Capítulos de libros
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Browsing Capítulos de libros by Subject "Chile"
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- ItemConstitución, medio ambiente y modelo de desarrollo: la cuestión clave de la gobernanza ambiental(Catalonia, 2022) Stamm, Caroline André; Maillet, Antoine Vincent; Rivas, Ricardo; Viveros, Karin
- ItemEducating in politics, democracy and citizenship: the challenges of Chilean Catholic schools(Springer, 2021) Mardones Zúñiga, Rodrigo; Marinovic Guijón, AlejandraAnalyzing the Chilean case in the last twenty years, the chapter critically evaluates the teachings of the Pontifical Magisterium that define the identity of Catholic education. The focus is on the declared guidelines of Chilean public policy for citizen education and the preliminary evidence reported by international measurements in the field.
- ItemHow to sustain a human rights organisation under state violence(Palgrave Macmillan, 2019) Bernasconi, Oriana; Gárate Chateau, Manuel; Suárez, Rodrigo; Mansilla, DanielaThis chapter describes the political struggle to resist the Chilean dictatorship’s attempts to put down a collective civilian response to state terrorism, a response that was based on assistance, documentation, and denunciation of the repressive state. Drawing on secondary data and interviews with former Comité and Vicaría staff, the chapter describes the most dramatic episodes of dispute the organisations faced, and shows how they remained unavoidable interlocutors throughout the entire period. It argues that documentation, that is, the archiving of evidence of military abuses, was key to maintaining this strategic position. Documentation enabled horror to be made known as it occurred, and made it possible for relatives and civil society organisations to hold the government accountable by bringing legal actions in defence of the persecuted, leaving clear evidence of mass killings that the regime could not pretend to ignore or distort. These tenacious actions that emerged during military rule, proved vital for later human rights activism in Chile.
- ItemIndigenous language revitalization in early childhood: challenges and opportunities in Chile(Springer, 2021) Becerra, Rukmini; Moya Sepúlveda, Dayna Andrea; Mayo, SimonaAs is known, early childhood is the best time to introduce a second or even a third language. These considerations assume special relevance when the need to be fluent in a second language may be vital for social interactions or day-to-day communication. Chile is facing the continuous challenge of trying to revitalize Indigenous languages that have been in their twilight hour and almost lost within our culture. The government has taken many measures in this novel approach to revitalize Indigenous languages and educate a bilingual generation in the process. Unfortunately, due to the lack of concrete curricular measures, there is still room for improvement in this area. This chapter will examine government documents and experiences to review the path traversed, its future direction, the challenges this scenario presents, and the future research that may better inform new policies in this regard.
- ItemInstitucionalizando la interculturalidad: nuevas formas de dependencia estatal y resistencia indígena.(Instituto de Investigaciones en Diversidad Cultural y Procesos de Cambio-IIDyPCa, 2021) Maza, Francisca de la; Instituto de Investigaciones en Diversidad Cultural y Procesos de Cambio-IIDyPCaEl artículo aborda la apropiación e institucionalización del concepto de interculturalidad en la política pública en Chile. La interculturalidad se ha instalado en diversos niveles de la acción pública orientada a la población indígena. Su institucionalización se analiza en tres etapas, iniciándose el año 1990, analizando los procesos dependencia estatal y resistencia indígena. En el último periodo se aborda también las tensiones generadas con otras diversidades y con la crisis del sistema político y económico evidenciada en el “Estallido Social” y profundizada por la pandemia COVID-19
- ItemIt's All About Timing: Temporal Dynamics in the Protest–Repression Nexus in Pinochet's Chile, 1982–1989(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2022) Sánchez Barría, Felipe Andrés; Leitz, LisaHow does state repression influence levels of mobilization in authoritarian regimes? This study argues that the relationship between repression and protest is temporally dynamic. Specifically, the short- and long-term effects of autocrats' coercive actions differ conditionally on each phase of the contentious cycle. This argument is tested taking advantage of an original database of protest events in Pinochet's Chile between 1982 and 1989. Using an Interrupted Time Series design, the results show that the State of Siege declarations issued in 1984 and again in 1986 had divergent short- and long-term influence. When the cycle was on an expansive stage, the State of Siege shows no immediate influence on the protests, followed by an increase in long-term mobilization. However, when the mobilization was declining, the State of Siege was associated with an immediate and prominent drop in mobilization, followed by a progressive decrease in the number of protests over the long term. This chapter contributes to the literature on the protest–repression nexus by providing new evidence on the dynamics shaping the relationship between state repression and civil disobedience in authoritarian regimes.
- ItemMinor cities and development: correlations between morphology and urban planning in Arica between 1950 and 1980(A.A. Balkema Publishers, 2021) Torrent, Horacio; Allegri, Alessia; Benatti Alvim, Angélica; Abascal, Eunice Helena; Sabaté, Joaquín; Costa, Joao Pedro; Schicchi, María CristinaBetween 1950 and 1980, many intermediate and minor cities underwent similar phenomena to those experienced by large metropolises, such as accelerated population growth, urban plan expansion, land markets and the adoption of new denser architectural typologies. This paper reviews the case of Arica, a northern Chilean town, as an example of urban morphology produced according to the notion of developmentalism for intermediate and minor cities. It considers exploiting urban structural analysis to revise current phenomena and smaller urban configurations that have emerged under developmentalism ideas. It proposes to exploit structural urban analysis for the revision of more current phenomena and to analyze minor urban configurations that emerged under developmental ideas, where the relationship between architectural typologies and urban morphologies is not strictly corresponding and can assume characteristics that are difficult to define in traditional urban morphological studies.
