Browsing by Author "Silva, Francisco Andre Alves da"

Now showing 1 - 11 of 11
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    A GAME THEORETIC ANALYSIS OF VOLUNTARY EUTHANASIA AND PHYSICIAN ASSISTED SUICIDE
    (2020) Harrison, R; Silva, Francisco Andre Alves da
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    Diseño de mecanismos para agentes con preferencias opuestas
    (2022) Jara Nahuelhual, Rubén Andrés; Figueroa González, Nicolás Andrés; Silva, Francisco Andre Alves da; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Economía
    En esta investigación se analiza un modelo de arbitraje donde dos agentes están interesados en un bien (indivisible). Los agentes reciben información privada, reportan un mensaje relacionado a un planificador social y este último diseña una asignación para distribuir el bien. Mostramos que cuando el conjunto de mensajes que pueden reportar los agentes es de cardinalidad dos, entonces existe una asignación no constante que satisface las restricciones de compatibilidad de incentivos si y solo si la información que reciben los agentes es independiente. Luego, se ilustra que la existencia de asignaciones no constantes pueden aumentar el bienestar social en algunos contextos. Finalmente, demostramos que cuando el conjunto de mensajes que pueden reportar los agentes es de cardinalidad mayor a dos, entonces si las señales de los agentes se distribuyen independientemente existe una asignación no constante que satisface las restricciones de compatibilidad de incentivos. Sin embargo, en este último caso, la existencia de una asignación no constante compatible con incentivos no implica que la información de los agentes sea independiente.
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    Gender-based violence : evidence from a municipal program in Chile
    (2020) Lazcano Maturana, Leopoldo Luis; Bertelli, Olivia; Depetris Chauvin, Emilio; Silva, Francisco Andre Alves da; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Economía
    I study the impact of a municipal program on gender-based violence in Chile. I exploit the fact that the implementation of the program is through “Centros de la Mujer”and only some municipalities have one. This allows to measure the effect of the program with a difference-in-difference approach including municipal and month fixed effects. The study concludes that in municipalities in which the program is implemented, all kinds of violence against women decrease 4.13%. Results suggest that the program reduces violent crimes (domestic violence, sexual abuses and rapes) for both women and men. The program has heterogeneous effects across age of victims and a 1-year delay since its implementation until results are observed.
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    If we confess our sins
    (2019) Silva, Francisco Andre Alves da
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    INDUCING OVERCONFIDENCE
    (2017) Silva, Francisco Andre Alves da
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    Medición de la eficiencia de utilizar remates de permisos en aeropuertos congestionados
    (2017) Carrera García, Javiera de la; Besfamille, Martin; Silva, Francisco Andre Alves da; Silva M., Hugo; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Economía
    En el último tiempo, las autoridades de los aeropuertos de Estados Unidos y Europa han propuesto implementar una asignación secundaria de permisos (slots) para controlar el problema de la congestión. Sin embargo, no existe un consenso sobre la eficiencia de utilizar este tipo de mecanismo. Dado esto, en este trabajo se busca analizar cuantitativamente si implementar un sistema de remate de permisos, puede llevar a aumentar el beneficio neto frente al actual sistema de cobro por peso del avión que tienen los principales aeropuertos de Estados Unidos. Utilizando los datos del trabajo de Morrison y Winston (2007) para el aeropuerto de Chicago y adaptando el modelo teórico de Basso y Silva, se encuentran los siguientes resultados. El sistema de remate de permisos es más eficiente que un escenario sin regulación. Sin embargo, este sistema sólo logra que algunas aerolíneas se acerquen a las cantidades (vuelos) socialmente óptimas que debiesen ofrecer. Por otro lado, al extender el análisis hacia estudiar la eficiencia de implementar un mecanismo más fácil como la tarifa uniforme, se encuentra que esta logra resultados similares al remate de permisos. No obstante, en la mayoría de los periodos lo consigue de manera más ineficiente. Así, calculando la eficiencia relativa de cada sistema al primer mejor, se encuentra que estas no superan el 40%, lo que lleva a preguntarse si se justifica implementar los sistemas analizados y si esto es así, cuál de los dos.
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    Monopoly regulation with non-paying consumers
    (2017) Guzmán Lizardo, León Felipe; Besfamille, Martin; Silva, Francisco Andre Alves da; Silva M., Hugo; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Economía
    This article studies the effects of delegation in a monopoly regulation context. A regulator, with welfare maximization objectives, fixes the price level and makes transfers to a monopolist who faces non-paying consumers. In a Full Information scenario, the regulator not only chooses the price and the transfers so as to maximize the social welfare, but is also able to decide the optimal investment in a costly anti-evasion technology. This situation, however, is unrealistic since usually the firm's know-how is required in order to undertake a successful investment. Therefore, under this context the best the regulator can do is to delegate the investment decision to the firm and try to induce high investment. It is shown that under certain conditions, delegation not only implies a lower level of anti-evasion technology, but also a lower price level than what is socially optimal. We show that this is true for different specifications of the firm's utility. Comparative statics exercises are done in the main exogenous parameters of the model.
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    Renegotiation-proof mechanism design with imperfect type verification
    (2019) Silva, Francisco Andre Alves da
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    The importance of Commitment Power in Games with Imperfect Evidence
    (2020) Silva, Francisco Andre Alves da
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    The school attendance effects of childhood influenza vaccination in Chile
    (2020) Everke, Katia; Depetris Chauvin, Emilio; Silva, Francisco Andre Alves da; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Economía
    In 2015, Chile changed the target population for the national influenza immunization campaign and added children under six years old. Using national school attendance data, I test whether childhood flu vaccination has a positive short-term effect on educational outcomes. The intention-to-treat estimates suggest that the influenza vaccine positively impacts school attendance, which is especially visible during the flu season and for children from lower-income families. Moreover, I study whether age-eligible children attend more or less to school on the vaccination date since educational establishments serve as vaccination sites. I find no consistent evidence of manipulation on demand for immunization.In 2015, Chile changed the target population for the national influenza immunization campaign and added children under six years old. Using national school attendance data, I test whether childhood flu vaccination has a positive short-term effect on educational outcomes. The intention-to-treat estimates suggest that the influenza vaccine positively impacts school attendance, which is especially visible during the flu season and for children from lower-income families. Moreover, I study whether age-eligible children attend more or less to school on the vaccination date since educational establishments serve as vaccination sites. I find no consistent evidence of manipulation on demand for immunization.
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    To the search of the cultural print left by malaria : evidence from the Sub-Saharan Africa
    (2020) Quiroz Barrios, David Concepción; Depetris Chauvin, Emilio; Silva, Francisco Andre Alves da; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Economía
    This paper uses a measure of the long-term impact of ancestral malaria burden, which dates from when official malaria data is not available to assess its impact on the cultural traits of ethnic groups in the pre-industrial Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). There is causal evidence that the incidence of malaria in the ancestral homelands raises the probability of patrilineal inheritance rules and patriarchal local headman succession by about one-third percentual points. The results are not stranger since pregnant women and children under five years old are the most risk population of malaria. Thus, the scapegoating effect associated with women's responsibilities as caregivers outweighs the women's complementarities inside the group, unbalancing the gender roles. In the last section, using the information on people's ethnicity and exploiting the variation of immigrants between homelands, there are suggestive results that confirm that malaria suitability is a strong predictor of the gender's perception in politics.