Browsing by Author "Monsalve, Mauricio"
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- ItemEarthquake response sensitivity of complex infrastructure networks(2020) Llera Martin, Juan Carlos de la; Monsalve, Mauricio; Ferrario, Elisa; Allen, E.; Chamorro, A.; Castro, S.; Alberto, Yolanda; Arróspide, Felipe; Poulos, Alan; Candia, G.; Aguirre, P.Resilience of complex infrastructure networks is critical in achieving earthquake resilience in urban environments. Perhaps due to their modeling complexity, very few research studies have addressed sensitivity of the network response to a severe earthquake hazard field. This research aims to characterize earthquake response sensitivity as a function of different topological parameters of 5 critical complex networks in central Chile, covering the electric, transportation, and drinking water networks. Central Chile was selected because it amounts for almost 50% of the country’s population. What is also particular about this setting, is that the seismic characteristics of the region lead to extended (essentially) N-S strike fault ruptures, which run along the subduction margin defined by the E-W convergence between the South American and Pacific Ocean plates at an unusual rate of about 68 mm/year, thus involving in the strong-motion hazard field geographic scales in the hundreds of kilometers. It is concluded that node and link topological structures differ considerably between these complex systems, which are characterized by several different well-known centrality parameters and other interesting indices and network-class discriminators. Secondly, a component criticality analysis under an earthquake hazard field is also presented just in terms of connectivity/service loss, which enables, at least, a rough identification of the robustness of each network as nodes and links are removed. Results from these topological analyses are useful to identify which components are essential in generating larger earthquake resilience. This is the first time such results are obtained for central Chile using very detailed models of these complex networks
- ItemIdentifying critical components in power distribution networks using graph theoretical measures(2019) Llera Martin, Juan Carlos de la; Monsalve, MauricioCritical infrastructures (CIs) are spatially distributed infrastructure networks that supply essential services and goods to our society. However, CIs are exposed to diverse disruptive and severe natural events, random failures and manmade attacks, which undermine their proper functioning producing negative impacts on the population. In this context, it is of paramount importance to identify which are the most relevant CI components that deserve special attention for improving CIs protection. The identification of critical components is a well consolidated practice in risk analysis of complex technological systems; however, when looking at real-world spatially-distributed CIs, identifying the most critical components precisely is challenging. Indeed, CIs cover large spatial areas, have variable degrees of redundancy, and often exhibit irregular topological characteristics. In order to address this problem, this work looks at the ability of different graph theoretical measures or scores at identifying critical components in power distribution networks to later compare them. The scores considered herein include various network centrality measures (degree, eigenvector, closeness, betweenness) and some variations. The comparison of these measures is performed on three power distribution networks from central Chile, finding that a variant of betweenness centrality is the best at identifying the most critical components.
- ItemRisk and resilience monitor: development of multiscale and multilevel indicators for disaster risk management for the communes and urban areas of Chile(2018) González, Daniela P.; Monsalve, Mauricio; Moris Iturrieta, Roberto; Herrera Barriga, Cristóbal