Browsing by Author "Pinto, Mauricio "

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    Enhancing Grit and Critical Thinking in Rural Primary Students: Impact of a Targeted Educational Intervention
    (2024) Gallardo-Estrada, Carla; Nussbaum, Miguel; Pinto, Mauricio; Alvares, Danilo; Alario-Hoyos, Carlos
    This study examined the impact of a targeted educational intervention on enhancing grit and critical thinking skills among 10-year-old primary school students in rural Chile. The intervention, involving 153 students from six public schools, used a language classroom model with structured reading activities. Grit and critical thinking were measured pre- and post-intervention. Results showed improvements in the intervention group. The intervention's effectiveness was consistent across genders. The findings suggest that structured, student-centered educational strategies can enhance grit and critical thinking in primary students. Further research is needed to generalize the results to different settings and age groups.
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    Palbociclib in advanced stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer: real- world data from a Chilean multicentre registry
    (2023) Walbaum García, Benjamín Vicente; Reyes, José Miguel ; Rodríguez, Pablo ; Muñiz Muñoz, María Sabrina; Medina Araya, Lidia Marjorie; Ibáñez Cáceres, Carolina; Merino Lara, Tomás Rodrigo; Pinto, Mauricio ; Bravo, María Loreto ; Acevedo Claros, Francisco Nicolás; Bennett Laso, José Tomás; Sánchez Rojel, César Giovanni
    Background The addition of cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitors (CDKi) to endocrine therapy (ET) as the first- or second line treatment improves progression-free and overall survival (OS) in hormone receptor-positive, HER2 negative (HR+/HER2-) advanced stage breast cancer (ABC). Our study compared survival rates and prognostic factors in Chilean patients that used palbociclib as first or subsequent (≥second) lines of treatment in a real-world setting.Methods Our retrospective population-cohort study included HR+/HER2- ABC patients. We calculated 5-year OS and performed a multivariate analysis to determine prognostic factors.Results A total of 106 patients were included. Median age was 49 years (19–86), 28.3% (30) had de novo stage IV disease; 63% received palbociclib with ET as first line, 54% of them with aromatase inhibitor over fulvestrant. Median OS for the entire cohort was 99 months and 5-year OS was 69%. Patients that received first line palbociclib had a 5-year OS of 89% versus 43% for ET monotherapy or ≥second line palbociclib (p = 0.0062). Multivariate analysis showed that the year at diagnosis and CDKi timing (first line versus ≥second line) were significantly associated with OS.Conclusion Our real-world data show that first-line CDKi + ET provides a statistically significant benefit in OS versus ≥second line in HR+/HER2- ABC patients.
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    Regulation of GLUT3 and glucose uptake by the cAMP signalling pathway in the breast cancer cell line ZR-75
    (2008) Meneses, Ana Maria; Medina, Rodolfo A.; Kato, Sumie; Pinto, Mauricio; Jaque, Maria Paz; Lizama, Isabel; Garcia, Maria De Los Angeles; Nualart, Francisco; Owen, Gareth I.
    Increased glucose uptake as a principal energy source is a requirement for the continued survival of tumour cells. Facilitative glucose transporter-1 (GLUT 1) and -3(GLUTS) have been previously shown to be present and regulated in breast cancer cells and are associated with poor patient prognosis. In cancer cells, the cAMP secondary messenger pathway is known to potentiate described glucose transporter activators and regulate cell fate. However, no regulation of the glucose transporters in breast cancer cells by cAMP has previously been examined. Herein, we determined in the well-characterized breast cancer cell line ZR-75, if the cAMP analogue 8-br-cAMP was capable of regulating GLUT I and GLUTS expression and thus glucose uptake. We demonstrated that 8-br-cAMP transiently up-regulates GLUTS mRNA levels. The use of actinomycin-D and the cloning of 1,200 by upstream of the human GLUTS promoter demonstrated that this regulation was transcriptional. Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting confirmed that the increase in mRNA was reflected by an increase in protein levels. No notable regulation of GLUT I in the presence of 8-br-cAMP was detected. Finally, we determined using the non-metabolizable glucose analogue 2-DOG if this up-regulation in GLUTS increased glucose uptake. We observed the presence of two uptake components, one corresponding to the Km of GLUT 1/4 and the other to GLUTS. A doubling in the uptake velocity was observed only at the Km corresponding to GLUTS. In conclusion, we demonstrate and characterize for the first time, an upregulation of GLUTS mRNA, protein and glucose uptake by the cAMP pathway in breast cancer cells.