Browsing by Author "Llerena-Cayo, Camila"

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    The 2023 Latin America report of the Lancet countdown on health and climate change: the imperative for health-centred climate-resilient development
    (2024) Hartinger, Stella M.; Palmeiro-Silva, Yasna K.; Llerena-Cayo, Camila; Blanco-Villafuerte, Luciana; Escobar, Luis E.; Diaz, Avriel; Helo Sarmiento, Juliana; Lescano, Andrés G.; Melo Contreras, Oscar Alfredo; Rojas-Rueda, David; Takahashi, Bruno; Callaghan, Max; Chesini, Francisco; Dasgupta, Shouro; Gil Posse, Carolina; Gouveia, Nelson; Martins de Carvalho, Aline; Miranda-Chacón, Zaray; Mohajeri, Nahid; Pantoja, Chrissie; Robinson, Elizabeth J. Z; Salas, María Fernanda; Santiago, Raquel; Sauma Santis, Enzo Enrique; Santos-Vega, Mauricio; Scamman, Daniel; Sergeeva, Milena; Souza de Camargo, Tatiana; Sorensen, Cecilia; Umaña, Juan D.; Yglesias-González, Marisol; Walawender, María; Buss, Daniel; Romanello, Marina
    In 2023, a series of climatological and political events unfolded, partly driving forward the global climate and health agenda while simultaneously exposing important disparities and vulnerabilities to climate-related events. On the policy front, a significant step forward was marked by the inaugural Health Day at COP28, acknowledging the profound impacts of climate change on health. However, the first-ever Global Stocktake showed an important gap between the current progress and the targets outlined in the Paris Agreement, underscoring the urgent need for further and decisive action. From a Latin American perspective, some questions arise: How do we achieve the change that is needed? How to address the vulnerabilities to climate change in a region with long-standing social inequities? How do we promote intersectoral collaboration to face a complex problem such as climate change? The debate is still ongoing, and in many instances, it is just starting.
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    The 2025 Lancet Countdown Latin America report: moving from promises to equitable climate action for a prosperous future
    (2025) Hartinger, Stella M.; Palmeiro-Silva, Yasna; Llerena-Cayo, Camila; Santos Araujo Palharini, Rayana; García-Witulski, Christian; Salas, Maria Fernanda; Valdes Ortega, Nicolas Fernando; Diaz, Avriel; Escobar, Luis E.; Gil Posse, Carolina; Helo Sarmiento, Juliana; Lescano, Andres G.; Melo Contreras, Óscar; Pinilla-Roncancio, Mónica; Rojas-Rueda, David; Souza de Camargo, Tatiana; Takahashi, Bruno; Blanco-Villafuerte, Luciana; Borchers-Arriagada, Nicolas; Sauma Santis, Enzo Enrique; Lancet Group
    Globally, 2024 was the warmest year on record, with the average near-surface temperature reaching 1.55 ◦C above pre-industrial levels. This record is part of a continued warming trend, with temperatures staying above the 1.5 ◦C threshold for nearly two years. This warming, largely driven by economic activities, is leading to concurrent hazards across Latin America, including heatwaves, wildfires, and floods, which are devastating communities, disrupting livelihoods and leading to a wide range of health consequences for the people of the region. Amidst this escalating threat, human health has become a central focus in international climate diplomacy, with the COP28 UAE Framework including a specific health target and operationalising the Global Goal on Adaptation. While these steps are important, significant challenges remain. The world remains offtrack to meet its climate goals, despite a decade since the Paris Agreement. The continued reliance on fossil fuels and the failure of many countries to meet emissions targets and climate finance commitments are some of the major obstacles undermining efforts to protect human health and progress to a thrivingfuture. The 2025 Lancet Countdown Latin America report, a collaboration of 25 regional academic institutions and UN agencies, tracks 41 indicators across 17 Latin American countries. It provides clear evidence on the escalating impacts of climate change on human health. For this iteration, several methodological improvements were implemented, including the refinement of existing indicators and the incorporation of six new ones. Additionally, efforts were made to integrate a sub-national perspective wherever data allows, recognising that climate impacts and theeffectiveness of responses vary significantly among and within countries. The following section summarises the main findings, structured around three key messages that reflect the central themes of the report