Browsing by Author "Retamal, Ignacio N."

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    Differentially Expressed Genes and Signaling Pathways Potentially Involved in Primary Resistance to Chemo-Immunotherapy in Advanced-Stage Gastric Cancer Patients
    (MDPI, 2023) Pinto, Mauricio P.; Bravo, María Loreto; Córdova Delgado, Miguel; Hill, Charlotte N.; Muñoz Medel, Matías; Retamal, Ignacio N.; Fernández, M. Fernanda; Sánchez, Carolina; Sáez, Mauricio A.; Morales Pison, Sebastián; García Bloj, Benjamín; Garrido, Marcelo; Latapiat, Verónica; Martín, Alberto J.M.; Fernández Ramírez, Ricardo; Owen Gareth Ivor
    Recently, the combination of chemotherapy plus nivolumab (chemo-immunotherapy) has become the standard of care for advanced-stage gastric cancer (GC) patients. However, despite its efficacy, up to 40% of patients do not respond to these treatments. Our study sought to identify variations in gene expression associated with primary resistance to chemo-immunotherapy. Diagnostic endoscopic biopsies were retrospectively obtained from advanced GC patients previously categorized as responders (R) or non-responders (NR). Thirty-four tumor biopsies (R: n = 16, NR: n = 18) were analyzed by 3? massive analysis of cDNA ends (3?MACE). We found >30 differentially expressed genes between R and NRs. Subsequent pathway enrichment analyses demonstrated that angiogenesis and the Wnt-?-catenin signaling pathway were enriched in NRs. Concomitantly, we performed next generation sequencing (NGS) analyses in a subset of four NR patients that confirmed alterations in genes that belonged to the Wnt/?-catenin and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways. We speculate that angiogenesis, the Wnt, and the PI3K pathways might offer actionable targets. We also discuss therapeutic alternatives for chemo-immunotherapy-resistant advanced-stage GC patients.
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    Glycated Collagen Stimulates Differentiation of Gingival Myofibroblasts.
    (2017) Retamal, Ignacio N.; Hernández, Romina; Melo Ledermann, Francisco Javier; Zapata, Paulina; Martinez, Constanza; Martínez, Jorge; Smith, Patricio C.