Browsing by Author "Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés"

Now showing 1 - 17 of 17
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    A Call to Contextualize Public Opinion-Based Research in Political Communication
    (2019) Rojas, Hernando; Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés
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    A Study on Information Disorders on Social Networks during the Chilean Social Outbreak and COVID-19 Pandemic
    (2023) Mendoza Rocha, Marcelo; Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés; Núñez-Mussa, Enrique; Padilla Arenas, Fabián; Providel, Eliana; Campos, Sebastián; Bassi, Renato; Riquelme, Andrea; Aldana, Valeria; López, Claudia
    Information disorders on social media can have a significant impact on citizens’ participation in democratic processes. To better understand the spread of false and inaccurate information online, this research analyzed data from Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram. The data were collected and verified by professional fact-checkers in Chile between October 2019 and October 2021, a period marked by political and health crises. The study found that false information spreads faster and reaches more users than true information on Twitter and Facebook. Instagram, on the other hand, seemed to be less affected by this phenomenon. False information was also more likely to be shared by users with lower reading comprehension skills. True information, on the other hand, tended to be less verbose and generate less interest among audiences. This research provides valuable insights into the characteristics of misinformation and how it spreads online. By recognizing the patterns of how false information diffuses and how users interact with it, we can identify the circumstances in which false and inaccurate messages are prone to becoming widespread. This knowledge can help us to develop strategies to counter the spread of misinformation and protect the integrity of democratic processes.
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    A trend study in the stratification of social media use among urban youth: Chile 2009-2019
    (2021) Correa, Teresa; Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés
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    Agenda Setting and Journalism
    (2019) Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés
    People use the news media to learn about the world beyond their family, neighborhood, and workplace. As news consumers, we depend on what television, social media, websites, radio stations, and newspapers decide to inform us about. This is because all news media, whether through journalists or digital algorithms, select, process, and filter information to their users. Over time, the aspects that are prominent in the news media usually become prominent in public opinion. The ability of journalists to influence which issues, aspects of these issues, and persons related to these issues, are perceived as the most salient has come to be called the agenda-setting effect of journalism. First described by Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw in a seminal study conducted during the 1968 elections in the United States, agenda-setting theory has expanded to include several other aspects beyond the transfer of salience of issues from the media agenda to the public agenda. These aspects include: the influence of journalism on the attributes of issues and people that make news; the networks between the different elements in the media and public agendas; the determinants of the news media agenda; the psychological mechanisms that regulate agenda-setting effects; and the consequences of agenda setting on both citizens’ and policymakers’ attitudes and behaviors. As one of the most comprehensive and international theories of journalism studies available, agenda setting continues to evolve in the expanding digital media landscape.People use the news media to learn about the world beyond their family, neighborhood, and workplace. As news consumers, we depend on what television, social media, websites, radio stations, and newspapers decide to inform us about. This is because all news media, whether through journalists or digital algorithms, select, process, and filter information to their users. Over time, the aspects that are prominent in the news media usually become prominent in public opinion. The ability of journalists to influence which issues, aspects of these issues, and persons related to these issues, are perceived as the most salient has come to be called the agenda-setting effect of journalism. First described by Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw in a seminal study conducted during the 1968 elections in the United States, agenda-setting theory has expanded to include several other aspects beyond the transfer of salience of issues from the media agenda to the public agenda. These aspects include: the influence of journalism on the attributes of issues and people that make news; the networks between the different elements in the media and public agendas; the determinants of the news media agenda; the psychological mechanisms that regulate agenda-setting effects; and the consequences of agenda setting on both citizens’ and policymakers’ attitudes and behaviors. As one of the most comprehensive and international theories of journalism studies available, agenda setting continues to evolve in the expanding digital media landscape.People use the news media to learn about the world beyond their family, neighborhood, and workplace. As news consumers, we depend on what television, social media, websites, radio stations, and newspapers decide to inform us about. This is because all news media, whether through journalists or digital algorithms, select, process, and filter information to their users. Over time, the aspects that are prominent in the news media usually become prominent in public opinion. The ability of journalists to influence which issues, aspects of these issues, and persons related to these issues, are perceived as the most salient has come to be called the agenda-setting effect of journalism. First described by Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw in a seminal study conducted during the 1968 elections in the United States, agenda-setting theory has expanded to include several other aspects beyond the transfer of salience of issues from the media agenda to the public agenda. These aspects include: the influence of journalism on the attributes of issues and people that make news; the networks between the different elements in the media and public agendas; the determinants of the news media agenda; the psychological mechanisms that regulate agenda-setting effects; and the consequences of agenda setting on both citizens’ and policymakers’ attitudes and behaviors. As one of the most comprehensive and international theories of journalism studies available, agenda setting continues to evolve in the expanding digital media landscape.
