Browsing by Author "Porath, William "

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    Application of Functional Theory of Political Discourse in Chilean presidential debates to determine the influence of journalists in the contents
    (2021) Porath, William ; Ortega-Gunckel, Constanza ; Núñez-Mussa, Enrique
    Within the growing academic interest over electoral debates, the role of the journalists who conduct the debates in determining the tenor of the answers has not been sufficiently studied. We used Chile as an extreme case, given the predominant role that the debate moderators receive here, thanks to the journalistic panel" format utilized in them, where they take turns to interview the candidates. As a framework to describe these contents, we used Functional Theory of Political Discourse by William Benoit. Our data show that, indeed, the candidates use different combinations of said functions, depending on the different frameworks established by the rules for each debate. Clearly, the candidates tend to defend themselves from the attacks of the journalists, rather than their rivals'; and they use other strategies when the rules allow them more freedom.
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    Caracterización del ejercicio periodístico en los debates presidenciales chilenos: una comparación entre mujeres y hombres en su rol como entrevistadores
    (2021) Ortega-Gunckel, Constanza ; Proust, Valentina ; Porath, William
    The following research presents the results of a mixed exploratory study, whose objective is to identify if the characteristics of the journalistic exercise are influenced by the gender approach, in the context of the presidential debates carried out in Chile. As a corpus of analysis, the transcripts of seven televised presidential debates, organized by ANATEL (National Television Association) and broadcast between 1989 and 2017, were used. Based on a content analysis of 758 statements (broadcast by 13 female and 22 male journalists) and constant comparison analysis, it was possible to identify the following: contrary to what the theory describes, female journalists behave similarly to their male peers, constructing their questions mainly on challenging news topics, focusing them on the execution and financing of public policies, and supporting them with the use of data. Also, they adopt a civic-guard dog role, responding to traditional expectations regarding the exercise of journalism; in contrast, men assume a civic-antagonistic role. In conclusion, the debates, being a neutral instance with pre-established rules, diminish the inequity and inequalities among journalists according to their gender, reducing the existing barriers in the newsrooms.
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    Framing Political News in the Chilean Press: The Persistence of the Conflict Frame
    (2017) Elena Gronemeyer, Maria; Porath, William
    This article describes the treatment of politics in the Chilean press using five generic frames and indicators: attribution of responsibility, conflict, human interest, economic consequences, and morality. The aim of our research was, for the first time in Chile, to detect the use of these frames to determine how generic they are. A quantitative content analysis, based on the indicators adapted from the baseline study and covering three years and six distinct newspapers, enabled us to establish how these frames are presented in the Chilean media, their frequency of use, and whether there are significant variations over time and among the newspapers analyzed.
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    La evolución de los formatos de debates presidenciales en la televisión chilena: 1989-2017: Un caso de especiación
    (2019) Porath, William ; Ortega Gunckel, Constanza; Rojas Soto, Ana Javiera
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    Periodismo, fuentes políticas y género en Chile. Una relación desproporcionada
    (2022) Hudson, Eileen; Porath, William; Ortega-Gunckel, Constanza
    Due to the problem of the scarce presence of women as sources in political news in the media, this study observes what type of journalistic treatment is given to political information when its voice is feminine. To do so, we analyzed the content of four newspapers distributed in the capital of Chile and two regional media during 2007, 2011, and 2015 to study the number of sources of both genders present in political information, the amount of space assigned, the type of source, and whether the press uses men and women differently when framing the news with some of the five news frames proposed by Semetko and Valkenburg (2000). This analysis found that of the 2,569 sources analyzed, women appear as sources in 16.8%. In general, journalists does not treat men and women working in politics similarly, except in the case o f the length o f quotations. In light of the results, there is a need to promote a journalism that is more aware and willing to reduce these gaps through the visibility and normalization of women's participation in highly relevant political positions, spaces considered masculine until a few years ago.
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    THE PREVALENCE OF MYTH ON ICONOGRAPHIC ADVERTISING. EXPLORING THE CASE OF THE CHILEAN RETAIL
    (UNIV DIEGO PORTALES, 2017) Vergara, Enrique; Porath, William; Labarca, Claudia; Gomez Lorenzini, Paulina
    This article explores the relationship between artistic mythological representations and its influence in Chilean retail advertising. The study is based on 747 printed ads, published in the mainstream media - newspapers and magazines- in 2013, and aims to establish the link between these ads and mythological representation. Of the total of pieces analyzed, four were selected, which clearly reveal the compositional and symbolic similarities between the advertising graphic of retail and classical mythology.