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Browsing CEDEUS by Subject "620"
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- ItemA lightweight fiber-based approach to reduce the risk of concrete detachment in shotcrete fortified tunnels(2020) Ortiz, C.; Lillo Gallardo, Patricio Andrés; López Casanova, Mauricio Alejandro; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (Chile)
- ItemAnalysis and comparison of two vegetative roof heat and mass transfer models in three different climates(2019) Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo; Pinto, Camilo; Tabares Velasco, Paulo César; Molina, Germán; Flamant, Gilles; Bustamante Gómez, Waldo; Pianella, Andrea; Kincaid, Nicholas; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (Chile)
- ItemDeveloping a very high-strength low-CO2 cementitious matrix based on a multi-binder approach for structural lightweight aggregate concrete(2020) Mena, J.; González, Marcelo; Remesar Lera, José Carlos; López Casanova, Mauricio Alejandro; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (Chile)
- ItemEnvironmental health risk perception: Adaptation of a population-based questionnaire from latin america(MDPI AG, 2021) Cortés Arancibia, Sandra Isabel; Burgos, Soledad; Adaros, Héctor; Lucero, Boris; Quiróz-Alcalá, Lesliam; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (Chile)BACKGROUND: Environmental risk assessments and interventions to mitigate environmental risks are essential to protect public health. While the objective measurement of environmental hazards is important, it is also critical to address the subjective perception of health risks. A population’s perception of environmental health hazards is a powerful driving force for action and engagement in safety and health behaviors and can also inform the development of effective and more sustainable environmental health policies. To date, no instruments are available to assess risk perception of environmental health hazards in South America even though there are many concerning issues in the region, including mining. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to adapt and validate an environmental health risk perception questionnaire in a Chilean population affected by mining activity among other risks frequently reported in Latin American countries and included the collection of information on trust on public information sources. METHODS: We adapted an Australian risk perception questionnaire for validation in an adult population from a Chilean mining community. This adaptation included two blinded translations (direct, inverse), a pre-test study (n = 20) and a review by environmental health experts. Principal Component Analyses (PCA) was used to identify factors within major domains of interest. The Bartlett test of sphericity, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure and the Cronbach α test were used to assess the instrument’s validity and reliability. The instrument was pilot tested in 205 adults from a mining community in Chañaral. RESULTS: The final adapted questionnaire proved to be a good instrument to measure risk perception in a community chronically exposed to mining waste. For community risks, four factors explained 59.4% of the variance. “Global Issues” (30.2%) included air pollution, contamination of mining, ozone layer depletion and vector diseases. For personal risks, the first two components explained 59.5% of the variance, the main factor (36.7%) was “unhealthy behaviors within the household”. For trust in information, the first factor (36.2%) included as main sources “Media and authorities”. The Cronbach α ranged between 0.68 and 0.75; and the KMO test between 0.7 to 0.79 for community and personal risks and trust. CONCLUSIONS: The final questionnaire is a simple, reliable and useful instrument that can assist in evaluating environmental health risk perceptions in Latin American countries.
- ItemImpact of physical and physicochemical properties of supplementary cementitious materials on structural build-up of cement-based pastes(2020) Navarrete Leschot, Iván Ignacio; Kurama, Y.; Escalona, Néstor; López Casanova, Mauricio Alejandro; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (Chile)
- ItemImproved balance between compressive strength and thermal conductivity of insulating and structural lightweight concretes for low rise construction(2020) Remesar Lera, José Carlos; Simon, F.; Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo; López Casanova, Mauricio Alejandro; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (Chile)
- ItemMeasuring heterogeneous perception of urban space with massive data and machine learning: An application to safety(2021) Ramírez Sarmiento, Tomás Ignacio; Hurtubia, Ricardo; Löbel Díaz, Hans-Albert; Rossetti, T.; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (Chile)Urban space safety Machine learning Heterogeneous perception Built environment In the last decade, large street imagery data sets and machine learning developments have allowed increasing scalability of methodologies to understand the effects of landscape attributes on the way they are perceived. However, these new methodologies have not incorporated individual heterogeneity in their analysis, even though differences by gender and other sociodemographic characteristics in the perception of safety and other aspects of landscapes and public spaces have been widely studied in social sciences and urban planning in lower scale studies. In the present study, we combine computational and statistical tools to develop a methodological proposal with high scalability and low implementation cost, which helps to identify and measure heterogeneous perception and its correlation to the presence of elements in the landscape. To achieve this, we implement a survey of perception of public spaces, collecting sociodemographic information of respondents. Then, we fit a discrete choice model to quantify perceptions of these spaces using a parametrization of images that jointly considers semantic segmentation and object detection as input. Our results show heterogeneity in the perception of safety in public spaces according to gender and the observer’s habitual mobility choices. The model is then applied to the city of Santiago, Chile. This produces a map of safety perception for different types of users. The proposed method and the obtained results can be a relevant input for the design of public spaces and decision making in the urban planning process.
- ItemMulti-objective optimization to balance thermal comfort and energy use in a mining camp located in the Andes Mountains at high altitude(2020) Dietz, A.; Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo; Bustamante Gómez, Waldo; Flamant, G.; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (Chile)
- ItemPartitioning of copper at the confluences of Andean rivers(2020) Montecinos Alarcón, Mauricio Alejandro; Coquery, M.; Alsina, M. A.; Bretier, M.; Gaillard, J. F.; Dabrin, A.; Pastén González, Pablo Arturo; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (Chile)
- ItemThe effect of expansive agent and cooling rate in the performance of expanded glass lightweight aggregate as an internal curing agent(2020) Cuevas, K.; López Casanova, Mauricio Alejandro; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (Chile)
- ItemTowards a more accurate shrinkage modeling of lightweight and infra-lightweight concrete(2020) Labbe, S.; López Casanova, Mauricio Alejandro; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (Chile)
- ItemUnderstanding the effect of porosity on the mechanical and thermal performance of glass foam lightweight aggregates and the influence of production factors(2019) Arriagada, C.; Navarrete Leschot, Iván Ignacio; López Casanova, Mauricio Alejandro; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (Chile)