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Browsing Centros UC by browse.metadata.categoria "Ingeniería"
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- ItemA bumpy ride: structural inequalities, quality standards, and institutional limitations affecting cycling infrastructure(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Tiznado-Aitken, Ignacio; Mora Vega, Rodrigo; Oyarzun, Gabriel; Vergara, Jaime; Vecchio, Giovanni; CEDEUS (Chile)Structural socio-economic and institutional limitations can affect the implementation of cycling infrastructure. More stringent cycling infrastructure standards aiming to solve deficiencies might exacerbate disparities, especially in poor districts with fragmentary governance. Using an audit and quantitative and spatial analysis of cycleways, this paper examines to what extent structural inequalities and governance issues affect the availability and quality of cycling infrastructure, considering new indicative and normative standards aiming at improving cycling infrastructure in Santiago, Chile. Our results show that the distribution of cycleways is unequal and only partially complies with national quality standards. All districts in the city have both high and low standard bicycle lanes, but since district finances have huge differences, this can lead to inequalities in cycle coverage and districts' capabilities to address current standard problems. This raises relevant challenges regarding governance and how to ensure an equitable distribution of cycling infrastructure in Global South cities.
- ItemA critical review of heat and mass transfer in vegetative roof models used in building energy and urban enviroment simulation tools(2018) Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo; Pinto, Camilo; Tabares Velasco, Paulo Cesar; Bustamante Gómez, Waldo; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemA discrete-event public transportation simulation model to evaluate travel demand management impacts on waiting times and crowding conditions(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Soza-Parra, J.; Tiznado-Aitken, Ignacio; Muñoz Abogabir, Juan Carlos; CEDEUS (Chile)Several approaches have been proposed and adopted by researchers and decision-makers to improve and deal with public transport operation issues, especially travel demand management (TDM) measures. Disruptions like lockdowns provoked by weather conditions, political riots, special events, natural disaster issues, or the recent COVID-19 pandemic create a need for tools to manage public transport demand and supply o keep users circulating in an efficient, convenient and safe manner. Our work develops a simulation tool of the operations of a public transport system using smart card, GTFS and census data to evaluate the impacts of different intervention scenarios using the pandemic context as a case study. Using a pre-pandemic baseline scenario, we study the impact of several travel demand and public transport supply measures, focusing the analysis on waiting times and crowding conditions inside vehicles and platforms. As a result, we generate easy-to-analyze visual outputs that facilitate prioritizing actions at the metropolitan and district level, identifying where and when waiting times and crowding conditions would exceed certain thresholds.
- ItemA Dynamic, Multivariate Sustainability Measure for Robust Analysis of Water Management under Climate and Demand Uncertainty in an Arid Environment(2015) Hunter Cure, Christian Kent; Gironás León, Jorge Alfredo; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemA flexible and time-efficient schedule-based communication tool for integrated lighting and thermal simulations of spaces with controlled artificial lighting and complex fenestration systems(2016) Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo; Bustamante Gómez, Waldo; Molina, G.; Uribe, D.; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemA GIS-based urban and peri-urban landscape representation toolbox for hydrological distributed modeling(2017) Sanzana Cuevas, Pedro Pablo; Gironás León, Jorge Alfredo; Brand, I.; Branger, F.; Rodríguez, F.; Vargas, X.; Hitschfeld, N.; Muñoz Pardo, José Francisco; Vicuña, Sebastián; Mejía, A.; Jankowski, S.; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemA lightweight fiber-based approach to reduce the risk of concrete detachment in shotcrete fortified tunnels(2020) Ortiz, C.; Lillo Gallardo, Patricio Andrés; López Casanova, Mauricio Alejandro; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemA methodology for assessing the chemical and physical potential of industrially sourced rice husk ash on strength development and early-age hydration of cement paste(2017) Zunino Sommariva, Franco; López Casanova, Mauricio Alejandro; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemA Novel Offsite Construction Method for Social Housing in Emerging Economies for Low Cost and Reduced Environmental Impact(MDPI, 2023) Tapia Reed, Danilo Alejandro; González Hormazábal, Marcelo Andrés; Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo; Aguilar, CarlosOffsite construction methods have shown many advantages over traditional construction techniques, especially related to efficiency and productivity during the construction phase. Nevertheless, offsite construction generally involves oversizing the internal structure of the modules due to the internal stresses produced during transport and lifting operations, producing an increase in material usage, direct cost, and carbon footprint. In developing countries, the direct cost of social housing is the most important factor determining the feasibility of construction. For this reason, oversizing the internal structure of the modules can play an important role in the adoption of a modern construction technique such as offsite construction systems. In order to solve this issue, a temporary reusable stiffener structure is proposed to allow an economical offsite construction system using a lightweight steel framing structure used in traditional methods. The reusable structure was designed using a finite element method, and the direct cost and carbon footprint of the structure were evaluated. The results show that the proposed construction strategy allows for a low cost and reduced environmental impact due to a lower usage of materials in the modules and the possibility of a circular economy approach to the reusable structure.
