Browsing by Author "Jara Donoso, José Joaquín"

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    Attracting mining investments: the relationship between natural endowments and public policies
    (2020) Jara Donoso, José Joaquín; Delucchi Danhier, Stefano Andreas; Peters Nuñez, David; Lagos, Gustavo; Marquardt R., Carlos
    Mining jurisdictions avid to attract international investments to find and exploit their mineral deposits contend for international capitals. This led to policymakers, analysts, and companies to think about the factors affecting the competitiveness of mining districts. The traditional paradigm states that the capacity of a country or jurisdiction to attract investments and develop its local industry is a function exclusively of the quantity and quality of the ore deposits within its territory. On the other hand, the alternative view suggests that the previous conception is incomplete, because companies not only look for a good geologic potential but also for a favorable investment climate (Tilton 1992). Through cross-country econometric models covering the years 1996 to 2014, this work supports the alternative paradigm of mining competitiveness and tries to contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between the geological potential and the investment climate when determining the attraction of mining investments. The study concludes that, in order to develop a local mining industry, a country should have a wealthy natural endowment, but also it must offer a good investment climate. In addition, it shows that both variables are related through a multiplicative effect, but once public policies and other contextual variables reach certain reasonable levels (the “investment climate threshold”), jurisdictions compete almost exclusively based on its natural endowment. These results have significant implications for the implementation of public policies, especially in periods when mining contribution to social welfare is under scrutiny.
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    Priorización de productos para el desarrollo del Plan Nacional de Geología mediante herramientas de análisis multicriterio
    (2024) Cancino Guajardo, Gustavo Adolfo; Marquardt R., Carlos; Jara Donoso, José Joaquín; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Ingeniería
    El Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería de Chile (SERNAGEOMIN), tiene como uno de sus ejes estratégicos proporcionar información geológica básica para contribuir al desarrollo del país a través de programas de levantamientos de información. Con este propósito en el año 2011 se inició el Plan Nacional de Geología (PNG), encargado de confeccionar mapas geológicos a escala 1:100.000.En el año 2019 existía cartografía geológica al norte de los 30º S, que cubría el 37% del país, y actualmente se realiza el levantamiento geológico en el resto del territorio nacional. La planificación de estos trabajos ha sido en base a criterios simples, pero no siempre considera costo-beneficio, ni maximiza su valor para la sociedad.En este trabajo se analiza el territorio entre los 30° y 43°50' S con el objetivo de priorizar áreas donde realizar mapas geológicos. En particular se utiliza el método de Proceso Analítico Jerárquico (AHP) y el álgebra de mapas a partir del uso de Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG). Estos en su conjunto permiten valorizar, por medio de la ponderación de criterios, las zonas prioritarias para el mapeo geológico considerando múltiples variables y juicios de expertos.Los resultados muestran que es factible obtener resultados coherentes con el medio, siendo las áreas con alta prioridad coincidentes con zonas cordilleranas y de depresión intermedia, destacadas por su importancia geológica y productiva. Este enfoque confirma la hipótesis de que el método AHP y el álgebra de mapas pueden mejorar la planificación territorial del PNG en pos de satisfacer de manera más eficiente las necesidades del país. Para mantener una correcta planificación estratégica y alineada con los objetivos institucionales, se recomienda realizar estudios a mayor detalle (escalas 1:50,000 o 1:25,000) y establecer mesas de trabajo regulares que incluyan a ciudadanos, académicos y otras organizaciones, para actualizar las prioridades de manera dinámica y eficiente.
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    Ranking of Placer Gold Prospects in Chile Through Analytic Hierarchy Process
    (2019) Jara Donoso, José Joaquín; Moreno Sagredo, Francisco José; Jara Zárate, Raúl Guillermo; Dubournais Donoso, Francisco; Mata, Rodrigo; Peters Núñez, David Carlos; Marquardt R., Carlos; Lagos, Gustavo
    Chile has a rich, but poorly known history of placer gold mining. At present, this sector is almost nonexistent and there are some restrictions for its revival: disperse and partial information on existing resources and limited technical expertise to assess the potential of placer gold mine sites. This paper presents the background, methodology and results of the prioritization process of known prospects of this kind in Chile. This research was part of a publicly funded project aimed to incentivize the development of this industry. The ranking was carried out using the analytic hierarchy process, which allowed to include different quantitative and qualitative variables related to the economic potential, technical aspects, contextual viability and socioeconomic factors in the analysis. The results show that, despite the increasing relevance of environmental and community issues in mining development, the business potential and the economic/technical aspects are the main factors in the early selection of a site to advance in exploration and development activities. Both variables represented around 40% and 37% of weights in the final selection, respectively. In contrast, contextual viability and local socioeconomic impacts only accounted for the remaining 23%. This study also shows that the inclusion of experts with different backgrounds in the process enriches the analysis and does not significantly distort the final outcome of the prioritization. Finally, the relevance of using MCDM tools when assessing the attractiveness of mine sites for their development is highlighted, particularly when public funds for subsequent exploration activities are committed.
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    The effect of mine aging on the evolution of environmental footprint indicators in the Chilean copper mining industry 2001-2015
    (2018) Lagos, Gustavo; Peters Núñez, David Carlos; Videla Leiva, Álvaro Rodrigo; Jara Donoso, José Joaquín
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    Valuation and Prioritization of Early-Stage Exploration Projects : a Case Study of Cu-Ag and Au-Mineralized Systems in the Tiltil Mining District, Chile
    (2020) Faúndez, Patricio Ignacio; Marquardt R., Carlos; Jara Donoso, José Joaquín; Guzmán Barros, Juan Ignacio
    A problem for mining districts, for example those with small to medium operations, is the uncertainty with respect to the valuation of exploration targets. In cases where a mining district has been only partially developed, geological uncertainty likely represents a substantial part of resource valuation risk. To address this problem, we developed a method for valuing exploration targets in the early stage of exploration based on four variables: (1) risks associated with exploration; (2) geological uncertainty; (3) economic potential; and (4) exploration costs. The new method presented offers a simple and replicable means to value mineralized bodies and prioritize mining activities based on quantitative geoscientific information and can additionally be adapted to analyze other exploration projects, such as those located in areas without mining activity. In this work, we studied a series of Cu–Ag and Auveins located in the Tiltil Mining District in the Coastal Cordillera of the Chilean Central Andes. We performed four steps in order to characterize the level of uncertainty in the resource exploration and valuation: (1) we acquired district-level data on the geology in and around Tiltil and the activity of 39 small mining operations; (2) we designed a preliminary conceptual exploration campaign; (3) we applied and adapted a new method for the valuation of mineral resources; and (4) we estimated the economic value of the studied mineral targets. The valuation method uses the product of three mutually independent variables: potential value, exploration risk, and geological uncertainty. The estimated value of minerals, at Tiltil, without discounting cash flows is 50.2 billion CLP, while a discount rate of 15.62% returns an estimate of 26.7 billion CLP. When adjusting these values for the level of geological uncertainty discerned in our method, the resulting values are approximately 56% less. We additionally applied the valuation method to seven potential mining targets, considering both potential exploration resources and inferred resources, and found values ranging from 21.8 billion and 11.8 billion CLP (32.3 million and 17.5 million USD with an exchange rate of 675.48 CLP per USD) without discounting cash flows and with a discount rate of 15.62%. We encourage the use of this new method in the early-stage development of small mining operations in order to characterize correctly potential profitability.