Fare evasion on public transport: Who, when, where and how?

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dc.catalogadorgjm
dc.contributor.authorCantillo Torregrosa, Luis Ángel
dc.contributor.authorRaveau Feliú, Sebastián
dc.contributor.authorMuñoz Abogabir, Juan Carlos
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-15T14:48:59Z
dc.date.available2023-06-15T14:48:59Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractTransantiago, the public transport system of Santiago, Chile, has one of the highest fare evasion rates registered worldwide. The official statistics for late 2019 indicated that the evasion rate in bus legs was 26.6% while in metro it was almost 0%. This is a relevant issue due to the impacts of fare evasion on finances and quality of service, as budget constraints put pressure on the transit system. Analysing and understanding fare evasion should be the starting point for proposing solutions that could reduce it. Therefore, in this research we seek to answer the question of who are the evaders, when and where evasion happens and how is the fare evaded on public transport. To answer these questions, extensive data was gathered onboard buses of Transantiago for five full days (19 h a day) of operation, including weekdays and weekend. A total of 10,559 individual records were collected. The information considers age and gender of travellers, and fare evasion was measured in zones of Santiago that are characterised by very different economic conditions. Records also differ in terms of bus occupancy, presence of turnstiles in the buses, and types of stops (with and without off-board payment). Based on the collected information, a Binomial Logit model was calibrated to understand and explain fare evasion, quantifying the effect of different types of explanatory variables. Results show that fare evasion is higher for young men, evening and night periods, low-income neighbourhoods, crowded buses without turnstiles, bus stops without off-board payment and weak accessibility to metro stations and fare vending machines. The model does not only allows the identification of these trends, but is also able to quantify them. Based on the results, potential proposed solutions to tackle evasion are discussed.
dc.description.funderBehavioural Modelling of Public Transport Systems
dc.description.funderBus Rapid Transit Centre of Excellence
dc.description.funderCONICYT
dc.description.funderFONDECYT
dc.description.funderVolvo Research and Educational Foundations
dc.description.funderCentre for Sustainable Urban Development
dc.description.funderFONDAP
dc.fechaingreso.objetodigital2023-06-15
dc.fuente.origenSCOPUS
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.tra.2021.11.027
dc.identifier.issn0965-8564
dc.identifier.scopusids2.0-85123178982
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856421003141
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/73469
dc.identifier.wosidWOS:000787895300007
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Ingeniería; Cantillo Torregrosa, Luis Ángel; S/I; 1020117
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Ingeniería; Raveau Feliú, Sebastián; 0000-0003-2883-6742; 141271
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Ingeniería; Muñoz Abogabir, Juan Carlos; 0000-0003-1775-985X; 75822
dc.language.isoen
dc.nota.accesoContenido parcial
dc.pagina.final295
dc.pagina.inicio285
dc.revistaTransportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice
dc.rightsacceso restringido
dc.subjectFare evasion
dc.subjectIndividual characteristics
dc.subjectLogit model
dc.subjectPublic transport
dc.subjectTransantiago
dc.subjectUnethical behaviour
dc.subject.ods11 Sustainable Cities and Communities
dc.subject.odspa11 Ciudades y comunidades sostenibles
dc.titleFare evasion on public transport: Who, when, where and how?
dc.typeartículo
dc.volumen156
sipa.codpersvinculados1020117
sipa.codpersvinculados141271
sipa.codpersvinculados75822
sipa.indexSCOPUS
sipa.indexWOS
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