Longitudinal association between social jetlag, adiposity, and body composition: Sex differences from adolescence to young adulthood
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Objective: Social jetlag (SJL) refers to the misalignment between the internal biological and social timing and has been associated with obesity and metabolic disorders. The primary aim of this study was to assess the relationship of SJL, adiposity, and body composition from adolescence to young adulthood. We propose that this association differs according to sex. Methods: A total of 525 adolescents who completed all the procedures in adolescence and adulthood (SJL, anthropometric, and body composition measures) were included in this longitudinal study. Changes in adiposity and body composition (BMI, waist and hip circumferences, waist:hip ratio, waist:height ratio, and fat mass and lean mass percentages) from adolescence to young adulthood were examined according to SJL in adolescence. Results: In females, SJL was associated with BMI z-score (β = 0.13, p < .01), hip circumference (β = 0.97, p < .05), and fat mass (β = 0.38, p < .05) and lean mass (β = − 0.36, p < .05) percentages in adolescence. Longitudinal analysis revealed that SJL in adolescence was related to fat mass (β = 0.59, p < .05) and lean mass percentage (β = − 0.57, p < .05), waist:height ratio (β = 0.59, p < .05), and waist (β = 0.98, p < .01) and hip (β = 0.76, p < .05) circumferences in adult women. No significant results were found for males in the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that SJL is associated with adverse changes in adiposity and body composition from adolescence to young adulthood in females.
Description
Keywords
Adiposity and body composition, Adolescence, Social jetlag, Young adulthood