3.11 Facultad de Letras

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Browsing 3.11 Facultad de Letras by Subject "04 Quality education"

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    Exploring the effects of a mixed writing feedback model integrating artificial intelligence on primary learners english graphophonemic awareness
    (2023) Pearsall, Charlotte Rose; Lobos Vásquez, Leyla; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Letras
    This mixed-methods action research project aimed to improve graphophonemic awareness through a mixed writing feedback model in second-grade English students within a multilingual classroom at an international school in Santiago, Chile. The reasons for the students' lack of graphophonemic awareness includes the mix of first languages and issues during early literacy acquisition during the pandemic in online classes. Students took pre-tests and post-tests and over two intervention cycles, students composed spontaneous texts, which received writing corrective feedback from their peers, teacher, and artificial intelligence. The study's outcomes demonstrated that a mixed writing feedback model improved students' graphophonemic awareness, increased writing motivation, and improved students’ self-perceptions of spelling competence. Additionally, the study revealed that while spelling errors vary among first language groups, the ə/, /ɪ/, and /eɪ/ phonemes present the most challenging sounds for students when spelling.
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    Léxico disponible de estudiantes universitarios de Educación Básica y Letras Hispánicas: un estudio sociolingüístico comparativo y análisis de técnicas de recolección de datos
    (2023) Martínez Lara, José Alejandro; Castillo Fadic, María Natalia; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Letras
    Esta tesis doctoral examina el léxico disponible (en adelante LD) –es decir, el conjunto de palabras que viene más rápido a la mente cuando se activa un tema específico a través de un estímulo verbal (Michéa, 1953; Gougenheim et al., 1964; López Morales, 1995-1996; Gómez Molina, 2021, entre otros) – referido a los centros de interés (CI) 01. La lectura, 02. El profesor, 03. La educación, 04. Juegos y distracciones, 05. La escuela, 06. Habilidades docentes, 07. Partes del cuerpo y 08. Comidas y bebidas, de universitarios de Educación Básica (EB) y Letras Hispánicas (LH) de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Con base en este tema, el objetivo de esta investigación es conocer cuánto y cuál es el LD, recolectado tanto en formato papel como digital, con la finalidad de determinar, a través de análisis comparativos, las convergencias y divergencias de los lexicones de los estudiantes de EB y LH, así como evaluar la técnica alternativa de recogida de datos a través de un instrumento electrónico. Para esto, se examinó, cuantitativa y cualitativamente, un corpus producido por 264 participantes, organizado en tres muestras: 1) Educación Básica; 2) Letras Hispánicas, estas dos fueron recogidas a través de instrumentos en papel; y 3) Letras Hispánicas, colectada mediante la página web ad hoc. Los resultados cuantitativos generales indican que los CI más productivos, ricos y compactos son ‒ordenados según sus respectivos rangos‒ el 07, 08 y 05. En tanto que los análisis inferenciales señalan que son significativas las relaciones entre Sexo y el CI05, así como Año de curso y CI08, a favor de las variantes mujeres y 1.er Año, respectivamente. En cuanto a la variable Carrera, específicamente, debe destacarse que las medias globales de LH (19,71) y EB (16,51) se diferencian por 3,2 puntos, y muestra una significancia de p = 000 en el CI01, siendo las palabras más disponibles: libro, letra, leer, autor y palabra. Por su parte, la variable Formato de pruebas exhibe promedios de palabras globales, entre la muestra en papel (19,71) y la digital (19,23), bastante similares, con una distinción de apenas 0,48 lexías. Asimismo, se aprecia una significación del factor en el CI06 (p = 0,32); los vocablos más disponibles de este grupo son: empatía, comprensión, vocación, paciencia y enseñar. Por último, al analizar los grafos del CI01, se determinó que los tres grupos presentan asociaciones semánticas parecidas, en las que se evidencian los recursos de meronimia, afinidad semántica y proximidad visual. En conclusión, los análisis, cuantitativos y cualitativos, han permitido demostrar que existen diferencias léxico-métricas significativas entre las comunidades discursivas (Parodi, 2004; Bolívar, 2013). Asimismo, se ha logrado evaluar un instrumento digital que puede recoger datos léxicos de manera acertada, por lo que debe ahondarse más sobre este tópico.
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    Reading to learn cycle : writing narrative texts in the EFL Chilean context
    (2022) Lorca Mesina, Stephanie A.; Arancibia Aguilera, María Cristina; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Letras
    Throughout life, reading and writing are fundamental skills in our learning process. They help us to communicate, create relationships, and describe the world around us. In this context, the EFL classroom represents its own challenges and opportunities. The current educational model in Chile has caused a deep segregation in terms of access to education, so English proficiency has been recognized as a social-economic indicator. Marginalized Spanish-speaking groups avoid reading and writing due to their complexity. The Reading to Learn model proposes that there is a systematic cycle that could help EFL learners to explicitly construct their own texts, unveiling the historically hidden conventions when it comes to writing. The following action research study aims to evaluate the effects of Reading to Learn methodology to help high school students to improve their writing of narrative texts by recognizing genre and the infinite combinations to express meaning that the system offers to language users. This research was carried out in virtual learning and the pedagogical intervention was designed considering quantitative and qualitative data. It consisted of initial surveys for teachers and students, a pre-test, seven action-research cycles, a post-test, and a final survey for participants. The main qualitative findings suggest that the Reading to Learn methodology helps to improve writing in terms of lexicogrammatical choices that convey attitude and refer the participation of people and things in discourse. Similarly, the main quantitative findings indicate that participants enhanced their genre-knowledge including more phases and structures of the narrative genre after the interventions. Keywords. Reading to Learn, narrative text, writing, action-research, EFL.
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    The effect of a genre-based approach to the enhancing of writing skills in exposition texts in Eleventh-grade students
    (2023) Cruz Cariñe, Roxana Antonia; Gajardo Moller, Consuelo; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Letras
    The Chilean Ministry of Education for many years has emphasized the importance of developing the four language skills of the English language, being the writing skill one of the most present in activities in textbooks at all different school levels. In higher levels, such as eleventh grade, students are asked to write more complex texts, for example exposition texts. This type of text implies students to manage the 21st century skills which comprise higher order thinking abilities among other abilities. However, there has been little development on socializing a successful writing teaching approach nor has been explicit explanation of the differences found in all the existent text types, that is to say, their social purpose, intended audience, structure, and characteristics. This situation has led students to write different types of texts following the same steps and using the same linguistic resources available for them without much understanding. The present study aims to demonstrate how important is to become aware of the relevance of the linguistic choices that students have when writing an analytical exposition text through a through a contextualized explicit language teaching based on a genre-based approach (GBA) informed by Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), which consists of different specific stages. This study was carried out in a nine-week time using a methodological framework designed following a mixed method approach consisting of quantitative and qualitatively data analysis focusing on the written compositions of 15 eleventh-grade students of a middle class subsidized school in Santiago de Chile. The results of this research concluded that students’ writing skill in producing an exposition text was enhanced. Based on the positive results of this study, it is recommended that GBA aligned with the Teaching Learning Cycle should be implemented, at least, in higher levels of secondary education in Chilean schools with the objective of boosting students’ genre knowledge in generating different types of texts, especially, academic texts.