3.18 Tesis doctorado

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Browsing 3.18 Tesis doctorado by Author "Gambardella C., Marina"

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    Characterization of the primocane flowering trait in the red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) and the effect of low temperature
    (2018) Contreras Moya, Elida; Gambardella C., Marina; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal
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    Physiological behavior of own rooted vine plants and rootstock effect on growth and PIP and TIP aquaporin leaf expression in Vitis vinifera L. (cv. Cabernet Sauvignon)
    (2022) Galaz Seguel, Andrea Paz; Gambardella C., Marina; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal
    Water scarcity is an increasingly important problem affecting the main wine-producing areas, and therefore, it is of great interest to study the physiological and molecular mechanisms that occur during periods of drought. Based on the stomatal behavior, two different strategies for facing water stress have been described: isohydric and anisohydric. Nevertheless, this classification is still not clear, and the effect of the rootstock on the whole plant response is still unknown. In this context, two assays were carried out, in both plants were subjected to water stress periods of 7 and 14 days and to a recovery period. In the first one, four Vitis spp. own-rooted genotypes were studied, two rootstocks (1103P and SO4) and two cultivars (Cabernet Sauvignon and Carménère). Stem water potential, stomatal conductance, and growth rate were evaluated. Near anisohydric behavior was observed in all genotypes studied. The second assay consisted of three scion/rootstock combinations, Cabernet Sauvignon grafted onto itself, 1103P and 101-14. Although no differences were observed in stomatal conductance and stem water potential, near isohydric behavior was observed for the homograft, and near anisohydric behavior was found for the combinations. During the recovery period, significant differences were detected in the leaf expression levels of aquaporin genes VvPIP2;1, VvPIP2;2, VvTIP1;1 and VvTIP2;1. Cabernet Sauvignon plants grafted over 1103P and 101-14- showed higher expression levels. C. Sauvignon combined with rootstocks of different genetic backgrounds, responded better to the water suspension treatment, and its recovery was faster, demonstrating the benefits of genotype interactions in these responses.
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    Physiological process involved in the flowering habit of ‘Chilean white strawberry’ (F. chiloensis subsp. chiloensis f. chiloensis).
    (2020) Grez, Javiera; Gambardella C., Marina; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal
    The Chilean white strawberry (F. chiloensis subsp. chiloensis f. chiloensis) is a native genotype that only emits one inflorescence per plant during the season, unlike its descendant, the cultivated red strawberry (F. x ananassa). To determine the main processes involved in this response, several studies of plant morphology, floral induction, dormancy and branching were carried out. The main results indicated that floral induction does not respond photoperiod pathway as in F. x ananassa, and it is favored at low temperatures (below 9ºC). For dormancy release, the chilean white strawberry requires between 900-1,000 chilling units. Finally, the branching increased in response to decapitation and not to the Prohexadione-calcium application, as observed in F. x ananassa. These results allow to conclude that the flowering habit of Chilean white strawberry is defined by the low floral induction and branching. The species would have vernalization requirements for floral induction, not fulfilled in a climate change context. On the other hand, the strong apical dominance proven could be related to the domestication process of this crop. This new knowledge will allow adjusting cultivation and plant propagation techniques to improve the fruit production and avoid the disappearance of this important crop in Chile.