely discussed, there are few proposals on how to implement data platforms that not only permit the exchange of research data among researchers, but also permit to distribute research results and data to the interest public. We elaborate what points are important for implementing a (geographic) data repository and propose then to adopt the concept of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) as a solution for the implementation of research data repositories. We present as a case study the geographic data and document repository of the Chilean research Centre on Sustainable Urban Development (CEDEUS), the CEDEUS Observatory. Besides the infrastructure to host and distribute data, communication tools are an important component of such a data repository service. For this case study we analyse which things have worked well and which things have not worked well based on the experiences collected during three years of operation. We close with some recommendations for the implementation of data repositories for research.
Designing and worlding: prototyping equivocal encounters
Hermansen Ulibarri, Pablo Ignacio; Tironi Rodo, Martin Carlos; CEDEUS (Chile)
To sustainably coexist with other ontologies, human beings must overcome the perception of being the center of the world. This article describes how a video log refuted the initial – anthropocentric – hypothesis explaining the breakdown of an experiment with Judy and Gombe, chimpanzees that inhabit the National Zoo of Chile. This shows that it is wrong to ascribe human affects and reactions to other ontologies, and also that there is a long way to go to apprehend, comprehend, and sustainable coexist with other ontologies in more-than-human ecosystems.
Determination of modal properties and FE model updating of the Metropolitan Cathedral of Santiago de Chile
(2016) Torres, W.; Almazán Campillay, José Luis; Sandoval Mandujano, Cristián; Boroschek, R.
Development and Operationalisation of Local Sustainability Indicators - A Global South Perspective on Data Challenges and Opportunities for GIScience
(Schloss Dagstuhl- Leibniz-Zentrum fur Informatik GmbH, Dagstuhl Publishing, 2023) Steiniger, Stefan; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Truffello Robledo, Ricardo Enrique; Barton Jonathan, Richard
Evaluating and monitoring the sustainable development of nations and cities requires sets of indicators. Such indicator sets should measure equity, health, environmental, or governmental progress or recess - among other sustainability aspects. In 2015 the United Nations ratified 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) assessed through 231 indicators. However, other - local - sets of indicators have been developed too. In this paper we review geodata challenges that emerged when we developed four sustainability indicator sets in Chile. Faced challenges include (geo)data availability and data representativeness, among others. We analyse how GIScience knowledge has contributed to indicator development and outline three priority research topics: (i) updating indicators based on automated processes, while respecting representativeness, (ii) tools for planning scenario generation, and (iii) methods for short- and long-term forecasting.
Doing and Undoing Post-Anthropocentric Design
(2022) Jonsson, Li; Tironi Rodo, Martin Carlos; Hermansen Ulibarri, Pablo Ignacio; Wilkie, Alex
The chairs' introductory editorial for the theme track 'Doing and Undoing Post-Anthropocentric Design'.
Implementing the New Urban Agenda: a platform of Sustainable Urban Design Interventions (IDUS) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)
(2018) Greene Zuñiga, Margarita; Mora, Rodrígo; Hermida, M. Augusta; Monteiro,Circe; Villarreal, Amado; Pinto, Patricio X.; Arriagada, Camilo; Herrmann, Geraldine; Inzulza, Jorge; Wagemann, Elizabeth
With the aim of supporting the implementation of the NUA agreed at Habitat III, the Network of Sustainable Urban Development for Latin America and the Caribbean, REDEUS_LAC, aimed at selecting, disseminating and, where possible, monitoring Sustainable Urban Design Interventions (IDUS, for its acronym in Spanish) in the LAC Region. Aware of the complexity of determining the sustainability of urban interventions of different scale and scope, an international group of fifteen members of REDEUS_LAC with different experience -academics from social areas, urban planners, architects, economists, together with professionals from public and private sector organizations- have devised a peer review and evaluation system. The design of such a system involved discussing both the traditional definitions of the term 'sustainable development' as well as the 'resilience' perspective to urban space. The consensual decision was to consider four dimensions –socio cultural, environmental, governance and economic– which were subsequently operationalized in 17 attributes. A rubric was designed considering that each blind evaluator qualifies them by awarding points and stars by dimension. Thus, a digital IDUS platform with two or more stars is built. This also considers the possibility that, later, comments and opinions regarding the subsequent sustainability of the work will be added, enriching the state of the art and promoting open and informed debate to all the sectors involved in the construction of the city. The proposed article describes the sustainability evaluation system: the data matrix to post IDUS on the platform, the rubric, and the categorizations/typologies of IDUS determined up to now. Finally, as an example, three cases are presented according to their scale and type with their respective evaluations: one 'local replicable' IDUS, another 'city unique', and finally a 'metropolitan/regional strategy' IDUS implemented in LAC.
