Evaluación ética y vulnerabilidad en Chile: La producción de conocimiento en ciencias sociales
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Date
2025
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Abstract
En Chile, las políticas estatales han desarrollado orientaciones éticas para la investigación fortaleciendo los comités ético-científicos (CECS) y el de-sarrollo de dispositivos éticos de evaluación de la investigación. En este ensayo reflexionamos sobre el entramado de normas y prácticas que configuran la evaluación ética, preguntándonos por los efectos que tiene la forma en que se concibe la vulnerabilidad. Esta noción no solo orienta la evaluación ética, sino que también modela los marcos posibles de desarrollo de las investigaciones. A partir de los aportes de los estudios críticos de la vulnerabilidad y, en particular, de la discapacidad, nos interesa problematizar los riesgos de entender la vulnerabilidad como una condición fija, atribuible a ciertos grupos o individuos. Si las investigaciones que abordan a sujetos clasificados como “vulnerables” son restringidas por comités éticos debido a dicha clasificación, esto representa un problema relevante en términos científicos. Desde las ciencias sociales
In Chile, state policies have developed ethical guidelines for re-search, strengthening ethical-scientific committees (CECs) and fostering the creation of ethical mechanisms for project evaluation. In this essay, we reflect on the network of norms and practices that shape ethical review processes, questioning the effects of how vulnerability is conceptualized. This notion not only guides ethical evaluation but also shapes the possible frameworks for research development. Drawing on insights from critical vulnerability stud-ies—and particularly from critical disability studies—we aim to problematize the risks of framing vulnerability as a fixed condition attributable to specific groups or individuals. When research involving subjects labeled as “vulnerable” is restricted by ethics committees on the basis of such classification, it poses a significant challenge for scientific inquiry. In the social sciences, this debate has been notably limited, potentially hindering the development of original and innovative research capable of fostering transformative change toward a more just society
In Chile, state policies have developed ethical guidelines for re-search, strengthening ethical-scientific committees (CECs) and fostering the creation of ethical mechanisms for project evaluation. In this essay, we reflect on the network of norms and practices that shape ethical review processes, questioning the effects of how vulnerability is conceptualized. This notion not only guides ethical evaluation but also shapes the possible frameworks for research development. Drawing on insights from critical vulnerability stud-ies—and particularly from critical disability studies—we aim to problematize the risks of framing vulnerability as a fixed condition attributable to specific groups or individuals. When research involving subjects labeled as “vulnerable” is restricted by ethics committees on the basis of such classification, it poses a significant challenge for scientific inquiry. In the social sciences, this debate has been notably limited, potentially hindering the development of original and innovative research capable of fostering transformative change toward a more just society
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Ciencias Sociales, Comités de ética, Discapacidad, Investigación, Vulnerabilidad, Social sciences, Ethics committees, Disability, Research, Vulnerability