Work Status, Financial Stress, Family Problems, and Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Depression in Chile

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dc.catalogadorpva
dc.contributor.authorGonzález Medina, Gabriel
dc.contributor.authorVives Vergara, Alejandra
dc.contributor.otherCEDEUS (Chile)
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-24T19:51:52Z
dc.date.available2024-09-24T19:51:52Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: It is widely known that women have a higher prevalence of depression than men. These differences may be explained by social differences between women and men due to gender roles. In Chile, as elsewhere, women have greater household responsibilities, lower job incomes, and especially low labor market participation. However, the incidence of these gender differences on the higher prevalence of depression in women requires further study in the Chilean context. Objective: To identify main social differences between women and men associated with gender differences in the prevalence of depression in middle-aged Chilean men and women. Data source: Data comes from the second Chilean National Health Survey (2009-2010), a cross-sectional, nationally representative sample (n = 2771) composed of 1103 men and 1668 women (39.8 and 60.2%, respectively), whose age range goes from 25 to 55 years old. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile. Methods: Prevalence ratios were calculated through Poisson regression models to estimate associations between the prevalence of past episodes of depression and social stressful life events variables for men and women separately. Gender prevalence ratios of depression (Gender PR) adjusted for age and subsequently adjusted by the social and stressful life events variables. The analyses considered factors such as age, educational level, per-capita household income, work status, role as the head of household, marital status, events of violence, family problems, personal health problems or accidents, and self-reported financial stress. Results: This study finds that doing housework, reporting a serious family problem and having high financial stress were associated with a higher prevalence of depression in both genders. Whereas, health problems were only associated with prevalence in men. The age-adjusted gender PR was 2.84 [confidence interval (CI): 2.0-4.1], and when all selected variables were included attenuated to a PR of 1.86 (CI 1.3-2.7). The variable most strongly associated with depression in the fully-adjusted model was housework (PR: 5.3; CI: 1.3-21.0). Conclusion: In conclusion, this study finds that depression in in Chile is associated with social factors such as participation in housework, family problems, and financial stress, all of which are more common in women. To make further progress in the study of this public health problem in Chile, it is essential to incorporate more detailed characterization of gender roles in surveys and other studies. Likewise, social policies and interventions that contribute to reduce gender social inequalities in the exposure to adverse life circumstances can contribute to reduce unnecessary and avoidable gender disparities in health.
dc.fuente.origenConveris
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/annweh/wxy107
dc.identifier.eissn2398-7316
dc.identifier.issn2398-7308
dc.identifier.pubmedidMEDLINE:30624612
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxy107
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/87936
dc.identifier.wosidWOS:000464933000012
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Medicina; González Medina, Gabriel; S/I; 250593
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Medicina; Vives Vergara, Alejandra; 0000-0001-5851-0693; 135637
dc.issue.numero3
dc.language.isoen
dc.nota.accesocontenido parcial
dc.pagina.final370
dc.pagina.inicio359
dc.publisherOxford University Press
dc.revistaAnnals of Work Exposures and Health
dc.rightsacceso restringido
dc.subjectChile
dc.subjectDepression
dc.subjectFamily problems
dc.subjectFinancial stress
dc.subjectGender differences
dc.subjectPrevalence ratio
dc.subjectWork status
dc.subject.ddc610
dc.subject.deweyMedicina y saludes_ES
dc.subject.ods01 No poverty
dc.subject.ods01 Fin de la pobreza
dc.subject.ods03 Good health and well-being
dc.subject.odspa05 Gender equality
dc.subject.odspa05 Igualdad de género
dc.subject.odspa03 Salud y bienestar
dc.titleWork Status, Financial Stress, Family Problems, and Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Depression in Chile
dc.typeartículo
dc.volumen63
sipa.codpersvinculados250593
sipa.codpersvinculados135637
sipa.trazabilidadConveris;20-07-2021
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