Browsing by Author "Parra, Valentina"
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- ItemDown syndrome critical region 1 gene, rcan1, helps maintain a more fused mitochondrial network(2018) Parra, Valentina; Altamirano, Francisco; Hernández Fuentes, Carolina P.; Tong, Dan; Kyrychenko, Victoriia; Rotter, David; Pedrozo, Zully; Hill, Joséph A.| Eisner Sagüés, Verónica Raquel; Lavandero, Sergio; Schneider, Jay W.; Rothermel, Beverly A.
- ItemEnergy-preserving effects of IGF-1 antagonize starvation-induced cardiac autophagy(2012) Troncoso, Rodrigo; Vicencio, Jose Miguel; Parra, Valentina; Nemchenko, Andriy; Kawashima, Yuki; Del Campo, Andrea; Toro, Barbra; Battiprolu, Pavan K.; Aranguiz, Pablo; Chiong, Mario; Yakar, Shoshana; Gillette, Thomas G.; Hill, Joseph A.; Abel, Evan Dale; LeRoith, Derek; Lavandero, Sergio
- ItemIncreased ER-mitochondrial coupling promotes mitochondrial respiration and bioenergetics during early phases of ER stress(COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD, 2011) Bravo, Roberto; Miguel Vicencio, Jose; Parra, Valentina; Troncoso, Rodrigo; Pablo Munoz, Juan; Bui, Michael; Quiroga, Clara; Rodriguez, Andrea E.; Verdejo, Hugo E.; Ferreira, Jorge; Iglewski, Myriam; Chiong, Mario; Simmen, Thomas; Zorzano, Antonio; Hill, Joseph A.; Rothermel, Beverly A.; Szabadkai, Gyorgy; Lavandero, SergioIncreasing evidence indicates that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activates the adaptive unfolded protein response (UPR), but that beyond a certain degree of ER damage, this response triggers apoptotic pathways. The general mechanisms of the UPR and its apoptotic pathways are well characterized. However, the metabolic events that occur during the adaptive phase of ER stress, before the cell death response, remain unknown. Here, we show that, during the onset of ER stress, the reticular and mitochondrial networks are redistributed towards the perinuclear area and their points of connection are increased in a microtubule-dependent fashion. A localized increase in mitochondrial transmembrane potential is observed only in redistributed mitochondria, whereas mitochondria that remain in other subcellular zones display no significant changes. Spatial re-organization of these organelles correlates with an increase in ATP levels, oxygen consumption, reductive power and increased mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. Accordingly, uncoupling of the organelles or blocking Ca2+ transfer impaired the metabolic response, rendering cells more vulnerable to ER stress. Overall, these data indicate that ER stress induces an early increase in mitochondrial metabolism that depends crucially upon organelle coupling and Ca2+ transfer, which, by enhancing cellular bioenergetics, establishes the metabolic basis for the adaptation to this response.
- ItemInsulin Stimulates Mitochondrial Fusion and Function in Cardiomyocytes via the Akt-mTOR-NF kappa B-Opa-1 Signaling Pathway(AMER DIABETES ASSOC, 2014) Parra, Valentina; Verdejo, Hugo E.; Iglewski, Myriam; del Campo, Andrea; Troncoso, Rodrigo; Jones, Deborah; Zhu, Yi; Kuzmicic, Jovan; Pennanen, Christian; Lopez Crisosto, Camila; Jana, Fabian; Ferreira, Jorge; Noguera, Eduard; Chiong, Mario; Bernlohr, David A.; Klip, Amira; Hill, Joseph A.; Rothermel, Beverly A.; Abel, Evan Dale; Zorzano, Antonio; Lavandero, SergioInsulin regulates heart metabolism through the regulation of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Studies have indicated that insulin can also regulate mitochondrial function. Relevant to this idea, mitochondrial function is impaired in diabetic individuals. Furthermore, the expression of Opa-1 and mitofusins, proteins of the mitochondrial fusion machinery, is dramatically altered in obese and insulin-resistant patients. Given the role of insulin in the control of cardiac energetics, the goal of this study was to investigate whether insulin affects mitochondrial dynamics in cardiomyocytes. Confocal microscopy and the mitochondrial dye MitoTracker Green were used to obtain three-dimensional images of the mitochondrial network in cardiomyocytes and L6 skeletal muscle cells in culture. Three hours of insulin treatment increased Opa-1 protein levels, promoted mitochondrial fusion, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, and elevated both intracellular ATP levels and oxygen consumption in cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, the silencing of Opa-1 or Mfn2 prevented all the metabolic effects triggered by insulin. We also provide evidence indicating that insulin increases mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes through the Akt-mTOR-NFB signaling pathway. These data demonstrate for the first time in our knowledge that insulin acutely regulates mitochondrial metabolism in cardiomyocytes through a mechanism that depends on increased mitochondrial fusion, Opa-1, and the Akt-mTOR-NFB pathway.
