The Superiority of Universals Over Classes of Tropes
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Date
2020
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Abstract
The second alternative to universals that is considered in this work is the ontology of classes of tropes. Defenders of these ontologies have sustained that classes of tropes are free from the problems that affect resemblance nominalism while still evading universal entities. It is argued here that these supposed advantages are illusory. Resemblance classes of tropes have the same difficulties of resemblance classes of objects, because the relation of resemblance relevant is also in this case ‘external’ to tropes. Besides, an ontology of tropes without universals is inadequate for an actualist modal metaphysics. If resemblance classes of tropes are substituted with ‘natural’ classes, the situation does not improve.
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Primitive facts of resemblance, Inductive practices, Resemblance classes of module tropes, Modal metaphysics, Objections against transcendent universals, Transcendent universals