Browsing by Author "Sandoval, Alejandra"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    AKT/mTOR substrate p70S6k is frequently phosphorylated in gallbladder cancer tissue and cell lines
    (2013) Leal, Pamela; García Cañete, Patricia; Sandoval, Alejandra; Buchegger, Kurt; Weber, Helga; Tapia, Oscar; Roa Strauch, Juan Carlos Enrique
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    Cellular FLICE-like Inhibitory Protein Long Form (c-FLIPL) Overexpression is Related to Cervical Cancer Progression
    (2013) Ili, Carmen Gloria; Brebi, Priscilla; Tapia, Oscar; Sandoval, Alejandra; López, Jaime; García Muñoz, Patricia; Leal, Pamela; Sidransky, David; Guerrero Preston, Rafael; Roa Strauch, Juan Carlos Enrique
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    Evaluación del consumo de antimicrobianos en una Unidad de Neonatología: un trabajo en equipo para promover el uso racional de antimicrobianos
    (2017) Jiménez, Elisa; Valls, Nicolás; Astudillo, Patricio André; Valls Jiménez, Cristián; Cavada, Gabriel; Sandoval, Alejandra; Alegría, Angélica; Ortega, Gabriela; Núñez, Daniela; Mena Nannig, Patricia Isabel
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    Evaluation of antimicrobial consumption in a Neonatology Unit: a team work to promote the rational use of antibiotics
    (SOC CHILENA INFECTOLOGIA, 2017) Jimenez, Elisa; Valls, Nicolas; Astudillo, Patricio; Valls, Cristian; Cavada, Gabriel; Sandoval, Alejandra; Alegria, Angelica; Ortega, Gabriela; Nunez, Daniela; Mena, Patricia
    Background: Antibiotics (ATB) are drugs widely used in hospitalized newborns. The indiscriminate use of ATBs promote the rise of resistant bacteria to the most commonly indicated antimicrobials. In addition, ATB prescription presents associations to morbidity, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, late sepsis and even death. All of the above leads to an increase in health care costs. Aim: To record and to evaluate trends of antibiotic use over time in hospitalized NB in the Neonatology Unit at Dr. Sotero del Rio Hospital, in order to objectify the changes in the usual practice of the ATM indication. A secondary objective was to assess its impact on antimicrobial resistance. Methods: Cohort, observational, prospective unicenter study which included all hospitalized patients between January 2011 and December 2014. Birth weight, hospitalization days, ATB indication and days of ATB use were recorded for each patient. The use of ATB was quantified by means of different rates; days of indication of one or more ATBs for global consumption (RUA), total sum of days of use (TSUA) and for the most frequently used ATBs. Each calculated rate for 100 days hospitalized. In addition, the antimicrobial susceptibility of the most frequently isolated bacteria in our service: coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (SCN) and Gram-negative bacilli (BGN) were recorded continuously. Results: The 34.7% of the hospitalized patients received some type of antimicrobial agent. ATBs were 32.3% of medicines used. The most widely used was ampicillin (with 20.2% of the total) and cefadroxyl (with 11.6%). The RUA did not change during the study time, but STUA decreased by 10.7% between 2011 and 2014 with p < 0.05. When subgroup analyzes were divided by weight ranges, in the < 750 g group, the use of vancomycin decreased in use by 9.9% and an increase of 18.8% for metronidazole was observed. On the other hand, there was an increase in the use of the piperacillin-tazobactam regimen in the range > 1,500 g. When evaluating antimicrobial susceptibility, there was a decrease in susceptibility for oxacillin in SCN between 2011 and 2014 from 27% to 10.3% respectively. In addition, for Gram negative there was a decrease from 76.9% to 40.5% in susceptibility to third generation cephalosporins, mainly due to Klebsiella pneumoniae, which became the predominantly isolated BGN with an increase of 6.7% to 50% between 2011 and 2014, respectively. For K. pneumoniae the loss of susceptibility to third generation cephalosporins decreased from 77% to 22%. Finally, amikacin showed an activity over 85% in all BGNs between 2011 and 2014. Conclusions: It is advisable to plan and to maintain a continuous record of ATB consumption, as well as therapy and prophylaxis, being categorized by ATB type and range of newborn weight. It is of considerable importance to analyze and to evaluate the susceptibility of microorganisms. It is essential that an interdisciplinary team prepare this recording, and to continuously provide feedback to professionals who maintain the functioning of neonatal care units.
