Browsing by Author "Orchard, Ximena"
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- ItemTodos los caminos conducen a la desafección: proceso constituyente y cambios en la subjetividad de sectores medios en Chile(2025) Lazcano-Peña, Daniela; Grassau, Daniela; Heiss, Claudia; Lagos Lira, Claudia; Orchard, Ximena; Cabalin, CristianEste artículo estudia la evolución de las emociones y actitudes respecto del proceso constituyente en Chile considerando el periodo entre el estallido social de octubre de 2019 y el segundo intento de redacción de una propuesta de nueva Constitución en 2023. A partir de una metodología cualitativa, basada en grupos focales con votantes no militantes de sectores medios, se exploraron las posibles causas y consecuencias de esta evolución y se identificaron las principales diferencias entre votantes que aprobaron y que rechazaron el primer texto constitucional propuesto. El análisis permitió identificar un patrón transversal: independientemente de la opción electoral, los participantes experimentaron un sentimiento de frustración asociado a la pérdida de confianza en la política institucional y en la capacidad de transformación del proceso constitucional. Los hallazgos contribuyen a comprender cómo dimensiones tanto emocionales como racionales emergen como elementos gravitantes que explican el tránsito desde la esperanza hacia la desafección política.
- Item"Your house won't be yours anymore!" Effects of Misinformation, News Use, and Media Trust on Chile's Constitutional Referendum(Sage Publications, 2024) Saldaña Villa, Magdalena Carolina; Orchard, Ximena; Rivera, Sebastian; Bustamante-Pavez, GuillermoNews consumption and voting behavior are interlinked and particularly important in elections where traditional political cleavages are not easily applicable. This relationship becomes more complex and uncertain in contexts of low trust in the news media and high levels of misinformation circulating in different news ecosystems. In this study, we test an indirect path between differentiated news media consumption and voting choices, mediated by belief in misinformation, and moderated by news media trust. Our data come from a two-wave panel survey of 1,332 respondents, conducted in Chile before and after the 2022 Constitutional Referendum, a political event that captured international attention after a constitutional proposal was rejected in a process initiated with high public support. Our analyses found that news media consumption significantly affected voting preferences in the referendum, not only indirectly through the acceptance of misinformation, but also directly, suggesting that news organizations might act, intentionally or not, as soundboards of misinformation. These findings suggest that countries with enough press freedom to rely on the news media to be informed but also a high concentration of ownership, topics, and angles covered, might become fertile soil for misinformation to spread in the form of professional news coverage, instead of fabricated, easy-to-spot fake pieces circulating in dubious websites or on social media.
