Browsing by Author "Karzulovic Busch, Lorena Karina"
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- ItemAssociation of perinatal factors and school performance in primary school Chilean children(2013) Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Karzulovic Busch, Lorena Karina; Manzi Astudillo, Jorge; Eriksson, Johan; Mardones S., Francisco
- ItemTuberculosis en individuos con infección por VIH en Chile: Estudio de prevalencia e impacto sobre mortalidad(2008) Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Rabagliati B., Ricardo; Balcells Marty, María Elvira; Karzulovic Busch, Lorena Karina; Pérez Cortés, CarlosBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) in Chile is reaching the elimination phase; however, in HIV positive individuals the incidence ofTB in still very high. Aim To describe the association between TB and HIV in different geographical regions in Chile, and to determine the association between TB and HIV/AIDS mortality. Patients and methods: A retrospective study that included individuals from the main HIV clinics from four regions with different TB prevalence in the general population (per 100,000): Arica (>30), Concepcion/Arauco (25-29), Valparaiso/San Antonio (20-24) and Metropolitana Sur-Oriente (SSMSO) (<20), attended between January 1998 and September 2004. Results: Nine hundred and twelve HIV positive individuals were included. Gobal prevalence ofTB was 6.2% [95% confidence intervals (Cl) 5.2-7.2%]. TB was more common in older subjects (p =0.039) and those with lower CD4 counts (p <0.001) and higher HIV viral load (p =0.033). In 66% of cases, the disease had a pulmonary localization. TB was the recorded cause of death in 7.4% of subjects. Only 29% of patients had a tuberculin skin test performed at the moment of HIV diagnosis. The prevalence of TB in HIV positive patients, followed the trend of TB prevalence in the general population: Concepcion/Arauco (11.9%), Valparaiso/San Antonio (7.1%) and SSMSO (3.9%). However HIV positive subjects from Arica showed an unexpectedly low TB prevalence (5.5%). Conclusions: TB in HIV/AIDS patients included in this study is over 300 times more prevalent than in the general population. TB prevalence in HIV positive subjects follows regional TB prevalence, excepting Arica. Effectiveness and feasibility of latent TB diagnostic strategies and treatment in HIV positive individuals should be reviewed.
- ItemTuberculosis en individuos con infección por VIH en Chile: Estudio de prevalencia e impacto sobre mortalidad(SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2008) Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Rabagliati B., Ricardo; Balcells Marty, María Elvira; Karzulovic Busch, Lorena Karina; Pérez Cortés, CarlosBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) in Chile is reaching the elimination phase, however, in HIV positive individual the incidence of TB in still very high. Aim: To describe the association between TB and HIV in different geographical regions in Chile, and to determine the association between 773 and HIV/AIDS) mortality. Patients and methods: A retrospective study that included individuals from the main HIV clinics from four regions with different TB prevalence in the general population (per 100,000): Arica (> 30), Concepcion/Arauco (25-29), Valparaiso/San Antonio (20-24) and Metropolitana Sur-Oriente (SSMSO) (< 20), attended between january 1998 and september 2004. Results. Nine hundred and twelve HIV positive individuals were included. Gobal prevalence of TB was 6.2% [95916 confidence intervals (Q) 5-2-72%. TB was more common in older subjects (p =0.039) and those with lower CD4 counts (p < 0.001) and higher HIV viral load (p =0.033). In 66% of cased, the disease bad a pulmonary localization. TB was the recorded cause (of death in 7.4% of subjects. Only 2996 of patients bad a tuberculin skin test performed at the moment of HIV diagnosis. The prevalence of 773 in HIV positive patients, followed the trend of TB prevalence in the general population: Concepcion/Arauco (11-9%), Valparaiso/San Antonio (71%) and SSMSO (3.9%). However HIV positive subjects from Arica showed an unexpectedly low 773 prevalence (5.5%). Conclusions: TB in HIV/AIDS patients included in this study is over 300 times more prevalent than in the general population. TB prevalence in HIV positive subjects follows regional TB prevalence, excepting Arica. Effectiveness and feasibility of latent TB diagnostic strategies and treatment in HIV positive individuals should be reviewed (Rev Med Chile 2008; 136: 578-86).
- ItemUna regla de predicción clínica ¿anticipa el diagnóstico de la faringitis estreptocóccica en niños de 2 a 15 años?(SOC CHILENA INFECTOLOGIA, 2018) Karzulovic Busch, Lorena Karina; Garcia Canete, Patricia Del Carmen; Wozniak Banchero, Aniela; Villarroel Del Pino, Luis Antonio; Hirsch Birn, Tamara Regina; Concha Murray, Ida Angelica; Catalan, Mora Silvia; Cifuentes Águila, Lorena IsabelBackground: The etiology of a streptococcal pharyngitis must be documented by laboratory techniques to avoid unnecessary antimicrobial treatment, but this strategy increases cost for the patient. Available scores applied in children or adults are imperfect. Aim: To develop a clinical prediction rule to aid the diagnostic process of streptococcal pharyngitis (SP) in children in a low-resource setting. Methods: Three hundred and eighteen patients aged 2 to 15 years who were evaluated for suspected SP at the Pediatric Emergency Department and the Pediatric Ambulatory Unit of Red Salud UC-Christus entered the study. A throat culture and a rapid antigen detection test for Streptococcus pyogenes were obtained from each patient. Data were analyzed for possible clinical predictors of SP with univariate and multiple regression analyses. Results: Seventy-three cases of SP were diagnosed (23.9%). In the univariate analysis, fever was inversely associated with SP (p = 0.002). Odynophagia, palatal petechiae, and season of the year (autumn and winter) were positively associated with SP (p = 0.007, p < 0.001 and p = 0.03 respectively). In multiple regression analysis the models did not have sufficient power to predict streptococcal etiology. Conclusion: Clinical predictors, even those systematically included in clinical prediction rules, did not show sufficient predictive power to safely include or exclude SP in this setting, and thus, it is necessary to improve access to confirmatory tests.