Browsing by Author "Rojas, Alvaro"

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    Incidencia de bacterias multi-resistentes en unidades de cuidados intensivos de hospitales chilenos
    (2017) Paz Acuna, M.; Cifuentes, Marcela; Silva, Francisco; Rojas, Alvaro; Cerda, Jaime; Labarca, Jaime; Grp Colaborativo Resistencia
    Introduction: Incidence of multi-resistant bacteria is an indicator that permits better estimation of the magnitude of bacterial resistance in hospitals. Aim: To evaluate the incidence of relevant multi-drug resistant bacteria in intensive care units (ICUs) of Chile. Methods: Participating hospitals submitted information about the number of isolates from infected or colonized patients with 7 epidemiologically relevant multi-resistant bacteria in adult and pediatric ICUs between January 1, 2014 and October 31, 2015 and the number of bed days occupied in these units in the same period was requested. With these data incidence was calculated per 1,000 patient days for each unit. Results: Information from 20 adults and 9 pediatric ICUs was reviewed. In adult ICUs the bacteria with the highest incidence were K. pneumoniae ESBL [4.72 x 1,000 patient day (1.21-13.89)] and oxacillin-resistant S. aureus [3.85 (0.71-12.66)]. In the pediatric units the incidence was lower, highlighting K. pneumoniae ESBL [2.71 (0-7.11)] and carbapenem-resistant P aeruginosa [1.61 (0.31-9.25)]. Conclusion: Important differences between hospitals in the incidence of these bacteria were observed. Incidence of multi-resistant bacteria in adult ICU was significantly higher than in pediatric ICU for most of the studied bacterias.
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    Multiple Mycotic Aneurysms Due to Penicillin Nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae Solved With Endovascular Repair
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2010) Rojas, Alvaro; Mertens, Renato; Arbulo, Douglas; Garcia, Patricia; Labarca, Jaime
    Mycotic aneurysm is a life-threatening condition. We report the case of an 83-year-old white female who had pneumonia, and 3 months later she was admitted with multiple sacular mycotic aneurysms due to penicillin nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae. Successful combination therapy with antibiotics and endovascular repair was done.
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    Safety and Non-Inferiority Evaluation of Two Immunization Schedules with an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial
    Abarca Villaseca, Katia; Iturriaga Ortiz, Carolina Alejandra; Urzua, Marcela; Le Corre Perez, Monique Nicole; Pineda Núñez, Augusto Naim; Fernandez Anwandter, Carolina; Domínguez De Landa, María Angelica; González Carbonell, Pablo Andrés; Bueno, Susan M.; Donato, Paulina; Espinoza, Pilar; Fuentes, Daniela; Gonzalez, Marcela; Guzman, Paula; Munoz-Venturelli, Paula; Perez, Carlos M.; Potin, Marcela; Rojas, Alvaro; Gonzalez-Aramundiz, Jose, V; Galvez, Nicolas M. S.; Aguirre-Boza, Francisca; Aljaro, Sofia; Federico Batiz, Luis; Campisto, Yessica; Cepeda, Mariela; Cortes, Aaron; Lopez, Sofia; Loreto Perez, Maria; Schilling, Andrea; Kalergis, Alexis M.
    Several vaccines have been developed to control the COVID-19 pandemic. CoronaVac (R), an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, has demonstrated safety and immunogenicity, preventing severe COVID-19 cases. We investigate the safety and non-inferiority of two immunization schedules of CoronaVac (R) in a non-inferiority trial in healthy adults. A total of 2302 healthy adults were enrolled at 8 centers in Chile and randomly assigned to two vaccination schedules, receiving two doses with either 14 or 28 days between each. The primary safety and efficacy endpoints were solicited adverse events (AEs) within 7 days of each dose, and comparing the number of cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection 14 days after the second dose between the schedules, respectively. The most frequent local AE was pain at the injection site, which was less frequent in participants aged >= 60 years. Other local AEs were reported in less than 5% of participants. The most frequent systemic AEs were headache, fatigue, and myalgia. Most AEs were mild and transient. There were no significant differences for local and systemic AEs between schedules. A total of 58 COVID-19 cases were confirmed, and all but 2 of them were mild. No differences were observed in the proportion of COVID-19 cases between schedules. CoronaVac (R) is safe, especially in >= 60-year-old participants. Both schedules protected against COVID-19 hospitalization.