DSpace Angular :: Browsing by Author "Pinto, Mauricio P."

Browsing by Author "Pinto, Mauricio P."

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A case-control study of a combination of single nucleotide polymorphisms and clinical parameters to predict clinically relevant toxicity associated with fluoropyrimidine and platinum-based chemotherapy in gastric cancer
(2021) Cordova-Delgado, Miguel; Bravo Castillo, María Loreto; Cumsille, Elisa; Hill Machado, Charlotte Nicole; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Miquel P., Juan Francisco; Rodríguez-Fernández, María; Corvalán R., Alejandro; Garrido S., Marcelo; Owen, Gareth Ivor
Background: Fluoropyrimidine plus platinum chemotherapy remains the standard first line treatment for gastric cancer (GC). Guidelines exist for the clinical interpretation of four DPYD genotypes related to severe fluoropyrimidine toxicity within European populations. However, the frequency of these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Latin American population is low (< 0.7%). No guidelines have been development for platinum. Herein, we present association between clinical factors and common SNPs in the development of grade 3–4 toxicity. Methods: Retrospectively, 224 clinical records of GC patient were screened, of which 93 patients were incorporated into the study. Eleven SNPs with minor allelic frequency above 5% in GSTP1, ERCC2, ERCC1, TP53, UMPS, SHMT1, MTHFR, ABCC2 and DPYD were assessed. Association between patient clinical characteristics and toxicity was estimated using logistic regression models and classification algorithms. Results; Reported grade ≤ 2 and 3–4 toxicities were 64.6% (61/93) and 34.4% (32/93) respectively. Selected DPYD SNPs were associated with higher toxicity (rs1801265; OR = 4.20; 95% CI = 1.70–10.95, p = 0.002), while others displayed a trend towards lower toxicity (rs1801159; OR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.19–1.08; p = 0.071). Combination of paired SNPs demonstrated significant associations in DPYD (rs1801265), UMPS (rs1801019), ABCC2 (rs717620) and SHMT1 (rs1979277). Using multivariate logistic regression that combined age, sex, peri-operative chemotherapy, 5-FU regimen, the binary combination of the SNPs DPYD (rs1801265) + ABCC2 (rs717620), and DPYD (rs1801159) displayed the best predictive performance. A nomogram was constructed to assess the risk of developing overall toxicity. Conclusion: Pending further validation, this model could predict chemotherapy associated toxicity and improve GC patient quality of life.
A simple method to assess estrogen receptor gene (ESR1) amplification in paired biopsies from primary tumor and recurrence in breast cancer patients receiving endocrine therapy
(2020) Maiz, Cristóbal; Oddó, David; Alfaro, Francisca; Villarroel, Alejandra; Acevedo, Francisco; Pérez Sepulveda, Alejandra; Muñiz, Sabrina; Silva, Fernando; Valdivia, Andrés; Merino, Tomas; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Sánchez, César
Globally, Breast Cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer death among women. About 75% of patients are diagnosed with hormone-dependent tumors and are set to receive Endocrine Therapy (ET) targeting the estrogen receptor. Unfortunately, a significant proportion of these patients develops ET resistance. Still controversial, studies have proposed that Estrogen Receptor-Alpha Gene (ESR1) alterations may underlie ET resistance. Here, we describe the use of a Chromogenic in Situ Hybridization (CISH) assay for the assessment of ESR1 amplification in primary tumors and recurrences. This assay could be a useful clinical tool with therapeutic implications for estrogen receptor positive BC patients.
