Bioactividad contra bacterias patógenas de cuatro especies nativas del bosque templado del sur de Chile
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Date
2023
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Abstract
Las plantas nativas y endémicas de Chile presentan un potencial como fuente de nuevas moléculas que ofrezcan servicios ecosistémicos, específicamente en alimentación y medicina, por lo cual es de interés descubrir su potencial mediante su bioactividad y capacidad antioxidante, ambas relevantes para la salud humana. En este estudio se seleccionaron 4 especies con antecedentes etnobotánicos y se evaluó su capacidad antioxidante y bioactividad contra bacterias patógenas mediante el uso de extractos etanólicos. La capacidad antioxidante se midió mediante 3 pruebas: poder antioxidante por reducción férrica (FRAP), secuestro de radical ABTS+ y secuestro de radical DPPH, mientras que la bioactividad contra bacterias patógenas se evaluó mediante el cálculo de la mínima concentración inhibitoria (MCI) y halo de inhibición (HI) frente a Escherichia coli y Staphylococcus aureus. Adicionalmente se determinó la cantidad de fenoles totales mediante la metodología de Folin-Ciocalteu y flavonoides totales mediante uso de cloruro de aluminio. Cissus striata fue la especie cuyo extracto obtuvo la mayor capacidad antioxidante en las 3 pruebas. La cantidad de fenoles totales tiene una alta correlación positiva con la capacidad antioxidante de cada especie. Mitraria coccinea y C. striata presentaron actividad frente a S. aureus donde M. coccinea obtuvo el mayor halo de inhibición y C. striata obtuvo la MCI más baja. Los flavonoides totales tienen una alta correlación positiva con el halo de inhibición, y alta correlación negativa con la MCI. Finalmente se determinó que C. striata y M. coccinea son especies de interés que ofrecen servicios ecosistémicos a través de la composición de sus extractos.
The native and endemic plants of Chile present potential as a source of new molecules that offer ecosystem services, specifically in food and medicine, which is why it is of interest to discover their potential through their bioactivity and antioxidant capacity, both relevant to human health. In this study, four species with ethnobotanical backgrounds were selected, and their antioxidant capacity and bioactivity against pathogenic bacteria were evaluated through the use of ethanolic extracts. The antioxidant capacity was measured by three tests: ferric reduction antioxidant power (FRAP), ABTS+ radical scavenger and DPPH radical scavenger, while bioactivity against pathogenic bacteria was evaluated by calculating the minimum inhibitory concentration (MCI) and halo inhibition (HI) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, the amount of total phenols was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu methodology and total flavonoids using aluminum chloride. Cissus striata was the species whose extract obtained the highest antioxidant capacity in the three tests. The amount of total phenols has a high positive correlation with the antioxidant capacity of each species. Mitraria coccinea and C. striata presented activity against S. aureus where M. coccinea obtained the highest zone of inhibition and C. striata obtained the lowest MCI. Total flavonoids have a high positive correlation with the zone of inhibition and a high negative correlation with the MCI. Finally, it was determined that C. striata and M. coccinea are species of interest that offer ecosystem services through the composition of their extracts.
The native and endemic plants of Chile present potential as a source of new molecules that offer ecosystem services, specifically in food and medicine, which is why it is of interest to discover their potential through their bioactivity and antioxidant capacity, both relevant to human health. In this study, four species with ethnobotanical backgrounds were selected, and their antioxidant capacity and bioactivity against pathogenic bacteria were evaluated through the use of ethanolic extracts. The antioxidant capacity was measured by three tests: ferric reduction antioxidant power (FRAP), ABTS+ radical scavenger and DPPH radical scavenger, while bioactivity against pathogenic bacteria was evaluated by calculating the minimum inhibitory concentration (MCI) and halo inhibition (HI) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, the amount of total phenols was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu methodology and total flavonoids using aluminum chloride. Cissus striata was the species whose extract obtained the highest antioxidant capacity in the three tests. The amount of total phenols has a high positive correlation with the antioxidant capacity of each species. Mitraria coccinea and C. striata presented activity against S. aureus where M. coccinea obtained the highest zone of inhibition and C. striata obtained the lowest MCI. Total flavonoids have a high positive correlation with the zone of inhibition and a high negative correlation with the MCI. Finally, it was determined that C. striata and M. coccinea are species of interest that offer ecosystem services through the composition of their extracts.
Description
Tesis (Magíster en Fisiología y Producción Vegetal)--Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2023
Keywords
Bioprospection, Phenolic content, Antioxidant Capacity, Native plants, Chilean rainforest