Respuesta y recuperación ante desastres: complejidades institucionales y técnicas en contextos de post-terremoto en Chile
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Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Corporation for the Management and Reduction of Disaster Risk in Chile (GRID-Chile)
Abstract
Los eventos sísmicos pueden causar un daño importante a inmuebles públicos y privados y son vital importancia para la gestión pública. En este contexto, es relevante reconocer los actores y los momentos críticos que experimentan las organizaciones que coordinan las labores de respuesta, rescate, recopilación de datos y deliberación de traslados. En Chile, la toma de decisiones sobre estos procesos involucra a tres ministerios: el Ministerio de Desarrollo Social recopila la información de las personas y las familias afectadas por la emergencia; el Ministerio de Vivienda y Urbanismo catastra información para asignar beneficios transitorios o definitivos de vivienda; y el Ministerio del Interior, quien a través del Servicio Nacional de Prevención y Respuesta ante Desastres (SENAPRED), planifica y coordina los recursos públicos y privados para gestionar el manejo de la emergencia. Al momento de la crisis se suman otros grupos: voluntarios, unidades de bomberos, carabineros, agrupaciones de la sociedad civil, empresas aseguradoras, entre otros. El artículo explora las complejidades institucionales y técnicas que participan de la primera respuesta luego de un sismo (ej. toma de datos, sistematización, análisis y toma de decisiones).
Seismic events can cause significant damage to public and private property and are of vital importance for public management. Recognising the key actors and the critical moments within the rescue coordinating organisations is crucial for diagnosis, data collection and deliberation of people’s transfers to safer places. In Chile, decision making around these processes involves mainly three government ministries. The Ministry of Social Development collects information about people and families affected by the emergency; the Ministry of Housing and Urbanism compiles housing data and allocates transitory or definitive housing benefits for the affected families; and the Ministry of the Interior which, through the National Service for Prevention and Response to Disasters (SENAPRED), elaborate plans and coordinates public and private resources to manage the emergency. At the time, other groups join the coordination response: volunteers, fire units, police officers, civil society groups, and insurance companies, among others. The article explores the institutional and technical complexities involved in the first response after earthquakes in Chile (e.g., data collection, systematisation, analysis, and decision making).
Seismic events can cause significant damage to public and private property and are of vital importance for public management. Recognising the key actors and the critical moments within the rescue coordinating organisations is crucial for diagnosis, data collection and deliberation of people’s transfers to safer places. In Chile, decision making around these processes involves mainly three government ministries. The Ministry of Social Development collects information about people and families affected by the emergency; the Ministry of Housing and Urbanism compiles housing data and allocates transitory or definitive housing benefits for the affected families; and the Ministry of the Interior which, through the National Service for Prevention and Response to Disasters (SENAPRED), elaborate plans and coordinates public and private resources to manage the emergency. At the time, other groups join the coordination response: volunteers, fire units, police officers, civil society groups, and insurance companies, among others. The article explores the institutional and technical complexities involved in the first response after earthquakes in Chile (e.g., data collection, systematisation, analysis, and decision making).
Description
Keywords
Respuesta ante desastres, Recuperación, Terremoto, Planificación urbana, Institucionalidadsísmica, Emergencia, Chile, Disaster response, Recovery, Earthquake, Urban planning, Seismic institutionality, Emergency, Chile