Access disparities and underutilization of germline genetic testing in Chilean breast cancer patients
(2023) Acevedo Claros, Francisco Nicolás; Walbaum García, Benjamín Vicente; Camus Appuhn, Mauricio Gonzalo; Manzor Véliz, Manuel; Muñiz Muñoz, María Sabrina; Medina Araya, Lidia; Petric Guajardo, Militza Paulina; Reyes, Paula; Domínguez, Francisco; Puschel Illanes, Klaus; Merino Lara, Tomás Rodrigo; Bravo, M. Loreto; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Ibáñez, Carolina; Hughes, Kevin; Sánchez Rojel, César Giovanni
Purpose Latin American reports on genetic cancer risk assessments are scarce. In Chile, current breast cancer (BC) guidelines do not define strategies for germline genetic testing. Our study sought to quantify the disparities in access to genetic testing in Chilean BC patients, according to international standards and their clinical characteristics to explore improvement strategies.Methods Retrospective analysis of invasive BC databases including patients treated in a Public Hospital (PH) and in an Academic Private Center (AC) in Santiago, Chile between 2012 and 2021.Results Of 5438 BC patients, 3955 had enough data for National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) categorization. From these, 1911 (48.3%) fulfilled NCCN criteria for germline testing, of whom, 300 were tested for germline mutations and 268 with multigene panels. A total of 65 pathogenic variants were found in this subset. As expected, BRCA1/2 mutations were the most frequent (17.7%). Access to genetic testing was higher in AC versus PH (19.6% vs. 10.3%, p = 0.0001). Other variables associated with germline genetic testing were BC diagnosis after 2018, being 45 years old or younger at diagnosis, BC family history (FH), FH of ovarian cancer, non-metastatic disease, and triple-negative subtype.Conclusion In our cohort, 15% of BC patients who met NCCN criteria for germline testing were effectively tested. This percentage was even lower at the PH. Current recommendations encourage universal genetic testing for BC patients; however, our findings suggest that Chile is far from reaching such a goal and national guidelines in this regard are urgently needed. To our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind in Chile and Latin America.
Coagulation Factor Xa Promotes Solid Tumor Growth, Experimental Metastasis and Endothelial Cell Activation.
(2019) Arce, Maximiliano; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Galleguillos, Macarena; Muñoz, Catalina; Lange, Soledad; Ramirez, Carolina; Erices, Rafaela; Gonzalez, Pamela; Velasquez, Ethel; Tempio, Fabián; Lopez, Mercedes N.; Salazar-Onfray, Flavio; Cautivo, Kelly; Kalergis, Alexis M.; Cruz, Sebastián; Lladser, Álvaro; Lobos-González, Lorena; Valenzuela, Guillermo; Olivares, Nixa; Sáez, Claudia; Koning, Tania; Sánchez, Fabiola A.; Fuenzalida, Patricia; Godoy, Alejandro; Contreras Orellana, Pamela; Leyton, Lisette; Lugano, Roberta; Dimberg, Anna; Quest, Andrew F.G.; Owen, Gareth I.
Hypercoagulable state is linked to cancer progression; however, the precise role of the coagulation cascade is poorly described. Herein, we examined the contribution of a hypercoagulative state through the administration of intravenous Coagulation Factor Xa (FXa), on the growth of solid human tumors and the experimental metastasis of the B16F10 melanoma in mouse models. FXa increased solid tumor volume and lung, liver, kidney and lymph node metastasis of tail-vein injected B16F10 cells. Concentrating on the metastasis model, upon coadministration of the anticoagulant Dalteparin, lung metastasis was significantly reduced, and no metastasis was observed in other organs. FXa did not directly alter proliferation, migration or invasion of cancer cells in vitro. Alternatively, FXa upon endothelial cells promoted cytoskeleton contraction, disrupted membrane VE-Cadherin pattern, heightened endothelial-hyperpermeability, increased inflammatory adhesion molecules and enhanced B16F10 adhesion under flow conditions. Microarray analysis of endothelial cells treated with FXa demonstrated elevated expression of inflammatory transcripts. Accordingly, FXa treatment increased immune cell infiltration in mouse lungs, an effect reduced by dalteparin. Taken together, our results suggest that FXa increases B16F10 metastasis via endothelial cell activation and enhanced cancer cell-endothelium adhesion advocating that the coagulation system is not merely a bystander in the process of cancer metastasis.
