Browsing by Author "Rigotti Rivera, Attilio Gianpietro"
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- ItemDeterminants of transhepatic cholesterol flux and their relevance for gallstone formation(2009) Zanlungo Matsuhiro, Silvana; Rigotti Rivera, Attilio GianpietroCholesterol available for bile secretion is controlled by a wide variety of proteins that mediate lipoprotein cholesterol uptake and cholesterol transport and metabolism in the liver. From a disease perspective, abnormalities in the transhepatic traffic of cholesterol from plasma into the bile may influence the risk of cholesterol gallstone formation. This review summarizes some recent progress in understanding the hepatic determinants of biliary cholesterol secretion and its potential pathogenic implications in cholesterol gallstone disease. This information together with new discoveries in this field may lead to improved risk evaluation, novel surrogate markers and earlier diagnosis, better preventive approaches and more effective pharmacological therapies for this prevalent human disease.
- ItemEl síndrome metabólico: de factor agravante a principal factor de riesgo patogénico en diversas enfermedades crónicas(2010) Von Bernhardi Montgomery, Rommy Edth B.; Zanlungo Matsuhiro, Silvana; Arrese Jiménez, Marco Antonio; Arteaga Llona, Antonio Alberto; Rigotti Rivera, Attilio GianpietroIn recent years, a rapidly increasing number of studies have focused on the association between metabolic syndrome and several chronic diseases. However, it is difficult to determine a well defined pathogenic relationship, due to the etiological heterogeneity and comorbidities of these diseases. Research efforts are aiming to identify the convergent biological mechanisms that mediate the effects of hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. All these conditions define the metabolic syndrome, that increases the risk for several diseases. The knowledge of these biological mechanisms associated with this syndrome will elucidate the pathogenic association between a variety of chronic diseases, including its pathogenic link with cardiovascular diseases and the most common forms of dementia. The development of new therapeutic and preventive strategies for these diseases will be a corollary of this research.
- ItemHepatic cholesterol transport from plasma into bile: implications for gallstone disease(2004) Zanlungo Matsuhiro, Silvana; Rigotti Rivera, Attilio Gianpietro; Nervi Oddone, FlavioPurpose of reviewThe transhepatic traffic of cholesterol from plasma lipoproteins into the bile is critical for overall cholesterol homeostasis and its alterations may lead to cholesterol gallstone formation. This review summarizes recent progress in understanding the key hepatic cholesterol metabolism-related proteins and pathways that influence biliary secretion of cholesterol.Recent findingsIn cholesterol-fed apolipoprotein E knockout mice, the availability of dietary cholesterol for biliary disposal is decreased and diet-induced gallstone formation is impaired. Scavenger receptor class B type I is relevant for cholesterol transport from plasma HDL into the bile in chow-fed mice, however its expression is not critical for biliary cholesterol secretion and gallstone formation in lithogenic diet-fed mice. Intrahepatic cholesterol transport proteins (e.g. sterol carrier protein-2, Niemann Pick type C-1 protein) also determine liver cholesterol available for biliary secretion in mice. Genetic manipulation of canalicular ATP-binding cassette transporter G5 and G8 expression in mice has established their essential role for biliary cholesterol secretion.SummaryRecent studies have underscored that different proteins involved in hepatic cholesterol transport regulate the availability of cholesterol for biliary secretion. These advances may provide new avenues for prevention and treatment of various disease conditions linked to abnormal cholesterol metabolism.
- ItemImpaired biliary cholesterol secretion and decreased gallstone formation in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed a high-cholesterol diet(2000) Amigo Boker, Ludwig Peter; Quiñones, Verónica; Mardones, Pablo; Zanlungo Matsuhiro, Silvana; Miquel Poblete, Juan Francisco; Nervi Oddone, Flavio; Rigotti Rivera, Attilio GianpietroBackground & aimsBecause apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a key cholesterol transport molecule involved in the hepatic uptake of chylomicron cholesterol, it may play a critical role in controlling bile cholesterol elimination and cholesterol gallstone formation induced by dietary cholesterol. To test this hypothesis, we studied biliary lipid secretion and gallstone formation in apoE-deficient mice fed cholesterol-rich diets.MethodsBile lipid outputs and gallstone sequence events were analyzed in apoE-deficient mice fed a high-cholesterol diet or a lithogenic diet compared with control animals.ResultsA high-cholesterol diet increased biliary cholesterol secretion and gallbladder bile cholesterol concentration in wild-type mice; the increase in bile cholesterol secretion was significantly attenuated in apoE-deficient mice. ApoE knockout mice fed a high-cholesterol lithogenic diet had a markedly lower frequency of gallbladder bile cholesterol crystal and gallstone formation than wild-type mice, which was most likely a result of the decreased cholesterol saturation index found in gallbladder bile of apoE-deficient mice.ConclusionsThese results show that apoE expression is an important factor for regulating both biliary secretion of diet-derived cholesterol as well as diet-induced cholesterol gallstone formation in mice.
- Item[Molecular biology and medicine: basic concepts](1999) Zanlungo Matsuhiro, Silvana; Rigotti Rivera, Attilio Gianpietro; Arrese Jiménez, Marco AntonioThrough the advancements of molecular genetics, physicians and researchers are in an extraordinary period of study concerning the molecular basis of medicine. Molecular biology is making a tremendous impact on both diagnosis and treatment of diseases through the clinical introduction of molecular methods. These techniques, restricted for many years to basic biological research, include the polymerase chain reaction, DNA and protein electrophoresis, cloning of genes into viral or bacterial vectors and methods to rapidly sequence DNA and identify mutations. In this article the authors attempt to provide basic concepts on these themes for the non-trained physicians in order to help them to understand recent developments and foresee their future implications.
- ItemSTARTing to understand MLN64 function in cholesterol transport(2010) Rigotti Rivera, Attilio Gianpietro; Cohen, David E.; Zanlungo Matsuhiro, Silvana
- ItemThe ABCs of biliary cholesterol secretion and their implication for gallstone disease(2003) Zanlungo Matsuhiro, Silvana; Miquel Poblete, Juan Francisco; Rigotti Rivera, Attilio Gianpietro; Nervi Oddone, Flavio