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    Immunohistochemical Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A in Advanced Gallbladder Carcinoma
    (2014) Letelier, Pablo; García Cañete, Patricia; Leal, Pamela; Ili, Carmen; Buchegger, Kurt; Riquelme, Ismael; Sandoval, Alejandra; Tapia, Oscar; Roa Strauch, Juan Carlos Enrique
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    Occult bacteremia in Sotero del Rio Hospital. Experience after pneumococcal conjugated vaccine
    (SOC CHILENA INFECTOLOGIA, 2017) Budnik, Isolda; Sandoval, Alejandra; Prado, Alejandra; Labbe, Marcela; Pena, Anamaria; Viviani, Tamara
    Background: Occult bacteremia (OB) is one of the possible diagnoses of children younger than 3 years with fever without source in the emergency room. Objective: describe OB in the era after introduction of pneumococcal vaccine in Chile. Patients and Methods: Prospective descriptive review of data of children with possible OB diagnosis, referred from the emergency department between 2010-2013. Results: Possible OB was diagnosed on 391 patients. 233 had focus, mainly respiratory virus and urinary tract infection. On 158 patients, probable BO was diagnosed, 20 had proven OB from which 15 had positive blood culture for Streptococcus pneumoniae. From these, 7 were fully or partially vaccinated. The serotype was identified on 14 cases: 6 were PCV10 vaccine serotypes (none of them vaccinated), 2 were serotype related (both partially vaccinated) and 6 were non vaccine serotypes (partially or totally vaccinated). Discussion: It is necessary to improve diagnostic methods for respiratory viruses and urinary tract infections and try to expand coverage of pneumococcal conjugated vaccines in the pediatric population in order to reduce the risk of invasive pneumococcal disease in Chile.
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    The Gene Expression Status of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Gastric Cancer Tissues and Cell Lines
    (2016) Riquelme, Ismael; Tapia, Óscar; Espinoza, Jaime A.; Leal, Pamela; Buchegger, Kurt; Sandoval, Alejandra; Bizama, Carolina; Araya, Juan Carlos; Peek, Richard M.; Roa Strauch, Juan Carlos Enrique
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    The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is activated in gastric cancer with potential prognostic and predictive significance
    (2014) Tapia, Oscar; Riquelme, Oscar Ismael; Leal, Pamela; Sandoval, Alejandra; Aedo, Susana; Weber, Helga; Letelier, Pablo; Bellolio, Enrique; Villaseca, Miguel; García Cañete, Patricia; Roa Strauch, Juan Carlos Enrique
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    The role of sex hormones in aldosterone biosynthesis and their potential impact on its mineralocorticoid receptor
    (2024) Vecchiola Cárdenas, Andrea Paola; Uslar N., Thomas; Friedrich, Isidora; Aguirre, Joaquín; Sandoval, Alejandra; Carvajal, Cristian A.; Tapia Castillo, Alejandra; Martínez García, Alejandra Constanza; Fardella B., Carlos
    Blood pressure (BP) regulation is a complex process involving various hormones, including aldosterone and its mineralocorticoid receptor. Mineralocorticoid receptor is expressed in several tissues, including the kidney, and plays a crucial role in regulating BP by controlling the sodium and water balance. During different stages of life, hormonal changes can affect mineralocorticoid receptor activity and aldosterone levels, leading to changes in BP. Increasing evidence suggests that sex steroids modulate aldosterone levels. Estrogens, particularly estradiol, mediate aldosterone biosynthesis by activating classical estrogen receptors and the G protein-coupled receptor. Progesterone acts as an anti-mineralocorticoid by inhibiting the binding of aldosterone to the mineralocorticoid receptor. Moreover, progesterone inhibits aldosterone synthase enzymes. The effect of testosterone on aldosterone synthesis is still a subject of debate. However, certain studies show that testosterone downregulates the mRNA levels of aldosterone synthase, leading to decreased plasma aldosterone levels.