Complete response to immunotherapy plus chemotherapy after an unusual clinical response to afatinib and stereotactic radiosurgery in a patient with metastatic EGFR-mutant non–small-cell lung cancer
(2020) Pizarro, Gonzalo; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Muñoz-Medel, Matías; Cordova-Delgado, Miguel; Bravo, M. Loreto; Nervi, Bruno; Sánchez, César; Ibañez, Carolina; Peña, José; Walbaum, Benjamín; Madrid, Jorge; Briones, Juan; Koch, Erica; Valbuena, Jose; Gonzalez, Sergio; Gejman, Roger; Acevedo, Francisco; Mondaca, Sebastian; Garrido, Marcelo; Vines, Eugenio; Galindo, Hector
Contrast-enhanced mammography predicts pathological response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer
(2022) Canteros, Daniel; Walbaum, Benjamin; Córdova-Delgado, Miguel; Torrealba, Andrés; Reyes, Constanza; Navarro, María Elena; Razmilic, Dravna; Camus, Mauricio; Dominguez, Francisco; Navarrete, Orieta; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Pizarro, Gonzalo; Acevedo, Francisco; Sánchez, César
Introduction: Recently, contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) has emerged as a reliable alternative to breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the assessment of pathological response in breast cancer patients. Our study sought to determine the diagnostic accuracy of CEM to predict pathological complete response (pCR) in patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Methods: We retrieved the medical records of patients who underwent NACT at our institution. Using post-surgery pCR, morphological evidence and CEM enhancement tumours were classified as follows: 1) radiologic complete response (rCR); 2) functional radiological complete response (frCR); and 3) non-complete response. Initially, we used multivariate analyses adjusted by clinical variables and frCR or rCR to determine which variables affected pathological response. Then, CEM diagnostic accuracy to discriminate pCR was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves in univariate and multivariate models including either frCR or rCR. Results: A total of 48 patients were included in our study. Most patients (68.7%) were hormone receptor (HR)+ and 41.6% (20) of the patients achieved pCR. Using univariate logistic regression analyses we found that HR status, HER2 status, rCR and frCR had a significant impact on CEM diagnostic accuracy. Exploratory analyses found that CEM sensitivity was higher for HR− tumours. Multivariate logistic regression analyses found 60% sensitivity, 92.9% specificity and 79.2% accuracy in a model that included clinical variables and rCR. Conclusion: CEM is a reliable alternative to high-cost, time-consuming breast MRI that predicts pCR in patients undergoing NACT; CEM diagnostic accuracy was higher among patients who harboured HR− tumours.
Differentially Expressed Genes and Signaling Pathways Potentially Involved in Primary Resistance to Chemo-Immunotherapy in Advanced-Stage Gastric Cancer Patients
(MDPI, 2023) Pinto, Mauricio P.; Bravo, María Loreto; Córdova Delgado, Miguel; Hill, Charlotte N.; Muñoz Medel, Matías; Retamal, Ignacio N.; Fernández, M. Fernanda; Sánchez, Carolina; Sáez, Mauricio A.; Morales Pison, Sebastián; García Bloj, Benjamín; Garrido, Marcelo; Latapiat, Verónica; Martín, Alberto J.M.; Fernández Ramírez, Ricardo; Owen Gareth Ivor
Recently, the combination of chemotherapy plus nivolumab (chemo-immunotherapy) has become the standard of care for advanced-stage gastric cancer (GC) patients. However, despite its efficacy, up to 40% of patients do not respond to these treatments. Our study sought to identify variations in gene expression associated with primary resistance to chemo-immunotherapy. Diagnostic endoscopic biopsies were retrospectively obtained from advanced GC patients previously categorized as responders (R) or non-responders (NR). Thirty-four tumor biopsies (R: n = 16, NR: n = 18) were analyzed by 3? massive analysis of cDNA ends (3?MACE). We found >30 differentially expressed genes between R and NRs. Subsequent pathway enrichment analyses demonstrated that angiogenesis and the Wnt-?-catenin signaling pathway were enriched in NRs. Concomitantly, we performed next generation sequencing (NGS) analyses in a subset of four NR patients that confirmed alterations in genes that belonged to the Wnt/?-catenin and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways. We speculate that angiogenesis, the Wnt, and the PI3K pathways might offer actionable targets. We also discuss therapeutic alternatives for chemo-immunotherapy-resistant advanced-stage GC patients.