- ItemOrdinario vs. extra-ordinario. Casas y Monumentos(Ediciones UC, 2021) Bonomo Tria, Umberto; Mondragón, Hugo
- ItemLa pedagogía monetarista: difusión y debate de las nuevas ideas económicas en la revista Hoy, 1975-1979(Ediciones Universidad Diego Portales, 2013) Gárate Chateau, ManuelDesde la aplicación de las reformas políticas y económicas inspiradas por el economista estadounidense Milton Friedman, la empresa privada se volvió una institución que impacta diariamente la vida de los chilenos. No obstante, aún no se constituye un campo de investigación y debate acorde a su relevancia. Este libro busca llenar ese vacío. Adaptación. La empresa chilena después de Friedman es un volumen cuidadosamente editado, compuesto de catorce capítulos escritos por destacados investigadores provenientes de prestigiosas universidades del país y el extranjero. Con las herramientas metodológicas propias de las ciencias sociales, los autores analizan cómo la empresa chilena ha pasado del ajuste a la doctrina de Chicago a la adaptación a las demandas de una sociedad democrática y de una economía internacionalizada.Adaptación es una lectura obligada para académicos, empresarios, sindicalistas, actores políticos y público general interesado en comprender el cambio en las empresas y, por esta vía, la fisonomía del Chile de hoy.
- ItemPolíticas para la implementación de una estrategia circular en la construcción(Centro de Políticas Públicas, 2022) Ossio Castillo, Felipe; D'Alencon Castrillon, Renato; De León, Anamaría; Saintard, Roger; Ramos, Camila; Irarrázaval, Ignacio; Piña, Elisa; Casielles, Ignacio; Centro de Políticas Públicas UC (Chile)La industria de la construcción es actualmente la mayor consumidora de recursos y materias primas, y genera un 35% de los residuos a nivel mundial. Esto puede ser contrarrestado con la implementación de estrategias que estén en línea con los principios de la economía circular, motivo por el cual el sector de la construcción es considerado uno de los espacios claves para una efectiva transición del mundo a la economía circular. Entre dichas estrategias destaca la inclusión de materiales y componentes con atributos circulares, que permitiría disminuir el uso de materias primas vírgenes cuya extracción y procesamiento es intensivo en energía y materiales. Sin embargo, la experiencia internacional muestra que la inclusión de materiales y componentescon estas características no se da naturalmente, ya sea por sus características técnicas, barreras regulatorias, actitudes y percepciones de los actores involucrados, entre otros, y requiere de una intervención externa para que ocurra. El presente trabajo tiene por objeto proponer una política pública que fomente adecuadamente la incorporación de materiales y componentes con atributos circulares en el sector de la construcción. Mediante la revisión de la literatura internacional y del cuadro normativo nacional, y el análisis del ecosistema de la construcción, se obtuvieron 19 estrategias -entre incentivos, estrategias neutras, desincentivos y exigencias-, de las cuales se profundiza en siete para promover la incorporación de materiales y componentes con atributos circulares en la construcción, en atención a su efectividad. Las siete estrategias se dividen en aquellas políticas públicas que no requieren de leyes para su implementación (tres) y las que sí necesitan nuevas leyes (cuatro).Las siete propuestas tienen una relación y coherencia entre ellas; y, en consecuencia, deben ser desarrolladas en una progresión que permita contar con un ecosistema necesario para la economía circular en la construcción.
- ItemLas privatizaciones como representación "fetiche" del modelo económico chileno (1985-2013)(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2011) Gárate Chateau, Manuel
- ItemThe politics of citizenship education in Chile(2020) Mardones Zúñiga, RodrigoThis chapter reviews citizenship education in Chile as a national public policy vis-à-vis the international academic and political debates in the field. Chile’s citizenship education policy appears highly conditioned by successive paradigmatic experiments– progressive education (1930–1950), Christian democratic reformism (1964–70), socialist revolution (1970–73), and authoritarian and neoliberal (1973–90). Since 1990 civic education policy in Chile has tried to update to the international paradigm on citizenship education, conditioned in this attempt by a long transition to democracy and the recent appearance of a student social movement agitating for a shift away from neoliberal educational policies. As a result, Chile has partially adopted international standards in its citizenship education curricular guidelines, with some notable omissions such as the ideas of global citizenship and multiculturalism. Actors’ interests and preferences, as well as normative ideas and debates, are ubiquitous; therefore, no adversarial or deliberative approach by its own could explain citizenship education as a public policy. Instead, the analysis provided in this chapter applies an institutional perspective that integrates the adversarial and deliberative approaches into a long-term process that defines institutional development, historical legacies, and social and political context.