Browsing by Author "Tiznado-Aitken, Ignacio"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    A bumpy ride: structural inequalities, quality standards, and institutional limitations affecting cycling infrastructure
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Tiznado-Aitken, Ignacio; Mora Vega, Rodrigo; Oyarzun, Gabriel; Vergara, Jaime; Vecchio, Giovanni; CEDEUS (Chile)
    Structural socio-economic and institutional limitations can affect the implementation of cycling infrastructure. More stringent cycling infrastructure standards aiming to solve deficiencies might exacerbate disparities, especially in poor districts with fragmentary governance. Using an audit and quantitative and spatial analysis of cycleways, this paper examines to what extent structural inequalities and governance issues affect the availability and quality of cycling infrastructure, considering new indicative and normative standards aiming at improving cycling infrastructure in Santiago, Chile. Our results show that the distribution of cycleways is unequal and only partially complies with national quality standards. All districts in the city have both high and low standard bicycle lanes, but since district finances have huge differences, this can lead to inequalities in cycle coverage and districts' capabilities to address current standard problems. This raises relevant challenges regarding governance and how to ensure an equitable distribution of cycling infrastructure in Global South cities.
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    A discrete-event public transportation simulation model to evaluate travel demand management impacts on waiting times and crowding conditions
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023) Soza-Parra, J.; Tiznado-Aitken, Ignacio; Muñoz Abogabir, Juan Carlos
    Several approaches have been proposed and adopted by researchers and decision-makers to improve and deal with public transport operation issues, especially travel demand management (TDM) measures. Disruptions like lockdowns provoked by weather conditions, political riots, special events, natural disaster issues, or the recent COVID-19 pandemic create a need for tools to manage public transport demand and supply o keep users circulating in an efficient, convenient and safe manner. Our work develops a simulation tool of the operations of a public transport system using smart card, GTFS and census data to evaluate the impacts of different intervention scenarios using the pandemic context as a case study. Using a pre-pandemic baseline scenario, we study the impact of several travel demand and public transport supply measures, focusing the analysis on waiting times and crowding conditions inside vehicles and platforms. As a result, we generate easy-to-analyze visual outputs that facilitate prioritizing actions at the metropolitan and district level, identifying where and when waiting times and crowding conditions would exceed certain thresholds.
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    Accesibilidad percibida y decisiones de movilidad en contextos dependientes del auto
    (Ril Editores, 2024) Hurtubia González, Ricardo Daniel; Blandin, Lola; Vecchio, Giovanni; Tiznado-Aitken, Ignacio
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    Calles y movilidad sustentable en pandemia: experiencias y aprendizajes de cinco ciudades latinoamericanas
    (Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, 2021) Vecchio, Giovanni; Mora, Rodrigo; Tiznado-Aitken, Ignacio; CEDEUS (Chile)
    La pandemia del COVID-19 abrió una serie de oportunidades para avanzar hacia una movilidad sustentable en América Latina, facilitando la implementación de nuevas intervenciones en las calles. Cinco tomadores de decisiones de ciudades en Argentina, Brasil, Chile, México y Colombia, relatan los cambios urbanos (ciclovías de emergencia, peatonalización de calles, priorización del transporte público, entre otros), y de gobernanza implementados para enfrentar la pandemia.
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    Fair transport policies for older people: accessibility and affordability of public transport in Santiago, Chile
    (SPRINGER, 2022) Vecchio, Giovanni; Tiznado-Aitken, Ignacio; Castillo, Bryan; Steiniger, Stefan; CEDEUS (Chile)
    In this paper, we test how different public transport policy scenarios score in terms of fairness for a specific population group, considering a more complex representation of mobility-related inequalities and the policy implications of transport justice. To do so, we assess potential accessibility to public transport in Santiago de Chile under different policy scenarios, focusing on older people as a group whose demographic and socioeconomic conditions can determine different forms of disadvantage. We compare alternative accessibility policies based on the expansion of the Metro infrastructure network or on reduced public transport fares, considering the interaction between the spatial availability and the affordability of public transport. Results show that subsidized fares for public transport services are more beneficial to expand the accessibility of older people, especially those with lower incomes, while the expansion of the Metro network benefits mainly middle- and high-income older people. The proposed analysis is a first step towards a more detailed, place-based reading of mobility-related inequalities, aimed at assessing alternative policy measures.