Eribulin-induced radiation recall dermatitis: a case report and brief review of the literature
(2020) Tran, WT; Ibáñez Cáceres, Carolina.; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Sánchez Rojel, César Giovanni; Czarnota, GJ; Merino Lara, Tomas Rodrigo
Fact or Fiction, It Is Time for a Verdict on Vasculogenic Mimicry?
(2019) Valdivia Román, Andrés Felipe; Mingo Orsini, Gabriel Antonio; Aldana, Varina; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Ramírez, Marco; Retamal, Claudio; González, Alfonso; Nualart, Francisco; Corválan, Alejandro H.; Owen, Gareth Ivor
First-line endocrine therapy for advanced breast cancer. A real-world study at a Latin American university health institution
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2020) Walbaum, Benjamin; Acevedo, Francisco; Medina, Lidia; Bravo, M. Loreto; Merino, Tomas; Camus, Mauricio; Dominguez, Francisco; Mondaca, Sebastian; Galindo, Hector; Nervi, Bruno; Ibanez, Carolina; Madrid, Jorge; Pena, Jose; Koch, Erica; Garrido, Marcelo; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Sanchez, Cesar
Objective: Clinical guidelines recommend the use of endocrine therapy (ET) in advanced hormone receptor positive (HR+) human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 negative (HER2-) breast cancer (BC) patients in the absence of visceral disease or ET resistance. Furthermore, studies indicate similar response and survival rates using ET or cytotoxic chemotherapy (CT). Methods: Herein, we assessed clinical characteristics, type of systemic therapy and survival rates of advanced HR + HER2-BC patients in our database. Results: A total of 172 advanced HR + HER2-BC patients were treated at our institution between 1997 and 2019. Sixty percent received first-line ET (4% received combined ET). Median age of this subset was 55 years (range: 30-86). Similarly, the median age of patients that received CT was 54 years (range: 21-83). Over time, 30% of patients received ET in the 2000-2005 period; this increased to 70% in the 2016-2019 period (p = .045). Overall survival (OS) was 97 months and 51 months for patients treated with ET or CT, respectively (p = .002). Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge this is the first study assessing the use of ET in Chilean advanced HR + HER2-BC patients. Several patients in our institution receive CT without indication. The increase in ET usage over time can be attributed to better and faster immunohistochemical detection methods for Estrogen Receptor (ER), changes in educational and government policies, and a wider variety of ET options. Finally, clinical trials have failed to demonstrate a substantial benefit of CT over ET in this setting.
