Browsing by Author "Parada Daza, Alejandra Cristina"
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- ItemCalorie Restriction and Time-Restricted Feeding: Effective Interventions in Overweight or Obese Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy Treatment with Curative Intent for Cancer(2024) Vega Huerta, Carmen Natalia; Barnafi Wittwer, Esteban Andrés; Sánchez Rojel, César Giovanni; Acevedo Claros, Francisco Nicolás; Walbaum García, Benjamín Vicente; Parada Daza, Alejandra Cristina; Rivas Segura, Nicolás Eduardo; Merino Lara, Tomás RodrigoThis study assesses the feasibility of calorie restriction (CR) and time-restricted feeding (TRF) in overweight and obese cancer patients who realized little to no physical activity undergoing curative radiotherapy, structured as a prospective, interventional, non-randomized open-label clinical trial. Of the 27 participants initially enrolled, 21 patients with breast cancer were selected for analysis. The participants self-selected into two dietary interventions: TRF, comprising a sugar and saturated fat-free diet calibrated to individual energy needs consumed within an 8 h eating window followed by a 16 h fast, or CR, involving a 25% reduction in total caloric intake from energy expenditure distributed across 4 meals and 1 snack with 55% carbohydrates, 15% protein, and 30% fats, excluding sugars and saturated fats. The primary goal was to evaluate the feasibility of these diets in the specific patient group. The results indicate that both interventions are effective and statistically significant for weight loss and reducing one’s waist circumference, with TRF showing a potentially stronger impact and better adherence. Changes in the LDL, HDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and insulin were not statistically significant.
- ItemHigh linoleic acid levels in red blood cells predict a poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2-positive breast cancer patients(2024) Rodrigo Valenzuela; Walbaum García, Benjamín Vicente; Farías Castro, Camila ; Acevedo Claros, Francisco Nicolás; Vargas Añazco, Catalina Andrea; Bennett Lason, José Tomás; Bravo, M. Loreto; Pinto, Mauricio P.; Medina Araya, Lidia Marjorie; Merino Lara, Tomás Rodrigo; Ibáñez Cáceres, Carolina; Parada Daza, Alejandra Cristina; Sánchez Rojel, César GiovanniObjective Polyunsaturated fatty acids are categorized as ω-3 or ⍵-6. Previous studies demonstrate that breast cancers display a high expression of fatty acid synthase and high fatty acid levels. Our study sought to determine if changes in plasma or red blood cell membrane fatty acid levels were associated with the response to preoperative (neoadjuvant) chemotherapy in non-metastatic breast cancer patients.MethodsOur prospective study assessed fatty acid levels in plasma and red blood cell membrane. Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was evaluated by the presence or absence of pathologic complete response and/or residual cancer burden.ResultsA total of 28 patients were included. First, patients who achieved pathologic complete response had significantly higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio versus no pathologic complete response (P = 0.003). Second, total red blood cell membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids were higher in the absence of pathologic complete response (P = 0.0028). Third, total red blood cell membrane ⍵-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids were also higher in no pathologic complete response (P < 0.01). Among ⍵-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, red blood cell membrane linoleic acid was higher in the absence of pathologic complete response (P < 0.01). Notably, plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid, ⍵-6, and linoleic acid levels did not have significant differences. A multivariate analysis confirmed red blood cell membrane linoleic acid was associated with no pathologic complete response; this was further confirmed by receiver operating characteristic analysis (specificity = 92.3%, sensitivity = 76.9%, and area under the curve = 0.855).ConclusionsPending further validation, red blood cell membrane linoleic acid might serve as a predictor biomarker of poorer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in non-metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2–positive breast cancer. Measuring fatty acids in red blood cell membrane could offer a convenient, minimally invasive strategy to identifying patients more likely to respond or those with chemoresistance.
- ItemIntervenciones de cambio de comportamiento para la reducción del consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo.(2021) Ortiz Muñoz, Luis Eugenio; Parada Daza, Alejandra Cristina; Fredes González, Carolina Paz; Rojas Sobarzo, Loreto Ester; Duarte Anselmi, Giuliano; Suelves, Josep M.; Armayones Ruiz, ManuelIntroducción: a nivel mundial, se estima que más del 20% de las mujeres embarazadas consumen alcohol. La investigación actual sugiere que la ingesta de alcohol durante el embarazo pone en riesgo al recién nacido de sufrir discapacidades cognitivas y del desarrollo graves de por vida. Las intervenciones de cambio de comportamiento pueden ayudar a las mujeres a reducir su consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo. El objetivo de este análisis crítico es comprobar la validez y aplicabilidad de los resultados con respecto a la efectividad de intervenciones de cambio de comportamiento para reducir el consumo de alcohol en mujeres embarazadas, y responder a la interrogante: ¿Son efectivas las intervenciones de cambio de comportamiento en la reducción del consumo de alcohol en mujeres embarazadas?. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda de evidencia proveniente de revisiones sistemáticas, sobre Intervenciones de cambio de comportamiento para la reducción del consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo. Se especificó para cada revisión los componentes "pico" de la pregunta y, del listado de revisiones relevantes, se seleccionó la que pudiese responder mejor a la pregunta. Resultados: Identificamos seis revisiones sistemáticas y dos revisiones panorámicas. Se analizó críticamente el artículo “Identifying effective behavior change techniques for alcohol and illicit substance use during pregnancy: a systematic review.” Conclusión: existe evidencia para decir que algunas técnicas de cambio de comportamiento podrían ser útiles para lograr la reducción del consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo. Sin embargo, estos resultados se deben tomar con precaución dado algunas limitaciones metodológicas en la evidencia disponible.