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    Incorporating principles of justice in transport evaluation: A case of suburban train projects in Santiago de Chile
    (Elsevier Inc., 2025) Werner, Hans; Carrasco, Juan Antonio; Tiznado-Aitken, Ignacio; Vecchio, Giovanni; Universidad de Concepción; University of Toronto
    The growing interest in the literature on addressing justice and equity in transportation has spurred the need for specific evaluation methodologies. This study proposes a comprehensive methodology for incorporating justice principles in evaluating transportation projects and applies it to a railway case study in Chile. The proposal seeks to measure the impact of implementing specific projects on regional transport justice. This work represents a unique contribution to the literature. To our knowledge, it is the first documented experience attempting to incorporate justice principles developed by Martens (2017) into railway transport projects. It emphasizes standardizing critical processes, such as data acquisition, group and opportunity characterization, and determining appropriate sufficiency thresholds. The proposed methodology advances the theoretical understanding of justice in transportation and provides a practical tool for evaluators and planners. By establishing clear guidelines, this approach can inform critical decisions in the planning and execution of transportation projects, thus promoting a more equitable and just approach to the development of railway infrastructure in Chile.
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    Practising transport justice: Theory – practice gaps in three Latin American metropolises
    (2025) Vecchio, Giovanni; Tiznado-Aitken, Ignacio; Guzmán, Luis Ángel; Arellana, Julián; Vasconcellos, Eduardo; Muñoz Abogabir, Juan Carlos
    While transport justice is increasingly a concern for academic research, the concept has less impact on planning practice. We investigate this theory-practice gap by interviewing key decision-makers from three structurally unequal Latin American metropolises. Our analysis examines the urban mobility issues they perceive, the planning strategies they develop, and the eventual gaps between the needs perceived by citizens and decision-makers. The lack of explicit ethical principles to address established mobility-related inequalities and the intention to avoid conflict with key stakeholders appear as the two main obstacles to bringing the concept of transport justice into practice.
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    The Role of Accessibility to Public Transport and Quality of Walking Environment on Urban Equity: The Case of Santiago de Chile
    (2018) Tiznado-Aitken, Ignacio; Carlos Munoz, Juan; Hurtubia González, Ricardo; CEDEUS (Chile)
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    Unequal periurban mobility: travel patterns, modal choices and urban core dependence in Latin America
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Tiznado-Aitken, Ignacio; Vecchio, Giovanni; Guzmán, Luis A.; Arellana, Julián; Humberto, Mateus; Vasconcellos, Eduardo; Muñoz Abogabir, Juan Carlos; CEDEUS (Chile)
    Latin America is a highly urbanized region characterized by remarkable inequality levels, also reflected in an uneven distribution of opportunities, making socio-economic segregation quite visible. Since the individual possibility to travel and therefore access to urban opportunities strongly depends on socio-economic status and the distances to overcome, highly unequal patterns of mobility and accessibility emerge. The continuous expansion of Latin American cities originates specific mobility-related inequalities visible in periurban areas, which tend to lack some key urban opportunities and public transport services usually available in cities. Due to established and new patterns of territorial segregation, these areas may generate new forms of marginality in relation to mobility, posing challenges for public action and territorial governance. Our paper considers if and how periurban areas experience different forms of mobility-related inequalities in three Latin American metropolises in Brazil, Chile, and Colombia (São Paulo, Santiago, and Bogotá, respectively). We do so by examining the differences among urban core and periurban zones based on four elements: socio-demographic features, access to the public transport system, spatial continuity, and functional dependence. Our analysis shows that the three metropolitan regions have different structures: while Bogotá and Santiago appear to be more dependent on the urban core, São Paulo shows more autonomous and self-sufficient periurban zones. The analysis also highlights different forms of peripherality, defined by differentiated mobility patterns and modal choices that suggest that city-specific lines for public action might be needed.