- ItemA quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the sustainability of industrialised building systems: A bibliographic review and analysis of case studies(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) López Guerrero, Rafael Eduardo; Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo; Carpio Martínez, Manuel; CEDEUS (Chile)The building construction has a significant impact on sustainability worldwide. However, industrialised building systems (IBS) might reduce these impacts compared to traditional building systems (TBS). Previous literature reviews have analysed IBS's sustainability, based primarily on environmental aspects and through qualitative indicators, disregarding a detailed quantitative comparison between both technologies and nor considering economic and social sustainability indicators. To fill this gap, this paper aims to evaluate vis-à-vis IBS's sustainability in relation to TBS, based on the quantitative and qualitative indicators studied in the literature. Thus, an exhaustive bibliographic review of IBS and TBS case studies was conducted. In total, 67 scientific papers were selected (papers, book chapters and reports), containing 86 case studies. Major findings indicated that IBS are more sustainable in almost all studied values – except construction costs. Nevertheless, this advantage depends on material design, prefabrication levels, transportation, work management and each author's methodological approaches. These factors are discussed to explain the reasons for IBS′ sustainability. Furthermore, main conclusions indicate that sustainability assessments have been unbalanced in literature, with few analyses of economic and social performance, and some indicators have been poorly studied (e.g., water and acidification potential), so their results are not yet representative. Similarly, reusability, prefabrication levels and the social indicators of IBS were insufficiently analysed in the reviewed case studies. Finally, the current review highlights IBS sustainability indicators that have been less studied in order to motivate new investigations in the broader field, exposing the IBS sustainability outlook and other research gaps.
- ItemA rule-based approach for preventive identification of potential conflictive criteria in mining operations in Chile(2018) Ocampo-Melgar, Anahi; Gironás León, Jorge Alfredo; Valls, Aida; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemA transient model for temperature prediction in a salt-gradient solar pond and the ground beneath it(2017) Amigo, J.; Meza, Francisco Javier; Suárez, F.; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemA. TDR-waveform approach to estimate soil water content in electrically conductive soils(2016) Cristi, F.; Fierro, V.; Suárez Poch, Francisco Ignacio; Muñoz Abogabir, Juan Carlos; Hausner, M.; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemAccessibility Indicators for the Geographical Assessment of Transport Planning in Latin-America Metropolitan Area(MDPI, 2021) Martínez, Marcela ; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Condeço-Melhorado, Ana; Carrasco, Juan Antonio; CEDEUS (Chile)Accessibility represents a key element in strengthening developed regions in terms of investment in transportation infrastructure. Accessibility is also an equity indicator to measure the ease with which a specific location achieves desired outcomes as well as the spillover effect; traditionally, these effects have been analyzed with econometric and engineering techniques, rather than from the perspective of geographical studies. The purpose of this research is to measure the spillover effects and the territorial cohesion of Infrastructure Regional Planning (PRI) for the Latin American metropolitan area of Concepción (MAC), Chile. To meet this purpose, locational and network efficiency indicators of spatial accessibility were calculated using network analysis in GIS. The results showed that the improvements differ according to the accessibility indicator employed; however, they generally showed benefits in consolidated urban centers and corridors near investment and industrial areas. In contrast, more distant and rural areas presented limited and irregular benefits.
- ItemAcid Water Neutralization Using Microbial Fuel Cells: An Alternative for Acid Mine Drainage Treatment(2016) Leiva, Eduardo; Leiva Aravena, Enzo; Vargas Cucurella, Ignacio Tomás; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemAlleviating a subway bottleneck through a platform gate(2018) Carlos Munoz, Juan; Soza Parra, Jaime Antonio; Didier, Arturo; Silva, Constanza; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemAn analytical model for controlling disruptions on a metro line(2020) Bueno Cadena, Carlos Enrique; Muñoz Abogabir, Juan Carlos; Tirachini Hernández, Alejandro; CEDEUS (Chile)A control framework is developed that regulates a Metro-type rail line in the presence of disruptions while taking into account the tradeoff between user and operator (energy consumption) costs. Unlike approaches based solely on computational intensive optimization models, the proposed methodology is based on three eminently solvable analytical models. These formulations sequentially apply train holding and speed control strategies with the objective of reducing social cost. In the initial phase immediately following a disruption, one of the holding models determines the magnitude of the holds to be imposed on each train on the line. Once the trains are moving again and the recovery period begins, the other holding model and the speed control model take over, defining respectively the train holdings at each of the stations and the train speeds between them. Simulation results demonstrate that the framework's performance is similar to that of an optimization model applying overall control to the entire system. The methodology can also be used to reveal the effects of different relevant parameters on the control decisions to be taken.
- ItemAn experimental and numerical study of evaporation reduction in a salt-gradient solar pond using floating discs(2017) Silva, Cristóbal; González, Daniel; Suárez Poch, Francisco Ignacio; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemAn integrated thermal and lighting simulation tool to support the design process of complex fenestration systems for office buildings(2017) Bustamante Gómez, Waldo; Uribe, Daniel; Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo; Molina, Germán; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemAnalysis and comparison of two vegetative roof heat and mass transfer models in three different climates(2019) Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo; Pinto, Camilo; Tabares Velasco, Paulo César; Molina, Germán; Flamant, Gilles; Bustamante Gómez, Waldo; Pianella, Andrea; Kincaid, Nicholas; CEDEUS (Chile)