La época de la imagen del mundo en movimiento
(Fórum Internacional de Comunicación y Relaciones públicas (Fórum XXI), 2019) Alexandre Moya, Marcela Pilar; Martínez Fernández, Pablo
La Locura en el Reyno de Chile
(2017) Alexandre Moya, Marcela Pilar
Locura en el Reyno de Chile
(2019) Alexandre Moya, Marcela Pilar
Modern Architecture historiography and Latin America: postcolonial challenges to overcome silences and biases
(Docomomo, 2022) Zein, Ruth Verde; Torrent, Horacio
In a seminal article published in 1999 Sybel Bozdogan reflects on the pressing postcolonial challenges of the architectural history field, asking for adequate ways to “expose the biases and exclusions of the western canon without discarding it altogether, and how to “include the hitherto excluded and marginalized ‘others’ without either neutralizing their differences or essentializing these differences into incommensurable and timeless categories. Two decades later these are still open questions. This paper addresses the importance of debating ways to “resist the naturalization of differences by a [hypocritical] benign inclusion arguing that expanding the field should be much more than just the indulgent act of allowing ‘others’ to have their ‘peripheral place’. It briefly considers the inception and usefulness of the historiographical category “Latin American Architecture” the risks of its use in global debates, and how the plurality may become a mild inclusion and not an effective instrument of change of the status quo. It suggests ways to establish proper paths to fulfil the postcolonial challenge of building a comprehensive planetar.
Neruda in construction: An analysis of his Chilean houses
(2015) De Holanda, Frederico; De França, Franciney Carreiro; Greene Zuniga Margarita
Isla Negra, Michoacán, La Chascona and La Sebastiana are the names that the Chilean Nobel lauret poet, Pablo Neruda, used to refer to his houses. Neruda build his houses, he named them and wrote poetry to them. The names, as the houses, are full of charm and mystery and seem to evoke many things: a territory, a location or a tribute to a woman. The proposition in this paper is that through their construction Neruda offered us not only a rich collection of original and somewhat eclectic edifices and an insight to his rich life, but also a set of buildings that were carefully thought and built in search of a perfect combination of 'creative individual' and 'collective social' space. This was done through multiple interventions to his houses that can be best understood through a configurational analysis of the different construction stages. The many studies carried out on Pablo Neruda's houses, have privileged the analysis and description of each space as separate entities, their particular history, their individual meaning, not aiming at a global spatial perspective and the configurational aspects have not been explored. By contrast, this paper is based in the historiography of Pablo Neruda's houses, and how he planned and built their expansion. A study of their spatial configuration is put forward. It aims at unveiling the deeper significance of each house from a systemic perspective, and even more of the set of houses understood as a particular Nerudian way of living in space. Although different in terms of volume and form, the houses express a rich spatial language of its own creator. Neruda was not only the owner or occupant, but interfered directly in the design of these spaces. The result is a set of homes that are able to enchant by their idiosyncrasies, by the mix of materials, and especially due to their spatial connections. The paper is part of a post-doctorate research in progress, using the space syntax theory and methodology. The theory is able to reveal a spatial language; the space convex methodology was used and the graphs of permeability, depth and integration measure revealed how the houses have become the Nerudian space. The approach was essential to: i) study each house and its particular process of expansion or alteration; ii) analyze them as a set, comparing the final version of each house with one another. The result is a spatial concept with a clear intention of establishing multiple connections from the outside, creating a shallower structure in Isla Negra and Michoacán or a deeper structure in La Se-bastiana and La Chascona. In all of them, Neruda's private workspace, the space of his creation, can be described as a segregated and isolated tower, while the collective social area occupied shallow spaces, often connected to the exterior. In fact, not surprisingly, Neruda challenged social conventions in his distribution of the private and public functions.
Regression-Based Inductive Reconstruction of Shell Auxetic Structures
(2023) Vivanco Larraín, Tomas; Ojeda Valenzuela, Juan Eduardo; Yuan, Philip; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Diseño; Tongji University; Technical University Darmstadt
This article presents the design process for generating a shell-like structure from an activated bent auxetic surface through an inductive process based on applying deep learning algorithms to predict a numeric value of geometrical features. The process developed under the Material Intelligence Workflow applied to the development of (1) a computational simulation of the mechanical and physical behaviour of an activated auxetic surface, (2) the generation of a geometrical dataset composed of six geometric features with 3,000 values each, (3) the construction and training of a regression Deep Neuronal Network (DNN) model, (4) the prediction of the geometric feature of the auxetic surface's pattern distance, and (5) the reconstruction of a new shell based on the predicted value. This process consistently reduces the computational power and simulation time to produce digital prototypes by integrating AI-based algorithms into material computation design processes.
Retrofitting strategies for social housing buildings in different climate conditions.: The Corvi 1010-1020 block type in three Chilean cities
(MDPI Open Access Journals, 2018) Bustamante Gómez, Waldo; Schmitt Rivera, Cristián; Bunster Milnes, Víctor Andrés; Martínez Torres, María Paula; Chateau Gannon, Francisco; CEDEUS (Chile)
Currently, less than 2% of the residential building stock in Chile meets minimum of thermal performance conditions while the current approach to social housing development has proved incapable of ensuring appropriate living standards. Demolishing housing blocks to replace them with new buildings is economically inefficient, environmentally damaging and socially unacceptable, as these structures represent an opportunity to renovate and upgrade existing buildings without disrupting consolidated communities. This ongoing research focuses on renovating the CORVI 1010-1020 housing blocks, a building type that was massively built across the country between 1968 and 1978. Today it is possible to find more than 2,000 units of this type of building—with no significant design variations—throughout Chile, hence between latitudes 18°S and 53°S of extremely diverse climates. This paper analyses the impact of different energy retrofitting strategies in the thermal performance of these emblematic housing estates. Accordingly, building energy simulation is used to evaluate three scenarios, i.e., the original design without changes, a retrofitting proposal focused on meeting current thermal code requirements, and an expansion proposal aimed at increasing both thermal performance and life quality conditions. In order to assess the performance of these scenarios, the simulations focused on three cities with contrasting climatic conditions, i.e., hot-arid (Arica, 18°27'S), Mediterranean (Santiago, 33°27′S) and tundra (Punta Arenas, 53°08′S). Operational energy demand, accumulated hours of thermal discomfort, and payback time periods are considered for comparative analysis. Whereas the results evidence that the cost-effectiveness of the proposed alternatives increases in colder climatic conditions dependant on space heating; overall, this study demonstrates that the retrofitting of these social housing buildings can help achieving significant heating and cooling energy savings as well as improving indoor thermal comfort conditions.
Structural feasibility of timber-structured vertical expansions for social housing buildings in Chile
(World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE), 2018) Schmitt Rivera, Cristián; Calderón Díaz, Sebastián Andrés; Cárcamo Chávez, Sebastián; Sandoval Mandujano, Cristián; Chateau Gannon, Francisco; Martínez Torres, María Paula
In this paper, the structural feasibility of expanding existing social housing buildings structured in reinforced concrete (RC) using timber structures is investigated. For this purpose, a 4-story housing block massively built throughout Chile - known as CORVI 1010 housing block-is selected as a case study. The proposal considers a 2-story platform frame expansion. The results show that timber-structured expansions have low impact on existing buildings, minimal increase on design stress and that strengthening of the original structure is not required.
The construction of three metropolises a geographic, productive and configurational process
(2017) Figueroa Martinez, Cristhian; Mora, Rodrigo; Greene Zuniga, Margarita
The explosive urban growth in developing countries has often resulted in social and territorial disparities, with zones well-provided with urban services, equipment and amenities for affluent groups and vast areas lacking infrastructure and services populated by the poor. This paper proposes that a configurational analysis of the urban process of metropolitan cities could shed light on the spatial mechanisms behind urban inequality. Specifically, we attempted to analyse (i) the historical urban tendencies related to changing economies and (ii) geographical constrains that determinate the suitable land for urban development. Three Chilean cities (Santiago, Valparaiso and Concepción) accommodate more than half of the national population. For each metropolitan area, a set of historical axial maps was drawn (1875, 1915, 1965 and 2015) that were analysed in relation to the geography and productive activities of the moment. With the global (HH) and local (r3) integrations, the main changes in the urban structures were identified, highlighting the migration of the centres and the characteristics of the most integrated/segregated areas. The trends of urban growth in the three cities evidence a process that starts with a geographic positioning of the city, very much in line with its economic vocation and viability, enhanced by a spatial configuration that potentiates both the geography and the economic potentials of the region. Nevertheless, when economic, social and cultural conditions vary the city adapts, centralities change and develop and in some cases the deep structure of the city changes. The configurational analysis allowed us to understand three very different cases which we believe can be compared and shed light in the development of other cities.

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