Browsing by Author "Oyarzo, Camilo"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Livelihood resilience: The role of social‐ecological filters in a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System of southern Chile
    (2025) Caviedes Paul, Julian Jose; Braga Junqueira, André; Calvet‐Mir, Laura; Oyarzo, Camilo; Kaulen, Santiago; Álvarez‐Fernández, Santiago; Marchant Santiago, Carla; Ibarra Eliessetch Jose Tomas
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Variabilidad Climática y Huertas Mapuche-Pewenche: Prácticas de adaptación en tiempos de cambio en los Andes del Sur de Chile
    (2025) Schlicht, Germán; Marchant, Carla; Rodríguez Díaz, Paulina Andrea; Oyarzo, Camilo; Kaulen, Santiago; Ibarra Eliessetch, José Tomás
    La agricultura familiar de montaña es un reservorio de memoria biocultural que integra conocimientos, prácticas y creencias vinculadas a su territorio. No obstante, la alta dependencia del clima hace a esta actividad especialmente vulnerable a la variabilidad climática actual. Este estudio analiza las prácticas de adaptación en huertas familiares mapuche-pewenche del Sur de los Andes, mediante un enfoque metodológico mixto predominantemente cualitativo. Los resultados revelan percepciones locales de estrés térmico y fisiológico en cultivos, junto con una creciente escasez hídrica, y 17 prácticas adaptativas agrupadas en dos categorías (conservación y uso eficiente del agua, y gestión agrícola-espacial). Estas prácticas emergen tanto desde la memoria biocultural como desde la articulación con otros sistemas de conocimiento (e.g., extensionismo estatal). Destacamos el rol clave de la memoria biocultural en la construcción de sistemas socioecológicos adaptativos, así como la necesidad de políticas públicas consensuadas con pueblos indígenas y comunidades locales para la adaptación y apropiación local de estas.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Vulnerability of small-scale farming livelihoods under climate variability in a globally important archipelago of the Global South
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) Oyarzo, Camilo; Kaulen, Santiago; Marchant, Carla; Rodríguez, Paulina; Caviedes, Julián; Miranda, Marcelo D.; Schlicht, Germán; Ibarra Eliessetch, José Tomás
    In recent decades, the pace of change in social-ecological systems has accelerated. The adverse effects of climate variability and extreme events put increasing pressure on rural small-scale farmers' households whose livelihoods depend on nature. However, socioeconomic, political, and institutional changes also affect this group, responsible for producing at least a third of the world's food. This study assessed the influence of climate variability on the spatial distribution of the social-ecological vulnerability of small farmers' livelihoods within a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS) in southern South America. Data were collected through a questionnaire-based survey of 100 small-scale farmers' households, selected via stratified random sampling. Climate variability and extreme event data spanning 30 years were included, with spatial and temporal resolutions of 1 × 1 km and one year, respectively. Through an indicator-based approach, the study identified 17 vulnerability indicators across Exposure, Sensitivity, and Adaptive Capacity components. The Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) for small-scale farming in the Chiloé Archipelago was calculated at the household level, following the IPCC vulnerability assessment framework and the Sustainable Livelihoods perspective. The findings reveal that LVI values for small-scale farmers ranged from 0.28 (least vulnerable) to 0.54 (most vulnerable). Principal Component Analysis indicated that agricultural extension support, supplementary income, social relations, and ownership of agricultural equipment enhance local adaptive capacity. Spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed clustering in exposure, sensitivity, adaptive capacity, and vulnerability patterns. The finding suggests that extension interventions should strengthen vulnerable households' adaptive capacity by supporting rural livelihood diversification.