Browsing by Author "Figueroa, Cristhian"

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    Del barrio al conjunto: Espacio público y sociabilidad en la vivienda social de Santiago
    (UNIV CHILE, 2022) Link, Felipe; Senoret, Andres; Figueroa, Cristhian; CEDEUS (Chile)
    Chilean housing policy has suffered a profound transformation during the last decades. In the sixties and the beginning of the seventies a model emerged based on community attributes, promoting community organization and the construction of well-provided neighborhoods that, in addition, had abundant public space. In 1973, the focus shifted with the implementation of a subsidiary model that promoted single-family and individual solutions and payed far less attention to the collective development of the residential habitat. Although the continuation of this model until today has significantly reduced the housing shortage, it has been unable able to reproduce a residential space of community ties. This article aims to investigate the impacts of both models on the configuration, use and appropriation of the public space and the neighborhood sociability of the residents through a multi-methods analysis of two social housing projects located in Santiago de Chile. The findings reaffirm the relevance of the history and the organization of the neighborhoods, but also confirm the significance of planned public spaces and the arrangement of the built environment as dimensions that can promote or suppress social practices.
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    Del barrio al conjunto: Espacio público y sociabilidad en la vivienda social de Santiago
    (Wiley, 2022) Link, Felipe; Senoret, Andres; Figueroa, Cristhian
    Chilean housing policy has suffered a profound transformation during the last decades. In the sixties and the beginning of the seventies a model emerged based on community attributes, promoting community organization and the construction of well-provided neighborhoods that, in addition, had abundant public space. In 1973, the focus shifted with the implementation of a subsidiary model that promoted single-family and individual solutions and payed far less attention to the collective development of the residential habitat. Although the continuation of this model until today has significantly reduced the housing shortage, it has been unable able to reproduce a residential space of community ties. This article aims to investigate the impacts of both models on the configuration, use and appropriation of the public space and the neighborhood sociability of the residents through a multi-methods analysis of two social housing projects located in Santiago de Chile. The findings reaffirm the relevance of the history and the organization of the neighborhoods, but also confirm the significance of planned public spaces and the arrangement of the built environment as dimensions that can promote or suppress social practices.
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    Efectos de las autopistas urbanas en sus entornos inmediatos: un análisis desde la sintaxis espacial
    (2018) Figueroa, Cristhian; Greene, Margarita; Mora, Rodrigo
    La inauguración del túnel bajo la avenida Kennedy en octubre de 2017 en Santiago, transformó en vía expresa el último tramo de la autopista oriente-poniente de la ciudad que aún mantenía ciertas características de vía local. Con ello, se puso fin a la primera etapa de autopistas urbanas que entraron en funcionamiento hace ya 20 años y que han sido cuestionadas desde distintos frentes. Este trabajo busca profundizar en el análisis de los efectos (positivos y negativos) que la actual red de autopistas urbanas tiene en los barrios adyacentes, usando el marco teórico y metodológico de la sintaxis espacial.Para ello se analizaron las cuatro autopistas que penetran en el tejido urbano (Autopista Central, Costanera Norte, Acceso Sur a Santiago y Américo Vespucio), y tres escenarios: situación base, ciudad gratuita, y ciudad tarificada, considerando un buffer de 500 metros desde cada autopista para el análisis.Los resultados mostraron que la integración global o accesibilidad global de la red de calles, varió fuertemente en las cuatro autopistas analizadas, mientras que la integración local (accesibilidad a nivel de barrio) no muestra mayores cambios. Las variaciones a nivel global se explican por la forma en que fue intervenida la trama de calles vecinas a las autopistas: mientras en algunos casos se hizo un esfuerzo por generar continuidad entre ambos lados de la vía donde antes no la había (por ejemplo, Costanera Norte donde se construyeron nuevos puentes sobre el río Mapocho); en otros la intervención de las autopistas sobre la trama de calles tendió a dividir barrios que antes eran uno solo (por ejemplo Acceso Sur).Lo anterior muestra que los efectos negativos de las autopistas en los barrios pueden ser mitigados (en gran medida), con un adecuado diseño de las conexiones en sus bordes. Pasados 20 años desde la primera autopista urbana en Santiago, parece necesario que estas infraestructuras comiencen a ser evaluadas como proyectos urbanos con consecuencias en sus entornos.