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    Agenda-Setting Theory
    (Oxford Academic, 2014) McCombs, Maxwell; Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés
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    Analisando o uso de redes sociais para o comportamento de protesto: o papel da informação, da expressão de opiniões e do ativismo
    (2014) Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés
    Estudos recentes têm demonstrado conexões entre a frequência do uso de redes sociais e a participação política. No entanto, não há uma elucidação clara de como esse uso de redes sociais se traduz em um aumento da atividade política. O presente artigo examina três possíveis explicações para essa relação, no âmbito do comportamento de protesto dos cidadãos: a informação (redes sociais como uma fonte de notícias), a expressão de opiniões (uso das redes sociais para expressar opiniões políticas) e o ativismo (juntando-se a causas e descobrindo informações para a mobilização por meio de redes sociais). Para colocar essas relações à prova, este trabalho utiliza dados de pesquisa de opinião, coletados no Chile em 2011, durante manifestações que exigiam mudanças amplas em políticas educacionais e energéticas. Os resultados sugerem que o uso de redes sociais para a expressão de opiniões e para ativismo pode mediar a relação entre o uso geral das redes sociais e o comportamento de protesto. Estes resultados podem aumentar nosso conhecimento sobre os usos e efeitos das redes sociais e fornecer novas evidências sobre o papel das plataformas digitais como facilitadoras da ação política direta.
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    Competing Frames and Melodrama: The Effects of Facebook Posts on Policy Preferences about COVID-19
    (2021) Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés; Bachmann Cáceres, Ingrid Andrea; Mujica, Constanza; Grassau, Daniela; Labarca, Claudia; Halpern, Daniel; Puente, Soledad
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    Cuando los algoritmos son editores: cómo las redes sociales, la IA y la desinformación alteran el consumo de noticias
    (Universidad de Chile, 2024) Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Comunicaciones
    Esta es una versión editada de la charla magistral del autor en la inauguración de la Conferencia Académica por el Día Mundial de la Libertad de Prensa de UNESCO 2024 y que organizaron la Universidad de Chile y la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile el 4 de mayo de 2024 en Santiago.
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    Local Government, Social Media and Management of COVID-19: The Case of Chilean Mayoral Communication
    (2023) Luna, Juan Pablo; Alcatruz, Daniel; Pérez Muñoz, Cristian; Rosenblatt, Fernando; Toro Maureira, Sergio; Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés
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    Reflections on a Legacy: Thoughts from Scholars about Agenda-Setting Past and Future
    (2022) Schmierbach, Mike; McCombs, Maxwell; Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés; Dearing, James W.; Guo, Lei; Iyengar, Shanto; Kiousis, Spiro; Kosicki, Gerald M.; Meraz, Sharon; Scheufele, Dietram A.; Stoycheff, Elizabeth; Vargo, Chris; Weaver, David H.; Willnat, Lars
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    Social Media and Belief in Misinformation in Mexico: A Case of Maximal Panic, Minimal Effects?
    (2022) Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés; Muñoz, Carlos; Santos, Marcelo
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    Studying the downstream effects of fact-checking: Experiments on correction formats, belief accuracy, and media trust
    (2023) Bachmann C., Ingrid; Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
    Repeated exposure to misinformation not only reduces the accuracy of people’s beliefs, but it also decreases confidence in institutions such as the news media. Can fact-checking—journalism’s main weapon against misinformation—worsen or ameliorate distrust in journalists and the media? To answer this question, we conducted two pre-registered experiments in Chile (total N = 1,472) manipulating message and receiver factors known to regulate the persuasiveness of fact-checks: transparency elements, arousing images, and political alignment. The results of both studies show that, across message formats, fact-checks are similarly effective at reducing people’s misperceptions. However, these positive effects on belief accuracy come at a cost: Compared to control groups, users exposed to political fact-checks trust news less and perceive the media as more biased, especially after reading corrections debunking pro-attitudinal misinformation. We close with a discussion of the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
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    Taming the digital information tide to promote equality
    (2019) Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés; Rojas, Hernando
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    The Paradox of Participation Versus Misinformation: Social Media, Political Engagement, and the Spread of Misinformation
    (2019) Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés; Halpern, Daniel; Katz, James E.; Miranda, Juan Pablo
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    The Personal Is the Political? What Do WhatsApp Users Share and How It Matters for News Knowledge, Polarization and Participation in Chile
    (2021) Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés; Bachmann, Ingrid; Bargsted, Matías
    Mobile instant messaging services (MIMs) are important gateways to news exposure and political conversations. Nevertheless, we still know little about the specific uses and consequences of using messaging apps on other aspects of democratic citizenship. This is especially true in Latin American countries, where usage of MIMs is more widespread than any other social media. Using a two-wave panel survey conducted in the context of the 2017 Chilean elections, this study examines the information sharing practices of WhatsApp users, comparing the antecedents and effects of the spread of personal (e.g., family, work) and public affairs content (e.g., news, political messages). Findings show that sharing on WhatsApp was rather equal across social groups, and that it could exert a significant influence on learning about politics and issues in the news as well as on protesting and other political behaviors. We discuss possible explanations, limitations, and significance of these results for digital journalism research and practice.
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    The Threat of Misinformation on Journalism’s Epistemology: Exploring the Gap between Journalist’s and Audience’s Expectations when Facing Fake Content
    (2024) Núñez-Mussa, Enrique; Riquelme, Andrea; Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés; Aldana, Valeria; Padilla, Fabián; Bassi, Renato; Campos, Sebastián; Providel, Eliana; Mendoza, Marcelo
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    Value resonance and the origins of issue salience
    (Routledge, 2013) Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés