Comparación de dos métodos agronómicos y uno geofísico para la determinación del estatus hídrico de suelo y planta en condiciones naturales y de cultivos frutales
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Date
2023
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Abstract
The current mega drought in Chile represents a major problem for fruit crops of the central regions and its native vegetation, the sclerophyll forest. The traditional methods to determine soil water status used in agriculture fail to deliver data that is representative of the soil profile in which roots from vegetation are distributed, due to non-uniformity in the soil texture. Electric Resistivity Tomography method (ERT) solves this problem by measuring the soil profile entirely at several depths. In this study, measurements of soil moisture were carried out in fruit orchards (apples and almonds), and in three locations with native vegetation, during a whole season following the same transect. Measurements include: Soil moisture by Frequency domain Reflectometry (FDR) and gravimetric method, soil apparent resistivity by ERT; and four physiological parameters taken in adjacent plants: stomatal conductance (gs), midday stem water potential (ψMD), maximum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and chlorophyl concentration. Both FDR and gravimetric methods had difficulties to explain the behavior of vegetation because they assume a point based humidity data as representative of the entire
soil profile. The best method to predict the ecophysiological behavior in apple and in natural conditions was ERT.
Description
Tesis (Magíster en Fisiología Vegetal)--Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2023
Keywords
ERT, Malus doméstica, Prunus dulcis, Sclerophyll forest, Ecophysiology