Browsing by Author "Suksai, Manaphat"

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    Characterization of amniotic fluid sludge in preterm and term gestations
    (2022) Pedro Kusanovic, Juan; Jung, Eunjung; Romero, Roberto; Green, Pooja Mittal; Nhan-Chang, Chia-Ling; Vaisbuch, Edi; Erez, Offer; Kim, Chong Jai; Goncalves, Luis F.; Espinoza, Jimmy; Mazaki-Tovi, Shali; Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn; Diaz-Primera, Ramiro; Yeo, Lami; Suksai, Manaphat; Gotsch, Francesca; Hassan, Sonia S.
    Objective To describe the characteristics of amniotic fluid sludge obtained from patients in term and preterm gestations. Methods This cross-sectional study included patients with dense aggregates of particulate matter detected in amniotic fluid, observed with transvaginal sonography. All patients were in labor and had an impending delivery, either preterm or at term. Echogenic material contained within amniotic fluid was retrieved transvaginally by needle amniotomy under direct visualization. The amniotic fluid analysis consisted of a Gram stain, cultures for aerobic/anaerobic bacteria and genital mycoplasmas, and a white blood cell count. Results Twenty-five patients ranging from 18 to 41 weeks of gestation were included in the study. We observed the following: (1) the appearance of amniotic fluid was consistent with pus-like material, vernix, or meconium by naked eye examination; (2) samples collected before 33 weeks of gestation (n = 13) had a pus-like appearance; however, after this gestational age, most of the samples [83% (10/12)] appeared to be consistent with vernix; (3) amniotic fluid cultures were positive for microorganisms in 13 patients, of which 10 were preterm gestations before 33 weeks; (4) the most frequent microorganisms retrieved by culture were genital mycoplasmas (Ureaplasma urealyticum [46% (6/13)]), followed by Mycoplasma hominis [31% (4/13)] and Candida albicans [15% (2/13)]; and (5) patients with sonographic particulate matter in preterm gestations frequently presented acute histologic chorioamnionitis and funisitis, but these conditions were rare in patients at term. Conclusion The nature of amniotic fluid particulate material varies as a function of gestational age. The material obtained in preterm gestations is frequently related to an inflammatory process, while that obtained at term is often consistent with vernix and appears to represent a maturational process.
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    Pregnancy-specific responses to COVID-19 revealed by high-throughput proteomics of human plasma
    (2023) Gomez-Lopez, Nardhy; Romero, Roberto; Escobar, Maria Fernanda; Carvajal, Javier Andres; Echavarria, Maria Paula; Albornoz, Ludwig L.; Nasner, Daniela; Miller, Derek; Gallo, Dahiana M.; Galaz, Jose; Arenas-Hernandez, Marcia; Bhatti, Gaurav; Done, Bogdan; Zambrano, Maria Andrea; Ramos, Isabella; Fernandez, Paula Andrea; Posada, Leandro; Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn; Jung, Eunjung; Garcia-Flores, Valeria; Suksai, Manaphat; Gotsch, Francesca; Bosco, Mariachiara; Than, Nandor Gabor; Tarca, Adi L.
    Gomez-Lopez et al. profile the plasma proteome of pregnant and non-pregnant COVID-19 patients and controls. Shared and pregnancy-specific proteomic changes are identified in COVID-19 patients compared to controls, with the proteome accurately identifying COVID-19 patients, even when asymptomatic.
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    The vaginal immunoproteome for the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth: A retrospective longitudinal study
    (2024) Shaffer, Zachary; Romero, Roberto; Tarca, Adi L.; Galaz, Jose; Arenas-Hernandez, Marcia; Gudicha, Dereje W.; Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn; Jung, Eunjung; Suksai, Manaphat; Theis, Kevin R.; Gomez-Lopez, Nardhy; Simon, Carlos
    Background: Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Most cases of preterm birth occur spontaneously and result from preterm labor with intact (spontaneous preterm labor [sPTL]) or ruptured (preterm prelabor rupture of membranes [PPROM]) membranes. The prediction of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) remains underpowered due to its syndromic nature and the dearth of independent analyses of the vaginal host immune response. Thus, we conducted the largest longitudinal investigation targeting vaginal immune mediators, referred to herein as the immunoproteome, in a population at high risk for sPTB. Methods: Vaginal swabs were collected across gestation from pregnant women who ultimately underwent term birth, sPTL, or PPROM. Cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and antimicrobial peptides in the samples were quantified via specific and sensitive immunoassays. Predictive models were constructed from immune mediator concentrations. Results: Throughout uncomplicated gestation, the vaginal immunoproteome harbors a cytokine network with a homeostatic profile. Yet, the vaginal immunoproteome is skewed toward a pro-inflammatory state in pregnant women who ultimately experience sPTL and PPROM. Such an inflammatory profile includes increased monocyte chemoattractants, cytokines indicative of macrophage and T-cell activation, and reduced antimicrobial proteins/peptides. The vaginal immunoproteome has improved predictive value over maternal characteristics alone for identifying women at risk for early (<34 weeks) sPTB. Conclusions: The vaginal immunoproteome undergoes homeostatic changes throughout gestation and deviations from this shift are associated with sPTB. Furthermore, the vaginal immunoproteome can be leveraged as a potential biomarker for early sPTB, a subset of sPTB associated with extremely adverse neonatal outcomes.