Adecuaciones curriculares: ¿un puente hacia la educación inclusiva?
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Date
2024
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Abstract
Las adecuaciones curriculares son modificaciones al currículo que atiende a la diversidad de los estudiantes. Para la educación inclusiva, desarrollar adecuaciones curriculares son esenciales permitiendo a los estudiantes acceder al currículo. Sin embargo, cuando estas no son desarrolladas de manera pertinente, pueden generar atraso en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Este estudio analizó los factores que favorecen y dificultan las Adecuaciones Curriculares en docentes de segundo básico. Entre los factores que favorecen se encuentran un enfoque inclusivo, la formación docente en educación inclusiva, el trabajo colaborativo y la planificación con la profesora diferencial. En cuanto a los factores que dificultan, se destacan el tiempo limitado, la falta de acompañamiento y retroalimentación, así como la carga burocrática. Las docentes reciben capacitaciones en temas de inclusión y desarrollan un trabajo colaborativo que permite tomar decisiones curriculares. Sin embargo, estas decisiones no pasan por un proceso formal, ya que se toman acuerdos en espacios poco apropiados para reflexionar de manera pertinente sobre los ajustes necesarios. Además, del poco acompañamiento por parte del equipo técnico pedagógico. Por ello, se ofrece una propuesta de mejora que fomente la reflexión en la toma de decisiones para el desarrollo de las adecuaciones curriculares y que fortalezca el acompañamiento por parte del equipo técnico pedagógico.
Curricular adaptations are modifications to the curriculum that address the diversity of students. For inclusive education, developing curricular adjustments are essential, allowing students to access the curriculum. However, when these are not developed in a relevant aspect, they can cause delays in student learning. The factors that favor and hinder Curricular Adjustments in second grade teachers were analyzed. Among the factors that favor are: an inclusive approach, teacher training in inclusive education, collaborative work and planning with the differential teacher. Regarding the factors that make it challenging are: the limited time, the lack of support and feedback, as well as the bureaucratic burden stand out. Teachers receive training on inclusion issues and develop collaborative work that allows them to make curricular decisions. However, these decisions do not go through a formal process, because agreements are made in inappropriate spaces to encourage them in a relevant way on the necessary adjustments. In addition, there was lack of support from the technical pedagogical team. For this reason, an improvement proposal is offered that encourages reflection in decision-making for the development of curricular adjustments and that strengthens support by the technical pedagogical team.
Curricular adaptations are modifications to the curriculum that address the diversity of students. For inclusive education, developing curricular adjustments are essential, allowing students to access the curriculum. However, when these are not developed in a relevant aspect, they can cause delays in student learning. The factors that favor and hinder Curricular Adjustments in second grade teachers were analyzed. Among the factors that favor are: an inclusive approach, teacher training in inclusive education, collaborative work and planning with the differential teacher. Regarding the factors that make it challenging are: the limited time, the lack of support and feedback, as well as the bureaucratic burden stand out. Teachers receive training on inclusion issues and develop collaborative work that allows them to make curricular decisions. However, these decisions do not go through a formal process, because agreements are made in inappropriate spaces to encourage them in a relevant way on the necessary adjustments. In addition, there was lack of support from the technical pedagogical team. For this reason, an improvement proposal is offered that encourages reflection in decision-making for the development of curricular adjustments and that strengthens support by the technical pedagogical team.
Description
Tesis (Magíster en Educación mención Estudios Curriculares)--Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2024
Keywords
Adecuaciones curriculares, Educación inclusiva, Decisiones curriculares, Currículo inclusivo, Curricular adjustments, Inclusive education, Curricular decisions, Inclusive curriculum