Browsing by Author "Inzunza Hernández, Oscar Alejandro"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Absence of musculocutaneous nerve associated with the presence of an accessory head of the biceps brachii muscle: report of a bilateral case and its clinical implications
    (2023) Farfán Cabello, Emilio Erasmo; Araya, Felipe; Barroilhet Castillo, Manuel; Cornejo, Francisco; Gutierrez, Agustin; Vergara, Matias; Inzunza Hernández, Oscar Alejandro; Sanchez, Natalia; Tramolao Osses, Jaritza Andrea; Inostroza, Veronica
    The anatomical variants of the biceps brachii muscle (BBM) are frequent, mostly unilaterally than bilaterally, and are associated with supernumerary muscle bellies, the total absence of the muscle or one of its heads, and variations in the points of origin and insertion. In the same way, the variants of the musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) can include alterations in its course, number of branches, or anatomical relations, whereas its absence is considered an atypical variation. The aim of this work was to report the absence of musculocutaneous nerve associated with the presence of one accessory head of the biceps brachii muscle. Dissection of a female cadaver, fixed in 10% buff- ered formaldehyde, which did not present previous surgeries in the studied area was performed. Variations were noted in both upper limbs related to accessory muscle bellies and change in innervation. Anatomical relations of muscles and nerves were determined by following proximal to distal ends, relation, vascularization, and innervation pattern. The absence of MCN associated with the presence of one accessory head of the BBM were found bilaterally. These anatomical variations are atypical. Clinically, these variations can produce compressive symptoms that could generate confusing diagnostics and conduce to unnecessary procedures on the arm, inducing iatrogenic actions.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Academic benefits of using cadaveric material in health sciences education: Report of an experience
    (2023) Farfán Cabello, Emilio Erasmo; Inzunza Hernández, Oscar Alejandro
    The use of cadaveric material to study anato-my has been curbed by the requirements for its maintenance and use and by the anatomical con-tents in medical curricula, negatively affecting students. This study aimed to demonstrate the reported benefits of using cadaveric material in teaching anatomy. The benefits were categorized into 3 groups: audiovisual resources, teaching, and institutional cooperation and research. 1) Au-diovisual resources: 2234 photographs, 256 vid-eos, 16 websites, 28 anatomical replicas using 3D printing, the Laminario Anatomico, and a gym-khana online simulator. Students were surveyed about their perception and use of these resources. Their responses indicate they are considered use-ful tools for teaching and learning. 2) Teaching: all the practical activities with cadaveric materi- al are comprehensively undertaken in different formats every year. 15 undergraduate programs have prosection activities, 9 graduate degree programs and 4 post-graduate qualification pro- grams have prosection and dissection activities, and 22 graduate degree programs have cadaveric surgical training. 3) Institutional cooperation and research: 2 doctoral theses, 1 master's thesis, and 37 publications. The use of cadaveric material is a contribution that strengthens all aspects of aca-demia in the development of both instructors and institutions.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Elaboración de un simulador de trauma torácico a partir de un torso cadavérico utilizando tecnología de imágenes digitales e impresión 3d
    (Sociedad de Cirujanos de Chile, 2021) Spoerer Ruiz-tagle Sebastian; Caro Pinto, Iván; Vela Ulloa, Javier Ignacio; Contreras Bertolo, Caterina; Ortiz Durán, Constanza Catalina; Achurra Tirado, Pablo Andrés; Varas Cohen, Julián Emanuel; Ramos Perkis, Juan Pablo; Jarufe Cassis, Nicolás Patricio; Riquelme Pizarro, Carlos Rodrigo; Garrido Cisterna, Francisco Javier; Inzunza Hernández, Oscar Alejandro
    To describe the design and creation of a high-fidelity thoracic trauma surgery simulation model incorporating 3D printing technology using a cadaveric human torso as a model. Materials and Method: This is a descriptive study that aims to illustrate the creation process of a thoracic trauma surgery simulation model throughout the incorporation of prototypes and dynamic iteration tech-nologies. Results: A high-fidelity reusable thoracic trauma surgery simulation model was created from the digitalization of a cadaveric torso using a computed tomography scan. Throughout digital reconstruction tools, the subcutaneous, muscular, and skeletal structures were modeled from images obtained before and after an anterolateral thoracotomy. Using 3D printing and synthetic materials, a high-fidelity thoracic cavity was built so that perfused and ventilated porcine heart and lungs could be placed. A thoracotomy patch for the anterolateral thoracotomy was designed in a reusable and low-cost fashion. This simulation model is suitable for high fidelity training in the surgical management of cardiopulmonary traumatic injuries. Conclusion: The described methodology allowed the creation of a simulation model for training and assessment of surgical skills in thoracic trauma. The main compo-nents of the simulation model are made from reusable materials, broadening access to low-cost, high fidelity training.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Plataforma de Software Educativa Gamificada: experiencia con estudiantes de anatomía de la Universidad de La Frontera
    (2022) Stambuk-Castellano, Mónica; Contreras-Mc kay, Ignacio; Neyem, Hugo Andrés; Inzunza Hernández, Oscar Alejandro; Ottone, Nicolas E.; Del Sol, Mariano
    La tecnología ha abierto la posibilidad de mejorar los entornos de aprendizaje. Sin embargo, en el ámbito de la educación médica, las herramientas que son utilizadas no entregan evidencias claras sobre si los estudiantes realmente están aprendiendo. Específicamente, en la enseñanza de la anatomía han surgido múltiples aplicaciones para satisfacer la necesidad de acceder a material cadavérico, no obstante, éstas carecen de información enriquecida sobre el rendimiento que alcanzan los estudiantes y del cómo adaptar los aprendizajes según sus necesidades educativas. Así, una de las estrategias que actualmente tiene presencia en este ámbito es la gamificación. Este estudio implementa y utiliza una plataforma de software educativa gamificada basada en sistemas de recomendación y asistentes virtuales, capaz de entregar retroalimentación y estrategias para apoyar la apropiación de conocimiento de anatomía de los estudiantes de la carrera de medicina de la Universidad de La Frontera (UFRO), de la ciudad de Temuco, Chile. Cuarenta y cinco estudiantes participaron del estudio. Éste consistió en la utilización de diversos componentes gamificados con técnicas de inteligencia artificial. Los principales hallazgos de esta experiencia permitieron concluir que la utilización de componentes gamificados para el aprendizaje de la anatomía son un recurso que permite apoyar el aprendizaje de los estudiantes.