Browsing by Author "Velasco, Carolina"

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    Adverse Childhood Experiences: Mental Health Consequences and Risk Behaviors in Women and Men in Chile
    (2022) Ramirez Labbe, Sofia; Pia Santelices, Maria; Hamilton, James; Velasco, Carolina
    Studies conducted worldwide indicate that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are among the most intense and frequent sources of stress, considerably influencing mental and physical health while also resulting in risk behaviors in adulthood. Methodology: We used data from the Pilot National Survey of Adversity and Sexual Abuse in Childhood (2020), conducted by CUIDA UC, which comprises the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire [ACE-IQ] (Adapted). The cross-sectional methodology used made it possible to directly calculate the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences in the population sampled, at a single point in time. We performed a bivariate and univariate descriptive analysis, a correlation analysis, and a multivariate analysis, all of which will be detailed in the section entitled "General Data Analysis Procedure". Results: We found equally high rates of adverse childhood experiences in men and women, with community violence exhibiting the highest prevalence. We found significant low- to moderate-sized associations between the multiple types of ACEs considered and mental health problems, substance use problems, criminal behaviors, and intrafamily violence (IFV), which differed between men and women. Significant correlations were detected between the ACE score and mental health, substance use, criminal behaviors, and IFV in both men and women. Importantly, ACEs were found to be predictors of all of these variables, with differences observed between men and women. Conclusions: Nearly all participants reported having had at least one ACE and more than half reported had four or more ACEs. Those who had had four or more ACEs were more likely to report problems throughout their life. Having an ACE of any type was found to be a better predictor of mental health problems and IFV in men than in women and might be a stronger risk factor for substance use and criminal behaviors in women than in men.
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    Peptide multifunctionalized gold nanorods decrease toxicity of β-amyloid peptide in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of Alzheimer's disease
    (2017) Morales Zavala, Francisco; Arriagada, Hector; Hassan, Natalia; Velasco, Carolina; Riveros, Ana; Álvarez Rojas, Alejandra; Nogueras de Minniti, Alicia Susana; Rojas Silva, Ximena; Muñoz, Luis L.; Vasquez, Rodrigo
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    Reformas en salud: análisis y propuestas para el diálogo
    (Centro de Políticas Públicas UC, 2025) Benavides Salazar, Paula; Sugg Herrera, Daniela Constanza; Velasco, Carolina
    A veinte años de la gran reforma que creó las Garantías Explícitas en Salud (GES), el sistema sanitario chileno vuelve a encarar un ciclo decisivo: mientras persiste el consenso sobre la necesidad de fortalecerlo, distintas visiones han trabado los cambios estructurales. Hoy las iniciativas en marcha —desde la eliminación del copago en la red pública y el reforzamiento de la Atención Primaria, hasta la Ley Corta de Isapres, la nueva Modalidad de Cobertura Complementaria de Fonasa, el Sistema de Acceso Priorizado y los proyectos encaminados a modernizar Fonasa, la red pública, el ISP, Cenabast y la Superintendencia de Salud— apuntan a responder a los desafíos de acceso, protección financiera y eficiencia que exhibe el modelo. Este documento ofrece una lectura técnica y pragmática de ese conjunto de propuestas, analiza su coherencia con el marco conceptual de cobertura universal en salud de la OMS y formula recomendaciones para lograr un sistema más integrado, equitativo y sostenible de cara a las próximas décadas.