Browsing by Author "Jarpa Tauler, Gabriela Teresa"

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    Autopolyploidization and  in vitro regeneration of three blueberry cultivars from leaves and microstems
    (2024) Jarpa Tauler, Gabriela Teresa; Martínez Barradas, Vera Isabel; Romero Romero, Jesús Lucina; Arce Johnson, Patricio
    Blueberries are a fruit with an increasing global demand due to their phytochemical and bioactive compounds content. They are promoted worldwide because of their health benefits. For optimal growth and productivity, blueberry crops need acidic soil pH, specific chilling hours, and an adequate atmospheric temperature. This delicate production equilibrium is under severe threat from climate change, potentially leading to reduced yields and increased cultivation costs unless new cultivars are developed for each edafoclimatic zone. Therefore, considering varietal replacements with more productive cultivars offering higher quality and better adaptability to local conditions is imperative. In this study, we employ polyploidization and in vitro tissue culture to promote variability and lay the foundation for new cultivar development. We report the successful induction of octoploids in three blueberry cultivars, namely 'Biloxi,' 'Legacy,' and 'Duke', through whole-genome duplication. Leaves and microstem explants were exposed to 0.1% colchicine for 24 and 48 hours in in vitro culture. After analyzing the polyploid level of 160 regenerated shoots using DNA flow cytometry, we obtained a total of 18 mutants, consisting of 8 mixoploids and 10 octoploids. The number of chloroplasts in the stomata was analysed by fluorescence microscopy, revealing the duplication of these organelles in the induced octoploid plants. To our knowledge, this represents the first successful induction of octoploids in three blueberry cultivars -'Biloxi,' 'Legacy,' and 'Duke'- achieved by exposing leaves and microstem explants to colchicine in in vitro culture. This technique holds promise as a valuable tool for the development of improved blueberry cultivars.
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    New Findings in the Amino Acid Profile and Gene Expression in Contrasting Durum Wheat Gluten Strength Genotypes during Grain Filling
    (AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 2020) Araya Flores, Jorge Andrés; Guzman, Carlos; Matus, Iván; Parada Salazar, Roberto Andrés; Jarpa Tauler, Gabriela Teresa; Costa de Camargo, Adriano; Shahidi, Fereidoon; Schwember, Andres R.
    Grain protein composition is important in wheat quality and may influence the amino acidic sequence of bioactive peptides obtained from this feedstock. However, the genetic basis modulating the amino acid profile in durum wheat is not well-understood. Therefore, strong and weak gluten strength durum wheat genotypes were evaluated for their amino acid composition along grain filling. Strong gluten strength lines showed higher expression levels of low-molecular-weight glutenin-related genes between 21 and 35 days post-anthesis (DPA) and exhibited up to 43.5% more alanine than the weak lines at 42 DPA, which was supported by the higher expression levels of putative alanine amino transferase genes in strong genotypes. Therefore, with the involvement of chemistry and molecular biology, the results present here may influence the science of wheat.