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    LA ARQUITECTURA DE LA DENSIDAD
    (2017) Mora Vega, Rodrigo; Greene, Margarita; Figueroa, Cristhian; Rothmann, Carlos
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    La crisis del COVID-19 en Chile: análisis de las transformaciones en el tejido social de los barrios del Gran Santiago
    (2024) Fuentes Arce, Luis Alejandro; Greene Zúñiga, Margarita; Rodríguez, Sebastián; Figueroa, Cristhian
    La comunicación inicial en la crisis sanitaria en Chile se focalizó en el autocuidado indivi-dual, pero la difusión espacial de los contagios desnudó graves problemas en la configuración espacial de nuestras ciudades. Así, barrio y vivienda, tuvieron nuevosusos, que, si bien se dan en un contexto que amplifica las desigualdades socio espaciales tradicionales existentes antes de la pandemia, también muestran particularidades propias de su localización en la ciudad, con respecto a equipamientos, acce-sibilidade identidad. Usando datos de una encuesta EPDUS realizada pre y post crisis del COVID-19, este trabajo describe las condiciones socioterritoriales, los cambios en los usos y prácticas espaciales, el rol de los vínculos sociales y el papel del barrio como escala de contención y apoyo mutuo para enfrentar la pandemia. La conclusión nos muestra que diferentes tipologías de barrio en el área metro-politana de Santiago configuran espacios desiguales que determinan la posibilidad de construcción de vínculos sociales de apoyo, colaboración y cuidado en crisis como la del COVID-19. Palabras clave: COVID-19; crisis; barrio; vivienda; Gran Santiago.
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    THE ARCHITECTURE OF DENSITY
    (UNIV DIEGO PORTALES, 2017) Mora, Rodrigo; Greene, Margarita; Figueroa, Cristhian; Rothmann, Carlos
    The need for more dense and vital cities has been promoted by academia since the 1960s and by international organizations since the 1980s. On the other hand, the last census showed that the district of Santiago started gaining population, a process not seen since 1970, while peri-central districts exhibit high real-estate dynamism. In spite of this, the densification of residential areas is increasingly resisted by traditional residents, for whom the high-rise tower, the typical way to densify cities in Chile, is a detriment in their quality of life.
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    The city oF NoN-care: Walking and Elder People During the Pandemic
    (Wiley, 2021) Herrmann-Lunecke, Marie Geraldine; Figueroa, Cristhian; Parra, Francisca; Mora, Rodrigo
    The pandemic forced the elderly to establish strict quarantines. But that measure of care prevented them from performing a daily self-care exercise: the urban walk. Based on this dilemma, the following research confirms how the city becomes hostile to the elderly, turning into an environment of “non-care.”.
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    The city oF NoN-care: Walking and Elder People During the Pandemic
    (2021) Herrmann-Lunecke, Marie Geraldine; Figueroa, Cristhian; Parra, Francisca; Mora, Rodrigo
    The pandemic forced the elderly to establish strict quarantines. But that measure of care prevented them from performing a daily self-care exercise: the urban walk. Based on this dilemma, the following research confirms how the city becomes hostile to the elderly, turning into an environment of “non-care.”.
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    The Disabling City: Older Persons Walking in Central Neighbourhoods of Santiago de Chile
    (2022) Herrmann-Lunecke, Marie Geraldine; Figueroa, Cristhian; Parra Huerta, Francisca; Mora, Rodrigo; CEDEUS (Chile)
    Walking reports numerous benefits for older persons, yet its practice can be hindered by the built environment. This article seeks to understand how and why certain elements of the built environment facilitate or impede the everyday trips older persons complete on foot. It reports the findings of a set of walking interviews conducted in four central neighbourhoods of Santiago de Chile, where forty older persons were invited to walk and talk about the trips they complete on foot and the aspects that facilitate or hinder them. The findings reveal that older persons are aware of the benefits of walking and travel regularly on foot despite the barriers they find in their neighbourhoods. The presence/absence of greenery, the conditions of the facades and the level of cleanliness of the streets affect older persons’ walking experience and can increase/diminish their willingness to walk. Damaged and poorly designed pedestrian infrastructure can cause fear, provoke accidents and become serious hazards. Older persons develop strategies to overcome these barriers, yet the data suggest that they see Santiago as a “disabling city” because it has obstacles that could be unsurmountable in a near future if an illness or an accident diminishes their abilities.
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    Towards a sustainable city: Applying urban renewal incentives according to the social and urban characteristics of the area
    (2017) Greene, Margarita; Mora Vega, Rodrigo; Figueroa, Cristhian; Waintrub, Natan; Ortúzar Salas, Juan de Dios; CEDEUS (Chile)