- ItemMitochondrial Dynamics: a Potential New Therapeutic Target for Heart Failure(EDICIONES DOYMA S A, 2011) Kuzmicic, Jovan; del Campo, Andrea; Lopez Crisosto, Camila; Morales, Pablo E.; Pennanen, Christian; Bravo Sagua, Roberto; Hechenleitner, Jonathan; Zepeda, Ramiro; Castro, Pablo F.; Verdejo, Hugo E.; Parra, Valentina; Chiong, Mario; Lavandero, SergioMitochondria are dynamic organelles able to vary their morphology between elongated interconnected mitochondrial networks and fragmented disconnected arrays, through events of mitochondrial fusion and fission, respectively. These events allow the transmission of signaling messengers and exchange of metabolites within the cell. They have also been implicated in a variety of biological processes including embryonic development, metabolism, apoptosis, and autophagy. Although the majority of these studies have been confined to noncardiac cells, emerging evidence suggests that changes in mitochondrial morphology could participate in cardiac development, the response to ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure, and diabetes mellitus. In this article, we review how the mitochondrial dynamics are altered in different cardiac pathologies, with special emphasis on heart failure, and how this knowledge may provide new therapeutic targets for treating cardiovascular diseases. Full English text available from: www.revespcardiol.org (C) 2011 Sociedad Espanola de Cardiologia. Published by Elsevier Espana, SI. All rights reserved.
- ItemPalmitic acid control of ciliogenesis modulates insulin signaling in hypothalamic neurons through an autophagy-dependent mechanism(SPRINGERNATURE, 2022) Avalos, Yenniffer; Paz Hernandez-Caceres, Maria; Lagos, Pablo; Pinto-Nunez, Daniela; Rivera, Patricia; Burgos, Paulina; Diaz-Castro, Francisco; Joy-Immediato, Michelle; Venegas-Zamora, Leslye; Lopez-Gallardo, Erik; Kretschmar, Catalina; Batista-Gonzalez, Ana; Cifuentes-Araneda, Flavia; Toledo-Valenzuela, Lilian; Rodriguez-Pena, Marcelo; Espinoza-Caicedo, Jasson; Perez-Leighton, Claudio; Bertocchi, Cristina; Cerda, Mauricio; Troncoso, Rodrigo; Parra, Valentina; Budini, Mauricio; Burgos, Patricia, V; Criollo, Alfredo; Morselli, EugeniaPalmitic acid (PA) is significantly increased in the hypothalamus of mice, when fed chronically with a high-fat diet (HFD). PA impairs insulin signaling in hypothalamic neurons, by a mechanism dependent on autophagy, a process of lysosomal-mediated degradation of cytoplasmic material. In addition, previous work shows a crosstalk between autophagy and the primary cilium (hereafter cilium), an antenna-like structure on the cell surface that acts as a signaling platform for the cell. Ciliopathies, human diseases characterized by cilia dysfunction, manifest, type 2 diabetes, among other features, suggesting a role of the cilium in insulin signaling. Cilium depletion in hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons triggers obesity and insulin resistance in mice, the same phenotype as mice deficient in autophagy in POMC neurons. Here we investigated the effect of chronic consumption of HFD on cilia; and our results indicate that chronic feeding with HFD reduces the percentage of cilia in hypothalamic POMC neurons. This effect may be due to an increased amount of PA, as treatment with this saturated fatty acid in vitro reduces the percentage of ciliated cells and cilia length in hypothalamic neurons. Importantly, the same effect of cilia depletion was obtained following chemical and genetic inhibition of autophagy, indicating autophagy is required for ciliogenesis. We further demonstrate a role for the cilium in insulin sensitivity, as cilium loss in hypothalamic neuronal cells disrupts insulin signaling and insulin-dependent glucose uptake, an effect that correlates with the ciliary localization of the insulin receptor (IR). Consistently, increased percentage of ciliated hypothalamic neuronal cells promotes insulin signaling, even when cells are exposed to PA. Altogether, our results indicate that, in hypothalamic neurons, impairment of autophagy, either by PA exposure, chemical or genetic manipulation, cause cilia loss that impairs insulin sensitivity.
- ItemThe complex interplay between mitochondrial dynamics and cardiac metabolism(2011) Parra, Valentina; Verdejo Pinochet, Hugo; Del Campo, Andrea; Pennanen, Christian; Kuzmicic, Jovan; Iglewski, Myriam; Hill, Joséph A; Rothermel, Beverly A.; Lavandero, Sergio