High linoleic acid levels in red blood cells predict a poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2-positive breast cancer patients
(2024) Rodrigo Valenzuela; Walbaum García, Benjamín Vicente; Farías Castro, Camila ; Acevedo Claros, Francisco Nicolás; Vargas Añazco, Catalina Andrea; Bennett Lason, José Tomás; Bravo, M. Loreto; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Medina Araya, Lidia Marjorie; Merino Lara, Tomás Rodrigo; Ibáñez Cáceres, Carolina; Parada Daza, Alejandra Cristina; Sánchez Rojel, César Giovanni
Objective Polyunsaturated fatty acids are categorized as ω-3 or ⍵-6. Previous studies demonstrate that breast cancers display a high expression of fatty acid synthase and high fatty acid levels. Our study sought to determine if changes in plasma or red blood cell membrane fatty acid levels were associated with the response to preoperative (neoadjuvant) chemotherapy in non-metastatic breast cancer patients.MethodsOur prospective study assessed fatty acid levels in plasma and red blood cell membrane. Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was evaluated by the presence or absence of pathologic complete response and/or residual cancer burden.ResultsA total of 28 patients were included. First, patients who achieved pathologic complete response had significantly higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio versus no pathologic complete response (P = 0.003). Second, total red blood cell membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids were higher in the absence of pathologic complete response (P = 0.0028). Third, total red blood cell membrane ⍵-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids were also higher in no pathologic complete response (P < 0.01). Among ⍵-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, red blood cell membrane linoleic acid was higher in the absence of pathologic complete response (P < 0.01). Notably, plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid, ⍵-6, and linoleic acid levels did not have significant differences. A multivariate analysis confirmed red blood cell membrane linoleic acid was associated with no pathologic complete response; this was further confirmed by receiver operating characteristic analysis (specificity = 92.3%, sensitivity = 76.9%, and area under the curve = 0.855).ConclusionsPending further validation, red blood cell membrane linoleic acid might serve as a predictor biomarker of poorer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in non-metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2–positive breast cancer. Measuring fatty acids in red blood cell membrane could offer a convenient, minimally invasive strategy to identifying patients more likely to respond or those with chemoresistance.
Impact of Adjuvant FOLFOX on Quality of Life and Peripheral Neuropathy Incidence in Patients With Gastric Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study
(Elsevier Inc., 2023) Mondaca Contreras, Sebastián Patricio; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Briones Carvajal, Juan Rodrigo; Caire, Nicole; Peña Prado, José Tomas; Koch Hein, Erica Cristina; Muñiz Muñoz, Maria Sabrina; Herrera, María Elisa; Sanchez Rojel, Cesar Giovanni; Galindo Aranibar, Héctor Gonzalo; Pizarro Brito, Gonzalo Ignacio; Acevedo Claros, Francisco Nicolas; Ibáñez Cáceres, Carolina; Balmaceda Araque, Carlos Felipe; Norero, Enrique; Duran, Doris; Garrido Salvo, Marcelo Adán; Nervi Nattero, Bruno
Objectives: Perioperative and adjuvant chemotherapy have demonstrated clinical benefits in localized gastric cancer. Nevertheless, the reports on their effects on patient's health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are scarce. Here, we prospectively assessed quality of life and the incidence of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in a cohort of patients treated with adjuvant FOLFOX. Methods: Localized stomach or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma patients who underwent curative resection were recruited at a single center. All patients received adjuvant FOLFOX6, and HRQoL and CIPN were assessed using the European organization for research and treatment of cancer quality life (EORTC) C30 and the EORTC CIPN20 questionnaires, respectively. Clinically significant deterioration of HRQoL was also assessed as a coprimary outcome in a longitudinal analysis. Results: We recruited a total of 63 patients. Median age was 62.5 years, and 75% had stomach tumors. Twenty-four weeks after the start of treatment, the probability of being free from HRQoL deterioration and CIPN was 29% (95% confidence interval [CI] 18%-42%) and 6% (95% CI 2%-17%), respectively. Five-year disease-free survival was 45% (95% CI 24%-64%) and 5-year overall survival was 63% (95% CI 48%-76%). Conclusions: Adjuvant FOLFOX is associated with a high rate of long-term survival in localized gastric cancer; nevertheless, it has detrimental effects on patients’ quality of life.
Multimodal assessment of acute cardiac toxicity induced by thoracic radiotherapy in cancer patients : study protocol
(2021) Merino Lara, Tomas Rodrigo; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Orellana Vargas, María Paz; Martínez, Gonzalo; Andía Kohnenkampf, Marcelo Edgardo; Muñoz Schuffenegger, Pablo; Acevedo Claros, Francisco Nicolás; Gabrielli, Luigi; Sánchez Rojel, César Giovanni; Pereira, Jaime
Background : Today, cancer ranks as one of the leading causes of death. Despite the large number of novel available therapies, radiotherapy (RT) remains as the most effective non-surgical method to cure cancer patients. In fact, approximately 50% of all cancer patients receive some type of RT and among these 60% receive RT-treatment with a curative intent. However, as occurs with any other oncological therapy, RT treated patients may experience toxicity side effects that range from moderate to severe. Among these, cardiotoxicity represents a significant threat for premature death. Current methods evaluate cardiotoxic damage based on volumetric changes in the Left Ventricle Ejected Fraction (LVEF). Indeed, a 10% drop in LVEF is commonly used as indicator of cardiotoxicity. More recently, a number of novel techniques have been developed that significantly improve specificity and sensitivity of heart’s volumetric changes and early detection of cardiotoxicity even in asymptomatic patients. Among these, the Strain by Speckle Tracking (SST) is a technique based on echocardiographic analysis that accurately evaluates myocardial deformation during the cardiac cycle (ventricular and atrial function). Studies also suggest that Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a high-resolution technique that enables a better visualization of acute cardiac damage. Methodology: This protocol will evaluate changes in SST and MRI in cancer patients that received thoracic RT. Concomitantly, we will assess changes in serum biomarkers of cardiac damage in these patients, including: high-sensitivity cardiac Troponin-T (hscTnT), N-Terminal pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NTproBNP) and Circulating Endothelial Cells (CECs), a marker of endothelial dysfunction and vascular damage. Discussion: The presented protocol is to our knowledge the first to prospectively and with a multimodal approach, study serological and image biomarkers off early cardiac damage due to radiotherapy. With a practical clinical approach we will seek early changes that could potentially be in the future be linked to clinical mayor events with consequences for cancer survivors.
Obesity is associated with early recurrence on breast cancer patients that achieved pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy
(2022) Acevedo Claros, Francisco Nicolás; Walbaum García, Benjamín Vicente; Muñiz Muñoz, María Sabrina; Petric Guajardo, Militza Paulina; Martínez, Raúl; Guerra, Constanza; Navarro, Marisel; Córdova Delgado, Miguel; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Sánchez Rojel, César Giovanni
Pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) is associated with good long-term prognosis in breast cancer (BC) patients. However, some patients still recur and eventually die from this disease. For years, clinical stage at diagnosis has been consistently linked to recurrence and survival in the pCR setting. Herein, we aimed to identify other potential predictors of recurrence and survival in patients that achieved pCR. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2020 in our center. We calculated overall survival (OS), invasive disease-free survival (IDFS), distant disease-free survival (DDFS), and BC-specific survival (BCSS). Among the 241 patients included into our study 36% were obese (Body Mass Index (BMI) > 29.9 kg/m2) and 47% were stage III. Multivariate analysis confirmed that obesity was a significant risk factor associated with early recurrence and poorer survival in these patients. In summary, obesity and clinical stage predict early recurrence and poorer survival in patients that achieved pCR after NCT. Pending further investigation and based on our findings we speculate that weight management could be beneficial for this subset of patients. To our knowledge, this is the first Latin American report linking obesity and recurrence within this setting.
