Determinant factors of excess of weight in school children: a multilevel study
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Date
2007
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO
Abstract
Background: Rates of obesity reach high levels in Chile, with geographic, social and school variations. Aim: To identify factors at two levels associated with excessive weight in school children: child-family characteristics and school-neighborhood. Material and methods: Using a cross-sectional and multi-step design, seven counties with the highest prevalence of obesity were identified, and schools were randomly chosen from within the 1(st), 3(rd) and 5(th) quintiles of the school strata (same level of obesity prevalence). Within each school, twelve 2(nd) grade children were randomly chosen, (n =42 schools and 504 students). Nutritional status, food intake, eating habits and physical activity were measured. Socio demographic, economic characteristics and nutritional status of the parents were assessed. Home size and facilities for children physical activities were assessed, as well as school infrastructure and management. Results: Most of the explained variance (97%) in the Body Mass index (BMI) was due to individual-level factors: sedentary children behaviour (beta coefficient 1.6, standard error (SE) 0.052), maternal obesity (beta 0.94; SE 0.25), paternal obesity (beta 0.83; SE 0.28) and hours watching television (beta 0.789, SE 0-297). The same risk factors were predictive if obesity: child sedentary behaviours odds ratio (OR): 3.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.44-6.48, maternal obesity (OR: 1.91, CI 1.2.7-3.02) and being woman (OR 1.75, CI: 1.0.1-2.76). Conclusions: BMI and obesity are associated with children behaviour or biological and cultural conditions of their families and not with school characteristics.
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Keywords
body mass index, child behavior, child, preschool, obesity, NUTRITIONAL-STATUS, PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, AGE-CHILDREN, OBESITY, ADOLESCENTS, TELEVISION, TRANSITION, RISK