3.18 Tesis doctorado

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Browsing 3.18 Tesis doctorado by Subject "570"

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    Brassinosteroids as a tool for color improvement in red table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.).
    (2019) Vergara Valderrama, Alexis Esteban; Pérez Donoso, Alonso Gastón; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal
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    Development of Run1Ren1 grapevine plants (Vitis vinifera) resistant to Erysiphe necator (powdery mildew)
    (2022) Sosa Zúñiga, Viviana; Arce Johnson, Jorge Patricio; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal
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    Ethylene and Nitrogen crosstalk in Solanum lycopersicum defense against Botrytis cinerea infection
    (2023) Huidobro Marín, Camila; Arce Johnson, Jorge Patricio; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal
    Durante la respuesta de defensa a Botrytis cinerea, Solanum lycopersicum presenta una menor susceptibilidad mientras exista una mayor biodisponibilidad de nitrógeno. El mecanismo por el que esto ocurre no se encuentra dilucidado. Cabe destacar que en otras especies como Arabidopsis thaliana, se da el caso contrario. En este trabajo, se estudió una posible diafonía entre etileno y nitrógeno mediando la defensa en plantas de tomate infectadas con botrytis. Para abordar este tema, se realizaron tratamientos con etileno exógeno y un inhibidor de esta hormona en plantas crecidas en concentraciones contrastantes de nitrógeno e infectadas con botrytis. Se evaluó el tamaño de lesión durante la progresión de la enfermedad, encontrando que las lesiones presentan diámetros significativamente menores en los grupos tratados con etileno y altas concentraciones de nitrógeno disponible. Se identificaron genes de etileno, defensa y nitrógeno que responden diferencialmente a la combinación de la etileno, nitrógeno y tiempo de infección. Paralelamente, se realizó una comparación de los transcriptomas de tomate y A. thaliana, identificando diferencias sutiles en el comportamiento transcriptómico de ambas especies asociadas a la biodisponibilidad de nitrógeno. En conjunto, estos resultados indican una diafonía entre etileno y nitrógeno dependiente del tiempo de infección durante el desarrollo de la enfermedad causada por botrytis en plantas de tomate.
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    Physiological behavior of own rooted vine plants and rootstock effect on growth and PIP and TIP aquaporin leaf expression in Vitis vinifera L. (cv. Cabernet Sauvignon)
    (2022) Galaz Seguel, Andrea Paz; Gambardella C., Marina; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal
    Water scarcity is an increasingly important problem affecting the main wine-producing areas, and therefore, it is of great interest to study the physiological and molecular mechanisms that occur during periods of drought. Based on the stomatal behavior, two different strategies for facing water stress have been described: isohydric and anisohydric. Nevertheless, this classification is still not clear, and the effect of the rootstock on the whole plant response is still unknown. In this context, two assays were carried out, in both plants were subjected to water stress periods of 7 and 14 days and to a recovery period. In the first one, four Vitis spp. own-rooted genotypes were studied, two rootstocks (1103P and SO4) and two cultivars (Cabernet Sauvignon and Carménère). Stem water potential, stomatal conductance, and growth rate were evaluated. Near anisohydric behavior was observed in all genotypes studied. The second assay consisted of three scion/rootstock combinations, Cabernet Sauvignon grafted onto itself, 1103P and 101-14. Although no differences were observed in stomatal conductance and stem water potential, near isohydric behavior was observed for the homograft, and near anisohydric behavior was found for the combinations. During the recovery period, significant differences were detected in the leaf expression levels of aquaporin genes VvPIP2;1, VvPIP2;2, VvTIP1;1 and VvTIP2;1. Cabernet Sauvignon plants grafted over 1103P and 101-14- showed higher expression levels. C. Sauvignon combined with rootstocks of different genetic backgrounds, responded better to the water suspension treatment, and its recovery was faster, demonstrating the benefits of genotype interactions in these responses.
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    Use of biotechnological tools as support to domestication and breeding of Argylia radiata (L.) D. Don.
    (2019) Morales Tapia, Pablo Andrés; Montenegro Rizzardini, Gloria; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal