Effect of saline irrigation on the carotenoids biosynthesis and fruit development of Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro Tom.
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Date
2019
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Abstract
Salinity is an environmental factor that limits plants growth and crop productivity,
affecting biochemical and physiological mechanisms, as well as morphology in
diverse plants. Decreasing in the photosynthetic capacity triggers important changes
in plant development. It has been described that saline stress induce lipids, proteins
and nucleic acids oxidative damage. To survive to these negative conditions, plants
synthesize antioxidant molecules and detoxifying enzymes, in order to protect plant
tissues against propagation of oxidative and cytotoxics species. In this context,
Lycopene and ß-carotene have been correlated with antioxidant activities in several
fruits. In a plant with moderate tolerance to salinity, such as tomato, high levels of
NaCl decrease fruit size, number of leaves and stomatal density, reduce crop yield
and negatively affect the carotenoids concentration. Interestingly, tomato plants
exposed to low salinity significantly modifies the photosynthetic capacity, enhances
carotenoid fruit accumulation and could improve tomato taste by increasing sugar
and organic acids content. In this work, the effect of saline irrigation on the
carotenoids biosynthesis and fruit development of Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro
Tom was studied. The results showed that after 8 weeks of irrigation with a 80mM
to 160mM NaCl solutions negatively modified photosynthetic capacity, in terms of
net photosynthesis, stomatic conductivity, photochemical efficiency, electron
transport rate and non photochemical quenching. Also, after 14 weeks of a 40 to 160
mM salinity treatments, tomato fruits showed an early coloration, increasing the solid
soluble content in comparison with the control. However, a reduction in fruit caliber
and fresh weight was observed from 80 mM NaCl onwards. Finally, salinity
treatments differentially changed expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes and
increased accumulation of several carotenoids under 120 to 160mM. Altogether,
these results suggest that long term salt irrigation correlates with earliness in tomato,
a major breeding characteristic in crop plants.Salinity is an environmental factor that limits plants growth and crop productivity,
affecting biochemical and physiological mechanisms, as well as morphology in
diverse plants. Decreasing in the photosynthetic capacity triggers important changes
in plant development. It has been described that saline stress induce lipids, proteins
and nucleic acids oxidative damage. To survive to these negative conditions, plants
synthesize antioxidant molecules and detoxifying enzymes, in order to protect plant
tissues against propagation of oxidative and cytotoxics species. In this context,
Lycopene and ß-carotene have been correlated with antioxidant activities in several
fruits. In a plant with moderate tolerance to salinity, such as tomato, high levels of
NaCl decrease fruit size, number of leaves and stomatal density, reduce crop yield
and negatively affect the carotenoids concentration. Interestingly, tomato plants
exposed to low salinity significantly modifies the photosynthetic capacity, enhances
carotenoid fruit accumulation and could improve tomato taste by increasing sugar
and organic acids content. In this work, the effect of saline irrigation on the
carotenoids biosynthesis and fruit development of Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro
Tom was studied. The results showed that after 8 weeks of irrigation with a 80mM
to 160mM NaCl solutions negatively modified photosynthetic capacity, in terms of
net photosynthesis, stomatic conductivity, photochemical efficiency, electron
transport rate and non photochemical quenching. Also, after 14 weeks of a 40 to 160
mM salinity treatments, tomato fruits showed an early coloration, increasing the solid
soluble content in comparison with the control. However, a reduction in fruit caliber
and fresh weight was observed from 80 mM NaCl onwards. Finally, salinity
treatments differentially changed expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes and
increased accumulation of several carotenoids under 120 to 160mM. Altogether,
these results suggest that long term salt irrigation correlates with earliness in tomato,
a major breeding characteristic in crop plants.Salinity is an environmental factor that limits plants growth and crop productivity,
affecting biochemical and physiological mechanisms, as well as morphology in
diverse plants. Decreasing in the photosynthetic capacity triggers important changes
in plant development. It has been described that saline stress induce lipids, proteins
and nucleic acids oxidative damage. To survive to these negative conditions, plants
synthesize antioxidant molecules and detoxifying enzymes, in order to protect plant
tissues against propagation of oxidative and cytotoxics species. In this context,
Lycopene and ß-carotene have been correlated with antioxidant activities in several
fruits. In a plant with moderate tolerance to salinity, such as tomato, high levels of
NaCl decrease fruit size, number of leaves and stomatal density, reduce crop yield
and negatively affect the carotenoids concentration. Interestingly, tomato plants
exposed to low salinity significantly modifies the photosynthetic capacity, enhances
carotenoid fruit accumulation and could improve tomato taste by increasing sugar
and organic acids content. In this work, the effect of saline irrigation on the
carotenoids biosynthesis and fruit development of Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro
Tom was studied. The results showed that after 8 weeks of irrigation with a 80mM
to 160mM NaCl solutions negatively modified photosynthetic capacity, in terms of
net photosynthesis, stomatic conductivity, photochemical efficiency, electron
transport rate and non photochemical quenching. Also, after 14 weeks of a 40 to 160
mM salinity treatments, tomato fruits showed an early coloration, increasing the solid
soluble content in comparison with the control. However, a reduction in fruit caliber
and fresh weight was observed from 80 mM NaCl onwards. Finally, salinity
treatments differentially changed expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes and
increased accumulation of several carotenoids under 120 to 160mM. Altogether,
these results suggest that long term salt irrigation correlates with earliness in tomato,
a major breeding characteristic in crop plants.Salinity is an environmental factor that limits plants growth and crop productivity,
affecting biochemical and physiological mechanisms, as well as morphology in
diverse plants. Decreasing in the photosynthetic capacity triggers important changes
in plant development. It has been described that saline stress induce lipids, proteins
and nucleic acids oxidative damage. To survive to these negative conditions, plants
synthesize antioxidant molecules and detoxifying enzymes, in order to protect plant
tissues against propagation of oxidative and cytotoxics species. In this context,
Lycopene and ß-carotene have been correlated with antioxidant activities in several
fruits. In a plant with moderate tolerance to salinity, such as tomato, high levels of
NaCl decrease fruit size, number of leaves and stomatal density, reduce crop yield
and negatively affect the carotenoids concentration. Interestingly, tomato plants
exposed to low salinity significantly modifies the photosynthetic capacity, enhances
carotenoid fruit accumulation and could improve tomato taste by increasing sugar
and organic acids content. In this work, the effect of saline irrigation on the
carotenoids biosynthesis and fruit development of Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro
Tom was studied. The results showed that after 8 weeks of irrigation with a 80mM
to 160mM NaCl solutions negatively modified photosynthetic capacity, in terms of
net photosynthesis, stomatic conductivity, photochemical efficiency, electron
transport rate and non photochemical quenching. Also, after 14 weeks of a 40 to 160
mM salinity treatments, tomato fruits showed an early coloration, increasing the solid
soluble content in comparison with the control. However, a reduction in fruit caliber
and fresh weight was observed from 80 mM NaCl onwards. Finally, salinity
treatments differentially changed expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes and
increased accumulation of several carotenoids under 120 to 160mM. Altogether,
these results suggest that long term salt irrigation correlates with earliness in tomato,
a major breeding characteristic in crop plants.Salinity is an environmental factor that limits plants growth and crop productivity,
affecting biochemical and physiological mechanisms, as well as morphology in
diverse plants. Decreasing in the photosynthetic capacity triggers important changes
in plant development. It has been described that saline stress induce lipids, proteins
and nucleic acids oxidative damage. To survive to these negative conditions, plants
synthesize antioxidant molecules and detoxifying enzymes, in order to protect plant
tissues against propagation of oxidative and cytotoxics species. In this context,
Lycopene and ß-carotene have been correlated with antioxidant activities in several
fruits. In a plant with moderate tolerance to salinity, such as tomato, high levels of
NaCl decrease fruit size, number of leaves and stomatal density, reduce crop yield
and negatively affect the carotenoids concentration. Interestingly, tomato plants
exposed to low salinity significantly modifies the photosynthetic capacity, enhances
carotenoid fruit accumulation and could improve tomato taste by increasing sugar
and organic acids content. In this work, the effect of saline irrigation on the
carotenoids biosynthesis and fruit development of Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro
Tom was studied. The results showed that after 8 weeks of irrigation with a 80mM
to 160mM NaCl solutions negatively modified photosynthetic capacity, in terms of
net photosynthesis, stomatic conductivity, photochemical efficiency, electron
transport rate and non photochemical quenching. Also, after 14 weeks of a 40 to 160
mM salinity treatments, tomato fruits showed an early coloration, increasing the solid
soluble content in comparison with the control. However, a reduction in fruit caliber
and fresh weight was observed from 80 mM NaCl onwards. Finally, salinity
treatments differentially changed expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes and
increased accumulation of several carotenoids under 120 to 160mM. Altogether,
these results suggest that long term salt irrigation correlates with earliness in tomato,
a major breeding characteristic in crop plants.
Description
Tesis (Doctor in Agricultural Science)--Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2019