Browsing by Author "Rojas, Rodrigo"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Adultos mayores en Chile: descripción de sus necesidades en comunicación en salud preventiva
    (2016) Condeza, Ana Rayén; Bastías, Gabriel; Valdivia Cabrera, Gonzalo; Cheix, Consuelo; Barrios, Ximena; Rojas Ávila, Rodrigo; Gálvez, Myrna; Fernández Medina, Francisco Javier; Condeza, Ana Rayén; Bastías, Gabriel; Valdivia Cabrera, Gonzalo; Cheix, Consuelo; Barrios, Ximena; Rojas, Rodrigo; Gálvez, Myrna; Fernández, Francisco
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    Agent-based models of groundwater systems: A review of an emerging approach to simulate the interactions between groundwater and society
    (2024) Canales Piccolo, Marcos Alejandro; Castilla-Rho, Juan; Rojas, Rodrigo; Vicuña Díaz, Sebastian; Ball, James
    Understanding how society can address and mitigate threats to groundwater sustainability remains a pressing challenge in the Anthropocene era. This article presents the first comprehensive and critical review of coupling Groundwater Models and Agent-Based Models (GW-ABMs) to address four key challenges: (1) adequately representing human behaviour, (2) capturing spatial and temporal variations, (3) integrating two-way feedback loops between social and physical systems, and (4) incorporating water governance structures. Our findings indicate a growing effort to model bounded rationality in human behaviour (Challenge 1 or C1) and a dominant focus on policy applications (C4). Future research should address data scarcity issues through Epstein's Backward approach (C2), capture feedbacks via tele-coupled GW-ABMs, and explore other modelling techniques like Analytic Elements Groundwater Models (C3). We conclude with recommendations to thrust future GW-ABMs to the highest standards, aiming to enhance their acceptance and impact in decision-making and policy formulation for sustainable groundwater management.
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    Children's and adolescents' digital access in Chile: the role of digital access modalities in digital uses and skills
    (2021) Cabello, Patricio; Claro, Magdalena; Rojas, Rodrigo; Trucco, Daniela
    This article analyses the modes of physical access that facilitate participation in digital opportunities and the development of digital skills in children and adolescents (9 to 17 years old). We analysed the data obtained from the Kids Online survey in Chile. A latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify groups based on access points and devices of use; access modalities were then composed crossing these variables. Four access modalities were found: cellphone-home; cellphone-ubiquitous; multi-device-home; multi-device-ubiquitous. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that ubiquitous modalities (multi-device and cellphone varieties) predicted digital use and skills among young Chileans, while the more static modalities (cellphone and home and multi-device and home) did not. These results are critical to addressing what can be defined as "enabling access" among young Internet users in the context of digital inclusion policies.
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    First isolation of kpc in Chile: from Italy to a public hospital in Santiago
    (SOC CHILENA INFECTOLOGIA, 2012) Cifuentes, Marcela; Garcia, Patricia; San Martin, Paola; Silva, Francisco; Zuniga, Jennifer; Reyes, Sergio; Rojas, Rodrigo; Ponce, Rodrigo; Quintanilla, Raul; Delpiano, Luis; Wolff, Marcelo
    Carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae is an emerging problem worldwide. Among the mechanisms involved are the production of ESBLs or AmpC associated with porins loss or the presence of carbapenemases. Among these, the KPC betalactamase has become especially relevant given its rapid spread.In this article we present the first case of isolation of a strain of KPC producer Klebsiella pneumoniae at a hospital in Santiago, in a patient coming from Italy, with a history of multiple hospitalizations for treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and subjected to several cycles of chemotherapy and hemodialysis. The strain was isolated from a urine culture on the seventh day of the patient's arrival to Chile. The isolate was resistant to quinolones, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins and carbapenems, retaining only susceptibility to tigecycline and colistin. In phenotypic test it was found to have positive Hodge test and positive synergy with carbapenems/boronic acid. Polymerase chain reaction demonstrated the presence of beta-lactamases TEM, SHV and KPC-2. None other Class A serine-carbapenemase or metallo-bectalactamases were present.