Oncological benefit versus cardiovascular risk in breast cancer patients treated with modern radiotherapy
(2022) Acevedo, Francisco; Ip, Teresa; Orellana, María; Martínez, Gonzalo; Gabrielli, Luigi; Andia, Marcelo; Besa, Cecilia; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Sánchez, Cesar; Merino, Tomas
Radiotherapy (RT) is an essential part of breast cancer (BC) treatments. Unfortunately, heart exposure to radiation can also impair the long-term survival of patients. Our study aimed to quantify the oncological benefit and the cardiovascular (CV) risk associated with modern RT in a real-world cohort of BC patients. Our descriptive study enrolled BC patients who received adjuvant RT. Ten-year overall survival (OS) was estimated using Predict® version 2.1 (National Health Service, London, UK). The basal risk of CV events was estimated using the American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) CV score. Treatment volumes and mean cardiac doses were obtained from RT treatment plan records. The increased risk of CV events due to RT was estimated using a model proposed by Darby. The risk of acute myocardial infarction or stroke mortality was estimated using HeartScore® (European Society of Cardiology, Brussels, Belgium). A total of 256 BC patients were included in the study. The average age of patients was 57 years old (range: 25–91); 49.6% had left BC. The mean cardiac dose was 166 cGy (interquartile range (IQR) 94–273); the estimated hazard ratio (HR) for CV disease was HR 1.12 (confidence interval (CI) 1.04–1.24). The estimated baseline 10-year CV risk was 5.6% (0.2 to 51.2); CV risk increased by 0.9% (range 0.02–35.47%) after RT. The absolute risk of 10-year mortality from CV disease was 2.5% (0.1–9); RT was associated with an estimated 4.9% survival benefit (3.73–6.07) against BC death and a 0.23% (0.17–0.29) estimated increase in CV mortality. Modern RT decreased 10-year BC mortality by 4% but increased CV mortality by 0.2% in this cohort. Our findings encourage the implementation of personalized adjuvant RT treatments that balance risks and benefits to improve long-term BC patient survival.
Oncological resection, myasthenia gravis and staging as prognostic factors in thymic tumours: a Chilean case series
(2021) Salas, Patricio; Solovera, Maria Eliana; Bannura, Felipe; Muñoz-Medel, Matias; Cordova-Delgado, Miguel; Sanchez, Cesar; Ibañez, Carolina; Garrido, Marcelo; Koch, Erica; Acevedo, Francisco; Mondaca, Sebastian; Nervi, Bruno; Madrid, Jorge; Peña, Jose; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Valbuena, José; Galindo, Hector
Background: Thymic epithelial tumours are rare and highly heterogeneous. Reports from the United States suggest an overall incidence of 0.15 per 100,000/year. In contrast, the incidence of these tumours in Latin America is largely unknown and reports are scarce, somewhat limited to case reports. Methods: Herein, we report a series of 38 thymic tumours from a single institution, retrospectively incorporated into this study. Patient characteristics and outcomes including age, sex, stage, paraneoplastic syndromes, treatment regimens and the date of decease were obtained from medical records. Results: Most cases in our series were females and young age (<50 years old) and early stage by Masaoka-Koga or the Moran staging systems. Also, a 34% of patients had myasthenia gravis (MG). Next, we analysed overall survival rates in our series and found that the quality of surgery (R0, R1 or R2), MG status and staging (Masaoka-Koga, Moran or TNM) were prognostic factors. Finally, we compared our data to larger thymic tumour series. Conclusions: Overall, our study confirms complete surgical resection as the standard, most effective treatment for thymic epithelial tumours. Also, the Masaoka-Koga staging system remains as a reliable prognostic factor but also the Moran staging system should be considered for thymomas.
Pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but not the addition of carboplatin, is associated with improved survival in Chilean triple negative breast cancer patients: a report of real world data
(2021) Walbaum, Benjamin; Acevedo, Francisco; Median, Lidia; Bravo, M. Loreto; Merino, Tomas; Camus, Mauricio; Dominguez, Francisco; Mondaca, Sebastián; Galindo, Héctor; Nervi, Bruno; Ibañez, Carolina; Madrid, Jorge; Muñiz, Sabrina; Peña, José; Koch, Érica; Garrido, Marcelo; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Sánchez, César
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer death for Chilean women. About 11% of cases are triple-negative (TN) BC. These are characterised by poor prognosis, higher risk of early recurrence and visceral dissemination versus other BC subtypes. Current standard treatment for early-stage non-metastatic TNBC patients consists of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by surgery and radiotherapy. Pathological complete response (pCR) to NACT is associated with an increase in survival rates. In general, NACT and adjuvant regimens involve similar cytotoxic drugs. Recent studies have postulated that the use of platinum compounds in TNBC would increase response rates. However, their effects on patient survival remain uncertain. Materials and methods: We retrieved and analysed medical records from a total of 156 Chilean stage I–III TNBC female patients that received NACT and compared survival rates using carboplatin (Cb)-containing versus non-Cb-containing regimens at two health cancer centres. Results: Median age was 51 years (range: 24–81); 13.5% (n = 21) received Cb-containing regimens, 80.1% (n = 125) received sequential anthracyclines plus taxanes; 29.5% (n = 46) of the total group achieved pCR, 28% for the standard treatment and 35% (n = 8) for the Cb-containing group (p = 0.59). We confirmed pCR was associated with prolonged overall survival, invasive and distant disease-free survival (Log-rank p = 0.0236). But the addition of Cb was not associated with differences in survival measures (Log-rank p = 0.5216). Conclusions: To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first report on real-world data in the Chilean population assessing the effect of Cb-containing NACT in TNBC. The authors’ results suggest no survival benefit by the addition of Cb to standard NACT. However, we confirm an increase in survival associated to pCR regardless of treatment.
Patient inflammatory status and CD4+/CD8+ intraepithelial tumor lymphocyte infiltration are predictors of outcomes in high-grade serous ovarian cancer
(2018) Pinto, Mauricio P.; Balmaceda, Carlos; Bravo Castillo, María Loreto; Kato Cardemil, Sumie Rode; Villarroel, Alejandra; Owen, Gareth Ivor; Roa Strauch, Juan Carlos Enrique; Cuello F., Mauricio; Ibañez, Carolina
Progesterone regulation of tissue factor depends on MEK1/2 activation and requires the proline-rich site on progesterone receptor
(2015) Bravo Castillo, María Loreto; Pinto, Mauricio P.; González, Ibeth; Oliva, Bárbara; Kato Cardemil, Sumie Rode; Cuello F., Mauricio; Lange, Carol A.; Owen, Gareth Ivor
Upper-Limb Disability and the Severity of Lymphedema Reduce the Quality of Life of Patients with Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema
(2023) Ramírez Parada, Karol Lilia; González Santos, Angela ; Riady Aleuy, Layla ; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Ibáñez Cáceres, Carolina; Merino Lara, Tomás Rodrigo; Acevedo Claros, Francisco Nicolás; Walbaum García, Benjamín Vicente; Fernández Verdejo, Rodrigo ; Sánchez Rojel, César Giovanni
Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is characterized by arm swelling, pain, and discomfort, reducing the quality of life (QoL) of affected individuals. BRCL is caused via the blockage or disruption of the lymphatic vessels following cancer treatments, leading to an accumulation of fluid in the affected arm. While current BCRL rehabilitation treatments seek to reduce arm swelling, our study aimed to examine the impact of both the magnitude of lymphedema (ΔVolume) and arm disability on three dimensions of QoL: social, physical, and psychological. Using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (DASH) and the Upper Limb Lymphedema 27 questionnaire (ULL) in a group of 30 patients, we found that the magnitude of lymphedema (ΔVolume) was associated with the social dimension of QoL (r = 0.37, p = 0.041), but not with other dimensions. On the other hand, arm disability was associated with all evaluated dimensions of QoL (social, physical, and psychological: p < 0.001, p = 0.019, and p = 0.050 (borderline), respectively). These findings suggest that BCRL rehabilitation strategies should not only aim to reduce the magnitude of lymphedema but should also seek to improve or preserve arm functionality to enhance the QoL of BCRL patients.

Browsing by Author "Pinto, Mauricio P."

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