Browsing by Author "Robert, Paz"
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- ItemAlpha-tocopherol microspheres with cross-linked and acetylated inulin and their release profile in a hydrophilic model(2013) García, Paula; Vega, Juan; Jiménez, Paula; Santos Blanco, José Guillermo; Robert, PazAlpha-tocopherol (AT) was encapsulated with native (NIn), acetylated (AIn) or cross-linked (CIn) inulin (two degrees each) by spray-drying. A face central composite experimental design for each system (AT–NIn, AT–AIn1, AT–AIn2, AT–CIn1, and AT–CIn2) was evaluated to determine the influence of inlet air temperature and AT/coating material ratio on the AT encapsulation percentage (EP). The AT microspheres obtained under optimal conditions were characterized determining the AT EP, morphology and their release profile in a hydrophilic system. The AT encapsulating percentage reached values above 86% in all the systems studied. The acetylation and cross-linking of inulin improved slight but significantly the AT encapsulating percentage respect to native inulin. The release profiles showed biphasic behavior, being the first and second zone attributed to uncovered and encapsulated AT, respectively. The AT release was <15% (0–540 min) from all AT-inulin microparticles, corresponding mainly to superficial AT release, following Higuchi model consistent with a diffusional mechanism. AT release rate constant from AT–NIn microspheres was significantly lower than those of AT–AIn and AT–CIn. The AT release pattern suggest that the microparticles could be applied in the design of functional foods, preserving the nutritional role of AT.
- ItemDrying and preservation of polyphenols(CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, 2017) Fredes González, Carolina Paz; García, Paula; Robert, Paz; Cuevas-Valenzuela, José et al.Polyphenol-rich species have long been thought to have considerable health benets mainly due to their total antioxidant activity against cellular oxidation reactions (Bouaziz et al., 2009; Janicsak et al., 2010; Xia et al., 2010). Moreover, cardioprotective (Cale et al., 2010; Xia et al., 2010), antimicrobial (Bouaziz et al., 2009; Xia et al., 2010), anticancer, and anti-inammatory (Xia et al., 2010) properties have also been reported in both animal and in vitro models. These benets have stimulated regular research regarding the phenolic status and antioxidant activity of various plant species and new ecotypes varieties in different countries.
- ItemPhytochemicals and Traditional Use of Two Southernmost Chilean Berry Fruits: Murta (Ugni molinae Turcz) and Calafate (Berberis buxifolia Lam.)(2020) Fredes González, Carolina Paz; Parada Daza, Alejandra Cristina; Salinas, Jaime; Robert, PazMurta and calafate have been traditionally used by indigenous and rural peoples of Chile. Research on murta and calafate has gained interest due to their attractive sensory properties as well as a global trend in finding new fruits with potential health benefits. The objective of this review was to summarize the potential use of murta and calafate as sources of nutraceuticals regarding both the traditional and the up-to-date scientific knowledge. A search of historical documents recorded in the Digital National Library as well as scientific articles in the Web of Science database were performed using combinations of keywords with the botanical nomenclature. Peer-reviewed scientific articles did meet the inclusion criteria (n = 38) were classified in phytochemicals (21 papers) and biological activity (17 papers). Murta and calafate are high oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC)-value fruits and promising sources of natural antioxidants, antimicrobial, and vasodilator compounds with nutraceutical potential. The bioactivity of anthocyanin metabolites in murta and calafate must continue to be studied in order to achieve adequate information on the biological activity and health-promoting effects derived for the consumption of murta and calafate fruit.
- ItemRecovery of Bioactive Compounds from Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel Using Pressurized Liquid Extraction(2021) Garcia, Paula; Fredes, Carolina; Cea, Ines; Lozano-Sanchez, Jesus; Javier Leyva-Jimenez, Francisco; Robert, Paz; Vergara, Cristina; Jimenez, PaulaPressurized liquid extraction (PLE) is a clean and environmentally friendly alternative for the recovery of bioactive compounds from fruit by-products. Herein we focused on PLE for the extraction of bioactive compounds from pomegranate peel using a combination of pressurized water and ethanol. The main aim was to determine the optimal PLE conditions, i.e., ethanol percentage and process temperature, to obtain a pomegranate peel extract (PPE) with maximum total phenolic content (TPC), punicalagin content, and antimicrobial activity (AMA). The experimental design was conducted using a central composite design with axial points. Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the response variables using the desirability function. Multiple response optimization indicated a process temperature of 200 degrees C and ethanol of 77% as optimal conditions. The TPC and the punicalagin content of PPE-PLE obtained under optimal conditions were 164.3 +/- 10.7 mg GAE/g DW and 17 +/- 3.6 mg/g DW, respectively. Our findings support the efficacy of PLE on TPC recovery but not in punicalagin recovery. The AMA against S. aureus was 14 mm. The efficacy of PPE-PLE in food applications must continue to be studied in order to achieve adequate information on its potential for developing new food additives.
- ItemThe powerful colour of the maqui (Aristotelia chilensis [Mol.] Stuntz) fruit(2014) Fredes, Carolina; Robert, PazOver the past 10 years, the research interest on maqui has increased due to the potential health benefits of the fruit, which are largely attributed to the high anthocyanin content and high antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, maqui fruit has earned the name of ‘superfruit’, and several products based on the dehydrated fruit and maqui juice are available on the international market. Although the maqui fruit is not frequently consumed by the Chilean population from urban areas, its use is deeply rooted in rural and native cultures (Mapuche and Huilliche). This review summarises the validation of the traditional uses of maqui and new evidence highlighting the principal role of anthocyanins in the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activity of maqui fruit. The identification of a particular anthocyanin (delphinidin-3-glucoside-5-sambubioside) in maqui fruit and its anti-diabetic effect in in vivo models, in addition to its presence at higher concentrations in some maqui genotypes, encourages investigation into maqui genotypes that may have higher contents of particular anthocyanins. However, information concerning maqui domestication is still deficient.
- ItemWe Only Collect What We Need: Women's Experiences on Collecting Cauchao (Amomyrtus luma Molina) in Food Systems of Extreme South Forests in Chile(2024) Fredes, Carolina; Parada, Alejandra; Aguirre, Carolina; Rojas, Loreto; Robert, Paz; Bernales, MargaritaThe collection of the ancestral fruit cauchao (Amomyrtus luma) is part of the routines of women gatherers from the extreme south (44 degrees South Latitude) in Chile. The traditional food knowledge of cauchao has not been documented, and there is no data on the nutritional composition. Women's experiences collecting cauchao can help understand the relationship between traditional food, herbal medicine, and local gatherers' communities. Thus, this research explores the traditional knowledge of food and the nutritional composition of cauchao. Mixed methods research was performed. A case study included in-depth interviews with 12 women gatherers and thematic analysis. The composition of macronutrients in cauchao was obtained by proximate chemical analyses and dietary fiber using the enzymatic-gravimetric method. Results showed that gathering for these women was more than just extracting natural resources; it was associated with family, food security, participation in different stages of the food system, and practices that could contribute towards sustainable food systems. Furthermore, cauchao fruit showed a high dietary fiber content, and women gatherers did not connect cauchao with dietary fiber. Since access to knowledge by small-scale food producers, especially women, is part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG#2.3), the approach of this research may help guide knowledge transfer among women gatherers.