La crisis del COVID-19 en Chile: análisis de las transformaciones en el tejido social de los barrios del Gran Santiago
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Date
2024
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Abstract
La comunicación inicial en la crisis sanitaria en Chile se focalizó en el autocuidado indivi-dual, pero la difusión espacial de los contagios desnudó graves problemas en la configuración espacial de nuestras ciudades. Así, barrio y vivienda, tuvieron nuevosusos, que, si bien se dan en un contexto que amplifica las desigualdades socio espaciales tradicionales existentes antes de la pandemia, también muestran particularidades propias de su localización en la ciudad, con respecto a equipamientos, acce-sibilidade identidad. Usando datos de una encuesta EPDUS realizada pre y post crisis del COVID-19, este trabajo describe las condiciones socioterritoriales, los cambios en los usos y prácticas espaciales, el rol de los vínculos sociales y el papel del barrio como escala de contención y apoyo mutuo para enfrentar la pandemia. La conclusión nos muestra que diferentes tipologías de barrio en el área metro-politana de Santiago configuran espacios desiguales que determinan la posibilidad de construcción de vínculos sociales de apoyo, colaboración y cuidado en crisis como la del COVID-19. Palabras clave: COVID-19; crisis; barrio; vivienda; Gran Santiago.
In Chile, early messages relative to the health crisis focused on individual self-care, but the spatial spread of contagion disclosed serious problems in the city spatial configuration. The new uses assigned to neighborhoodsand homes brought to the fore, on the one hand, pre-pandemic socio-spatial inequalities and, on the other hand, the peculiarities specific to neighbourhoods and homes within the broader urban canvas, especially with respect to equipment, accessibility andidentity. Using data from an EPDUS survey conducted before and after the COVID-19 crisis, this work describes the socio-territorial conditions, changes in spatial uses and practices, the role of social ties and the role of the neighborhood as a scale of containment and mutual support before the pandemic. The conclusion shows us that different neighborhood typologies in the metropolitan area of Santiago configure unequal spaces that determine the possibility of building social bonds of support, collaboration and care in crises such as the one triggered by the COVID-19
In Chile, early messages relative to the health crisis focused on individual self-care, but the spatial spread of contagion disclosed serious problems in the city spatial configuration. The new uses assigned to neighborhoodsand homes brought to the fore, on the one hand, pre-pandemic socio-spatial inequalities and, on the other hand, the peculiarities specific to neighbourhoods and homes within the broader urban canvas, especially with respect to equipment, accessibility andidentity. Using data from an EPDUS survey conducted before and after the COVID-19 crisis, this work describes the socio-territorial conditions, changes in spatial uses and practices, the role of social ties and the role of the neighborhood as a scale of containment and mutual support before the pandemic. The conclusion shows us that different neighborhood typologies in the metropolitan area of Santiago configure unequal spaces that determine the possibility of building social bonds of support, collaboration and care in crises such as the one triggered by the COVID-19
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Keywords
COVID-19, Barrio, Vivienda, Gran Santiago, Neighborhood, Living place